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1.
An exploratory teaching approach was inspired by the communicative experiences of d/Deaf students in tertiary education. ‘Theory of Mind’ has been used by some to describe the capacity to appreciate that views of others may be different from our own, a concept that could provide a different way for students and educators to understand the barriers identified. An adapted assessment highlighted challenges faced and a communication group provided opportunities for extending personal understandings of social settings. Emerging ideas to inform practice and potential implications for inclusion have relevance for other contexts. 相似文献
2.
The existence of wage patterns is often cited as evidence that the labor market is affected by institutional forces outside
the purview of economic theory. In this paper, it is argued that such patterns can be understood as the result of an information-acquiring
activity of labor market participants that enhances their chance of survival. Wage comparisons are selected, sometimes mistakenly,
in an effort to cope with the uncertainty of the environment. This evolutionary analysis denies a distinction between market
forces and spillovers.
Helpful comments on an earlier draft were received from John Pencaval, Melvin Reder, and Stanley Siebert. The usual disclaimer
attaches. 相似文献
3.
Bartczak Anna Budziński Wiktor Chilton Susan McDonald Rebecca Nielsen Jytte Seested 《Journal of Risk and Uncertainty》2021,62(2):113-135
Journal of Risk and Uncertainty - In this paper we test the efficiency of family resource allocation in three-generation households. Understanding how the so-called “squeezed middle”... 相似文献
4.
A basic change concerning the racial classification of persons of Spanish origin used in the 1980 U.S. census is examined for its impact on white and nonwhite population counts, particularly in urban areas. "Arrest rates by race for central city Phoenix together with 1980 census data by race and ethnicity for Phoenix and 11 other central cities are used to illustrate the substantive effect of changes in the white and 'other race' counts produced by this change in procedure." The authors consider "remedies for the problems faced by those using published census data..., and one possibility for creating comparable rates is presented. Closely related complications created by the failure of the Office of Management and Budget to arrive at a single, logical statistical standard for the classification of U.S. residents by race and ethnicity are also identified." 相似文献
5.
Christine S. Gipson Jenifer M. Chilton Suzanne S. Dickerson Danita Alfred Barbara K. Haas 《Journal of American college health : J of ACH》2019,67(1):32-41
Objective: To test the effectiveness of a text-message intervention to promote sleep hygiene to improve sleep in young adult college students. Participants: A convenience sample of undergraduate students from one Southwestern university (n = 96), 18–26 years old, recruited in August 2015. Methods: A 2-group pretest-posttest experimental design assigned participants to receive biweekly text messages about sleep hygiene or healthy behaviors for 6 weeks. Survey questions addressed sleep knowledge, sleep hygiene, self-efficacy for sleep hygiene, and sleep quality at baseline and posttest. Results: Though not significant, sleep quality, sleep hygiene, and sleep knowledge improved in both groups. Conclusions: Self-efficacy for sleep hygiene is a modifiable factor that may serve to improve sleep quality. Sleep quality improved in both groups. Text messaging is a feasible approach to delivering an intervention to promote healthy behaviors among young adults. 相似文献
6.
Public Perceptions of Risk and Preference-Based Values of Safety 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Susan Chilton Judith Covey Lorraine Hopkins Michael Jones-Lee Graham Loomes Nick Pidgeon Anne Spencer 《Journal of Risk and Uncertainty》2002,25(3):211-232
This article reports the results of two studies aimed at estimating preference-based values of safety in three contexts—namely rail, domestic fires and fires in public places—relative to the corresponding value for roads using matching (or equivalence) questions. In addition, both studies included a variety of questions intended to shed light on respondents' perceptions of risk and attitudes to safety in the various contexts. While the two studies were, to all intents and purposes, identical in the procedure that they employed, the essential difference between them was that the first study took place in late 1998, whereas the second study was carried out in early 2000 in the aftermath of a major rail accident at Ladbroke Grove near London's Paddington station which occurred in October 1999 and in which 29 passengers and 2 train drivers died. In addition, the second study sample was deliberately weighted to contain an above-average proportion of regular rail users. These studies demonstrated how certain factors which have been shown to affect people's perception of risk (see Slovic, P. (1992). In S. Krimsky and D. Golding (eds.), Social Theories of Risk, Westport, CT: Praeger, pp. 117–152) also affected our respondents' priorities over safety programs. The results also showed however, that the impact of these perceptions upon the trade-offs between preventing deaths in different hazard contexts was a good deal less pronounced than has been suggested by the value differentials that are currently implicit—and in some cases, explicit—in public policy making. 相似文献
7.
Jytte Seested Nielsen Susan Chilton Michael Jones-Lee Hugh Metcalf 《Journal of Risk and Uncertainty》2010,41(3):195-218
This paper reports the results of an empirical study investigating people’s preferences over three different types of perturbation
to their survival function, each perturbation generating the same gain in life expectancy. Preferences over the three different
perturbations were found to be distributed more or less evenly across the subject pool. Use of a novel experimental methodology
generated economically consistent and intuitively plausible responses to (necessarily) hypothetical questions concerning improvements
in life expectancy by first allowing respondents to gain experience while making similar choices in an incentivized setting
involving financial risk. The results demonstrate the potential for economic experiments to contribute to the development
of more robust methods for policy evaluation in domains where physical risk is an important factor. 相似文献
8.
9.
Rachel Baker Susan Chilton Michael Jones-Lee Hugh Metcalf 《Journal of Risk and Uncertainty》2008,36(2):125-138
This article examines the nature of the restrictions on the underlying social welfare function that would appear to be required
in order to justify the application of a “common” Value of Statistical Life (VSL) for any particular hazard within a given
society and considers the way in which the magnitude of this common VSL might relate to the values actually employed in practice.
The article also considers the question of whether, by contrast, discounts or premia might legitimately be applied to the
VSL in order to take account of factors such as age or current exposure to risk and explores the form that such discounts
or premia might reasonably take.
相似文献
Hugh MetcalfEmail: |
10.
The valuation of environmental benefits has been well researched in the forestry sector. This is not generally the case in the agriculture sector although schemes to compensate farmers for provision of officially defined environmental benefits are already in place throughout the European Union. This paper draws on empirical findings from forestry and deductions from economic theory to challenge the notion of the universality of such benefits. Empirical findings from forestry suggest recreational use value is location specific rather than widely spread. Household utility theory predicts zero willingness to pay to maintain the status quo level of a previously unpaid for environmental benefit (when provision is not perceived as under risk) but a positive willingness to pay for an increase. Thus, non use values cannot be attributed to the major part of existing commercial forestry area but to spatially restricted schemes such as additional afforestation or preservation of ancient natural woodlands. 相似文献