全文获取类型
收费全文 | 178篇 |
免费 | 9篇 |
专业分类
管理学 | 16篇 |
民族学 | 1篇 |
人口学 | 7篇 |
丛书文集 | 1篇 |
理论方法论 | 27篇 |
社会学 | 116篇 |
统计学 | 19篇 |
出版年
2021年 | 1篇 |
2019年 | 5篇 |
2018年 | 5篇 |
2017年 | 4篇 |
2016年 | 7篇 |
2015年 | 5篇 |
2014年 | 6篇 |
2013年 | 41篇 |
2012年 | 5篇 |
2011年 | 7篇 |
2010年 | 8篇 |
2009年 | 5篇 |
2008年 | 6篇 |
2007年 | 6篇 |
2006年 | 3篇 |
2005年 | 6篇 |
2004年 | 6篇 |
2003年 | 1篇 |
2002年 | 2篇 |
2001年 | 3篇 |
2000年 | 4篇 |
1999年 | 6篇 |
1997年 | 5篇 |
1996年 | 2篇 |
1995年 | 1篇 |
1994年 | 8篇 |
1993年 | 2篇 |
1992年 | 1篇 |
1991年 | 4篇 |
1990年 | 1篇 |
1989年 | 3篇 |
1987年 | 4篇 |
1986年 | 2篇 |
1985年 | 1篇 |
1983年 | 2篇 |
1982年 | 2篇 |
1981年 | 2篇 |
1980年 | 3篇 |
1979年 | 1篇 |
1977年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有187条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
2.
3.
Randall Lutter Linda Abbott Rick Becker Chris Borgert Ann Bradley Gail Charnley Susan Dudley Alan Felsot Nancy Golden George Gray Daland Juberg Mary Mitchell Nancy Rachman Lorenz Rhomberg Keith Solomon Stephen Sundlof Kate Willett 《Risk analysis》2015,35(2):186-192
Federal and other regulatory agencies often use or claim to use a weight of evidence (WoE) approach in chemical evaluation. Their approaches to the use of WoE, however, differ significantly, rely heavily on subjective professional judgment, and merit improvement. We review uses of WoE approaches in key articles in the peer‐reviewed scientific literature, and find significant variations. We find that a hypothesis‐based WoE approach, developed by Lorenz Rhomberg et al., can provide a stronger scientific basis for chemical assessment while improving transparency and preserving the appropriate scope of professional judgment. Their approach, while still evolving, relies on the explicit specification of the hypothesized basis for using the information at hand to infer the ability of an agent to cause human health impacts or, more broadly, affect other endpoints of concern. We describe and endorse such a hypothesis‐based WoE approach to chemical evaluation. 相似文献
4.
Australia's family law system continues to be plagued by serious delays. This article acknowledges the need for legal interventions in post‐separation parenting disputes in which individuals may be at risk, or in cases of genuine emergency. The article next contrasts cases involving significant risk or urgency with the many ‘ordinary’ (even if sometimes complex) post‐separation disputes over parenting in which these circumstances are not present. I argue that in such cases, legal advice, legally informed dispute processes, and court hearings are remnants from earlier attitudes to separation and divorce. These interventions are expensive, frequently destructive of ongoing parental relationships, and at their heart, inappropriate for considering the needs of children. They also divert time and resources from the critical investigative and legal decision‐making processes needed in urgent or risk‐related cases. I propose that legal narratives in ‘ordinary’ post‐separation parenting disputes be replaced by narratives focused on the main drivers of these disputes, which are invariably expressed in terms of relationship difficulties. Such narratives are amenable to facilitative, therapeutic, and systemic interventions aimed at achieving self‐determined resolutions. They contrast markedly with narratives reflecting common law notion of normative resolutions derived from the application of legal precedent. Key issues in the first section of the article are then teased out via the reflections of an imaginary separated parent in an ‘ordinary,’ albeit difficult and emotionally intense, dispute about how to care for the children. In the final section, I offer brief clinical and systemic reflections on past practice and on future narratives focused on individual self‐determination. 相似文献
5.
