Cross‐Sectional Psychological and Demographic Associations of Zika Knowledge and Conspiracy Beliefs Before and After Local Zika Transmission

Perceptions of infectious diseases are important predictors of whether people engage in disease‐specific preventive behaviors. Having accurate beliefs about a given infectious disease has been found to be a necessary condition for engaging in appropriate preventive behaviors during an infectious disease outbreak, while endorsing conspiracy beliefs can inhibit preventive behaviors. Despite their seemingly opposing natures, knowledge and conspiracy beliefs may share some of the same psychological motivations, including a relationship with perceived risk and self‐efficacy (i.e., control). The 2015–2016 Zika epidemic provided an opportunity to explore this. The current research provides some exploratory tests of this topic derived from two studies with similar measures, but different primary outcomes: one study that included knowledge of Zika as a key outcome and one that included conspiracy beliefs about Zika as a key outcome. Both studies involved cross‐sectional data collections that occurred during the same two periods of the Zika outbreak: one data collection prior to the first cases of local Zika transmission in the United States (March–May 2016) and one just after the first cases of local transmission (July–August). Using ordinal logistic and linear regression analyses of data from two time points in both studies, the authors show an increase in relationship strength between greater perceived risk and self‐efficacy with both increased knowledge and increased conspiracy beliefs after local Zika transmission in the United States. Although these results highlight that similar psychological motivations may lead to Zika knowledge and conspiracy beliefs, there was a divergence in demographic association.     

试论活化信贷资产存量的难点与对策

信贷资产质量是商业银行生存和发展的命脉 ,如何优化信贷资产 ,尤其是盘活存量资产 ,化解金融风险 ,是金融界乃至整个社会普遍关心的热点问题 ,也是学术界研究的重要课题。本文试以商业银行现行实际为切实点 ,在浅析不良资产的成因和盘活存量资产中的难点问题的同时 ,提出了活化存量信贷资产的一些对策建议。     

论我国企业编制"增值表"的现实必要性

增值表确能提供相当有用的财务信息 ,它丰富了企业对外报表的内容 ,借鉴国外有关社会责任会计的理论和方法 ,编制有中国特色的增值表 ,不仅必要 ,而且势在必行     

一种新型的共面耦合带线

提出了一种新型的传输线，共面耦合带线用于ＭＭＩＣ设计，其准静态参数可通过保角变换法而获得。数据结果显示了这种传输线的性质。     

国外失业保障制度改革与发展

失业保障是整个社会保障制度体系中与社会经济发展关系最为密切的部分,它的制度设计将直接影响就业状况,在调整经济波动和维护社会稳定方面的作用也不容忽视。本文采用定性和定量相结合的方法详细分析国际失业保障制度发展状况和主流趋势,希望能对我国失业保障制度的改革和完善提供一些借鉴。发展概况世界社会保障的发展一直呈现地区和项目的不平衡。目前世界上建立起了约75个正式的独立的失业保障制度,这     

现代管理学派的企业传播观念

现代管理学派兴盛时期是现代企业传播理论的发展时期.代表人物及观念有:巴纳德及其正式组织--"社会"系统三要素、非正式组织的三种作用、权威的接受理论、经理人员信息交流中心说;卡斯特与罗森茨韦克和他们的沟通、影响、冲突,管理决策信息系统理论;德鲁克与戴尔及他们的从实际出发--通过经常不断的沟通进行激励的理念等等.     

理性为什么被邪恶击败?——读戈尔丁的《蝇王》

《蝇王》自1954年发表以来,大多数有关评论集中讨论了该书的性恶论及其对现代世界的哲学、社会和政治含义。本文在进一步探讨《蝇王》的性恶论主题的基础上,着重分析了它的理性和赎救主题,指出被一般评论所忽视的人物形象西蒙不仅是一个传统意义上的救世主形象,而且这一形象蕴含着现代人理性的泯灭和理想人格的隐退乃至消逝;《蝇王》的根本寓义并不在于人性邪恶的本身,而在于同邪恶抗争的必要性和紧迫性。     

The Aversion to Tampering with Nature (ATN) Scale: Individual Differences in (Dis)comfort with Altering the Natural World

People differ in their comfort with tampering with the natural world. Although some see altering nature as a sign of human progress, others see it as dangerous or hubristic. Across four studies, we investigate discomfort with tampering with the natural world. To do so, we develop the Aversion to Tampering with Nature (ATN) Scale, a short scale that is the first to directly measure this discomfort. We identify six activities that people believe tamper with nature (geoengineering, genetically modified organisms, pesticides, cloning, gene therapy, and nanoparticles) and show that ATN scores are associated with opposition to these activities. Furthermore, the ATN Scale predicts actual behavior: donations to an anti-tampering cause. We demonstrate that ATN is related to previously identified constructs including trust in technology, naturalness bias, purity values, disgust sensitivity, aversion to playing God, and environmental beliefs and values. By illuminating who is concerned about tampering with nature and what predicts these beliefs, the ATN Scale provides opportunities to better understand public opposition to technological innovations, consumer preferences for “natural” products, and strategies for science communication.     

Conceptualizing reflection in experience-based workplace learning

This paper seeks to understand key dimensions of reflection in experience-based workplace learning for research being collaboratively undertaken by scholars in Dutch and US research institutions. We systematically explore and compare Tara Fenwick’s analysis of five perspectives on cognition to distinguish among constructivist, psychoanalytic, situative, critical-cultural, and enactivist perspectives on reflection. Our aim is to examine how to conceptualize reflection so that one or more perspectives can complement our understanding of learning through experience at work. We position reflection not only from a practical but also from a theoretical perspective that moves beyond the individual focus of the constructivist perspective. Fenwick’s five perspectives are described in terms of whether and how reflection is utilized, key activities in the process of reflection, relative focus on the individual and/or the context, triggers for reflection, role of power and positionality, role of emotions, and reflection outcomes. We conclude that adding other lenses to the dominant constructivist perspective helps expand our understanding of reflection as well as identify and attend to other tools, people, and factors in the work situation that influence reflection processes and learning outcomes. The paper closes with a discussion of promising new approaches that have emerged since Fenwick’s analysis.