Decision-usefulness of ideal cost- and ideal value accounting for valuation and stewardship

This paper contrasts the decision-usefulness of prototype accounting regimes based on perfect accounting for value, i.e. ideal value accounting (IVA), and perfect matching of cost, i.e. ideal cost accounting (ICA). The regimes are analyzed in the context of a firm with overlapping capacity investments where projects earn excess returns and residual income is utilized as performance indicator. Provided that IVA and ICA systematically differ based on the criterion of unconditional conservatism, we assess their respective decision-usefulness for different valuation- and stewardship-scenarios. Assuming that addressees solely observe current accounting data of the firm, ICA provides information which is useful for valuation and stewardship without reservation whereas IVA entails problems under specific assumptions.     

德国高校入学条件综述

通过分析德国高校的入学条件和学生遴选可知,原则上,任何在德国通过文理中学毕业考试(Abitur)的人都有权在德国自由选择高校和专业.然而,如果高校的申请者人数太多,那么可以设置限制性的录取条件,并根据相关标准遴选学生.这些标准包括文理中学毕业考试(Abitur)成绩和个别科目成绩、特定专业的能力测试、职业经验、青少年竞...