The paper explores the degree to which Indigenous groups perceive that resource management plans they develop are able to help deliver outcomes they seek through formal planning systems. It does this by a case study of practice in Aotearoa New Zealand. Some Indigenous groups are concerned they are being encouraged to devote considerable effort to production of major planning documents for use in interaction with environmental agencies, yet in practice, such plans can appear to have a limited role in bringing about desired change or affecting wider planning processes. The research contributes a New Zealand dimension to this international debate. 相似文献
6.
Gail Markle 《Symbolic Interaction》2014,37(2):246-263
The scientific community has pronounced climate change unequivocal and its consequences disastrous. Yet Americans' behavioral response to the global social problem of environmental degradation has been largely confined to the individual act of recycling. This article examines why Americans are not doing more to address climate change and other environmental issues. Taking a cognitive sociological perspective, I describe how Americans think about environmental issues and pro‐environmental behavior. I draw on Swidler's concept of a “cultural tool kit,” to examine the cultural narratives Americans use to account for the small amount of pro‐environmental behavior they perform. The act of recycling functions as a synecdoche for pro‐environmental behavior in general, allowing individuals to over‐claim the significance of a modest amount of pro‐environmental behavior. I argue that Americans' failure to engage with environmental issues at a collective level is rooted in the individualized culture of American environmentalism. 相似文献
7.
Gail Lewis 《Cultural Studies》2013,27(6):866-886
This article engages a discussion of Raymond Williams claim that culture is ordinary to explore some of the ways in which racializing culture is embedded in everyday interactions and processes of identification that found subjectivity. It argues that there is a pressing need for social policy analysts to come to grips with the mechanisms through which ‘culture’ comes to be racialized and an object/subject of governance and suggests that current, high-profile articulations of the ‘problems’ of multiculturalism, profoundly hinder such a development. 相似文献
8.
Biologically Motivated Cancer Risk Models 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
A two-stage dose response model is proposed for use in cancer risk assessment. The model assumes that transformation probabilities and cellular dynamics are exposure- and time-dependent. 相似文献
9.
OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this outcome measurement study was to determine the effectiveness of a work hardening program as measured by the participants' work status at three months after program completion. Predictors of successful return to work were explored. STUDY DESIGN: The sequential case series design was employed, and data were gathered at three points: the initial work hardening assessment, the discharge assessment, and three months post-discharge from the work hardening program. Seventy-nine participants were included. RESULTS: Eighty-two percent (82%) of the clients who completed a work hardening program reported that they were working in some capacity three months after program completion. They listed their employment status in 5 sub-categories. Significant predictors of employment included "single" marital status, lower perceived disability scores at program entry, reduction in reported pain during program duration, and funding source. CONCLUSION: Work hardening remains an effective treatment strategy which promotes successful return to the workplace. Ongoing analyses of these programs is imperative. 相似文献
10.
The importance of interval forecasts is reviewed. Several general approaches to calculating such forecasts are described and compared. They include the use of theoretical formulas based on a fitted probability model (with or without a correction for parameter uncertainty), various “approximate” formulas (which should be avoided), and empirically based, simulation, and resampling procedures. The latter are useful when theoretical formulas are not available or there are doubts about some model assumptions. The distinction between a forecasting method and a forecasting model is expounded. For large groups of series, a forecasting method may be chosen in a fairly ad hoc way. With appropriate checks, it may be possible to base interval forecasts on the model for which the method is optimal. It is certainly unsound to use a model for which the method is not optimal, but, strangely, this is sometimes done. Some general comments are made as to why prediction intervals tend to be too narrow in practice to encompass the required proportion of future observations. An example demonstrates the overriding importance of careful model specification. In particular, when data are “nearly nonstationary,” the difference between fitting a stationary and a nonstationary model is critical. 相似文献