Victimhood dissociation and conflict resolution: evidence from the Colombian peace plebiscite

Theory and Society - How does violence shape citizens’ preferences for conflict termination? The existing literature has argued that violence either begets sympathy for more violence or...     

PUBLIC SPENDING REALLOCATIONS AND ECONOMIC GROWTH ACROSS DIFFERENT INCOME LEVELS

This article examines the effects of public spending reallocations on economic growth. Assembling a disaggregated public spending dataset of 83 countries over the 1970–2011 period, we show that spending reallocations toward education, from health and social protection, have significant growth‐promoting effects across a wide range of countries' income levels. However, income heterogeneity matters, particularly when reallocations involve infrastructure spending. Specifically, a reallocation from this spending to education also promotes growth, albeit primarily when a country's income level is low. This occurs because the effects of infrastructure spending are particularly weak in low‐income countries, possibly due to the low quality of governance. (JEL O43, H50, O11)     

Female Migration and Child Occupation in Rural El Salvador

This article looks at the consequences of migration in terms of child education and child labor using a unique rural panel dataset for El Salvador. Results suggest gender differences in the consequences of migration on child activities that remain in El Salvador. While female migration tends to reduce child labor, both in domestic and non-domestic activities, male migration seems to stimulate it, in particular in terms of domestic labor. In contrast, while male migration has null or slightly positive impact in terms of school enrollment rates, female migration apparently reduces the likelihood that a particular child stays at school. Some of these results differ according to the gender of the child. The results do not seem to be driven by female migrants remitting more than males, but rather to alternative competing explanations, such as the existence of child–adult male labor substitution, differences in the use of remittances by gender of the recipient person, or limited ability to monitor funds when remitted by female migrants.     

Mindfulness and health behaviors in college students: The moderating role of sleep

Abstract

Objective: To examine the moderating effects of subjective sleep quality (SSQ) and sleep duration on the relationships between mindfulness and health behaviors (i.e. nutrition and exercise) among undergraduate students. The unique influence of the five facets (i.e. factors) of mindfulness (i.e. observing, describing, acting with awareness, nonreactivity to inner experience and nonjudging of inner experience) on students’ health behaviors was also explored. Participants: Three hundred fifty seven undergraduate students enrolled in U.S. colleges. Methods: Students completed an online survey. Hierarchical multiple regression analyses were conducted to determine whether SSQ moderated the relationship between mindfulness and nutrition behavior. Results: SSQ moderated the relationship between mindfulness and nutrition behavior. The observe facet of mindfulness was the most predictive of nutrition behavior, whereas the observe and describe facets were the most predictive of exercise behavior. Conclusions: Interventions that target mindfulness and sleep quality may help promote healthy eating and increased exercise engagement in college students.     

The language of (in)visibility: using in-between spaces as a vehicle for empowerment in the family

Drawing on 40 in-depth interviews with sexually nonconforming Latinas, this work looks at how these women negotiate family and achieve empowerment both through visibility and invisibility. This work explores the experiences of Latinas who verbally articulated their sexual nonconformity to their families as well as those who chose to maintain their relationships tacit. I offer that study participants found empowerment and agency not only through verbal articulation but also through tacit relationships and that sexually nonconforming Latinas inhabited an "in-between space" with their families that gave them the flexibility to pursue or not pursue visibility as they desired.     

Experiments in Producing Nonresponse Bias

While nonresponse rates in household surveys are increasingin most industrialized nations, the increasing rates do notalways produce nonresponse bias in survey estimates. The linkagebetween nonresponse rates and nonresponse bias arises from thepresence of a covariance between response propensity and thesurvey variables of interest. To understand the covariance term,researchers must think about the common influences on responsepropensity and the survey variable. Three variables appear tobe especially relevant in this regard: interest in the surveytopic, reactions to the survey sponsor, and the use of incentives.A set of randomized experiments tests whether those likely tobe interested in the stated survey topic participate at higherrates and whether nonresponse bias on estimates involving variablescentral to the survey topic is affected by this. The experimentsalso test whether incentives disproportionately increase theparticipation of those less interested in the topic. The experimentsshow mixed results in support of these key hypotheses.     

SPLITTING THE ACADEMY: The Emotions of Intersectionality at Work

Using labor market theory, we assess how we have constructed the teaching of required courses on diversity, with the potential splitting of the academy into distinctive labor markets. In‐depth interviews with instructors of color and nonminorities who teach required diversity‐education courses at a predominately white university are qualitatively assessed and describe the differences in the emotional labor attached to this segmented academic market. We identify specific dimensions of diversity teaching that attach to the job conditions of secondary labor markets, including the distortion of work loads and evidence of differential barriers in the emotional labor attached. These labor market conditions may structurally limit opportunities for career survival and advancement of minority and female instructors.     

Rao distance as a measure of influence in the multivariate linear model

Several methods have been suggested to detect influential observations in the linear regression model and a number of them have been extended for the multivariate regression model. In this article we consider the multivariate general linear model, Y = XB + k , which contains the linear regression model and the multivariate regression model as particular cases. Assuming that the random disturbances are normally distributed, the BLUE of v B is also normally distributed. Since the distribution of the BLUE of v B and the distribution of the BLUE of v B in the model with the omission of a set of observations differ, to study the influence that a set of observations has on the BLUE of v B , we propose to measure the distance between both distributions. To do this we use Rao distance.