内涵、贡献与启示:陈嘉庚卫生观的当代解读

陈嘉庚对卫生问题有高度的认识,其卫生观表现在考察祖国的卫生状况、撰写和赠送卫生专论、提出注重卫生的主张建议、以石雕形式宣传卫生知识四个方面.陈嘉庚卫生观增强了祖国民众的卫生健康认识自觉,改善了家乡厦门的医疗卫生条件.陈嘉庚卫生观与当代"健康中国战略"有一定的关联,对于当前我们在国内普及卫生健康知识,在国际上交流卫生建设经验、促进全球人类健康等都有现实启示.     

基于TOPSIS熵权法的城市韧性评价及韧性建设路径研究——以安徽省为例

城市需要足够的韧性以应对复杂多变的外部环境.高质量发展背景下,统筹规划城市韧性建设对城市可持续健康发展具有重要意义.采用TOPSIS熵权法模型测度2011-2018年期间安徽省各地级市韧性评价值,构建韧性城市评价指标体系,分析安徽各城市韧性演化情况.安徽16个地级市的平均韧性水平随时间呈上升趋势,暂不存在区域间城市韧性发展不平衡问题.结合韧性城市建设的总体思路和要求,安徽各城市应不断优化城市的空间结构,增强城市在经济、社会和基础设施等领域的韧性水平.     

随机需求环境下联产品系统价格与产量决策研究

基于固定比例生产技术和多产品随机需求的情形,研究了联产品制造商的两阶段产量和价格联合优化模型。通过反向倒推的优化求解,得到了联产品制造商的最优产量和价格决策以及变化规律。同时研究了需求服从均匀分布时,需求波动对均衡的影响。研究结果表明,在订货成本较低和一种产品的需求波动性较大时,当另外一种产品的波动增大,则该产品的最优订货量增大,同时价格下降。借助数值仿真,分析了价格敏感度和产出比例对最优决策和利润的影响。结果表明,在给定一种产品的价格敏感度时,另外一种的价格敏感度越大,那么该产品的价格就越低,制造商的订货量就下降。当一种产品的产出比例固定时,另一种产品的产出比例上升时,则该产品的价格下降,制造商的订货量下降,总利润上升。     

Deaf and disabled? (Un)Employment of deaf people in Belgium: a comparison of eighteenth-century and nineteenth-century cohorts

In this article, the employment characteristics of pre-industrial and industrial cohorts of deaf men and women are compared with each other, as well as with a cohort of non-disabled siblings. The aim is to determine the extent to which the employment patterns of deaf persons lined up with those of non-disabled people and to see how nineteenth-century industrialization processes influenced their employment opportunities. This article challenges the widely held assumption that the nineteenth century constituted a definitive break by arguing that the professional lives of deaf people were not necessarily better before industrialization. Moreover, I demonstrate that the development of deaf schools in the course of the nineteenth century opened a new range of career opportunities for deaf individuals.     

指数函数和对数函数的高精度快速算法

指数、对数函数的数值计算是一种最基本的算术操作,研究其快速算法,对于科学计算、数据处理,尤其是要求运算精度很高的实时控制系统,有着非常重要的意义.通过数值分析,考虑到精度要求较高,计算量和数表的存储空间这三个因素,结合计算和查表的方法给出了一些基本函数的快速算法.另外,还介绍了改进的高精度快速算法并演示了详细的计算过程.得出精度越高,内存越大,相应的操作速度却没有下降。     

不停车顶尖的设计及应用

不停车顶尖是一种专用夹具,用在车床上取代卡盘来夹紧实心轴类零件进行车削加工,应用不停车顶尖可以从轴的一端一次性加工到另一端,解决了在加工轴类零件时需要停止车床来调头车削加工另一端的问题,减少了加工工序,保证了加工轴的精度和同轴度,降低了工人的劳动强度和加工难度,避免了车床电机的频繁启动,延长机床的使用寿命,经济效益非常显著。     

Understanding Cumulative Risk Perception from Judgments and Choices: An Application to Flood Risks

Catastrophic events, such as floods, earthquakes, hurricanes, and tsunamis, are rare, yet the cumulative risk of each event occurring at least once over an extended time period can be substantial. In this work, we assess the perception of cumulative flood risks, how those perceptions affect the choice of insurance, and whether perceptions and choices are influenced by cumulative risk information. We find that participants' cumulative risk judgments are well represented by a bimodal distribution, with a group that severely underestimates the risk and a group that moderately overestimates it. Individuals who underestimate cumulative risks make more risk‐seeking choices compared to those who overestimate cumulative risks. Providing explicit cumulative risk information for relevant time periods, as opposed to annual probabilities, is an inexpensive and effective way to improve both the perception of cumulative risk and the choices people make to protect against that risk.     

两汉孙吴会稽郡诸部都尉考

The commander was mainlu in charge of the army in the local administration system during the Han Dynasty to the Sunwu Period. As the border prefectures were important in military defense, the armies of these prefectures were commonly divided into parts. Therefore, the army of Kuaiji Prefecture were divided into West Section Duwei, East Section Duwei and South Section Duwei. The West and East Section Duweis were founded for the purpose of suppressing the adherents of Yuyue as well as the Minyue and Ouyue people in the southeast coastline. In demand of securing the safety of the ship routes alongside the southeast coastline, the East Section Duwei migrated frequently within the area. In the meantime, the foundation of South Section Duwei was the result of the Sunwu government suppressing the local force and pillaging the labor resources in a partition background     

基于一级学科的公安学建设水平管窥——以国家社科基金立项数据为研究视角

公安学作为国家一级学科,建设已有三年时间,对建设水平进行学理评估研究很有必要。学科建设实践表明,一个学科的发展成熟,与一个个基金项目研究并产生一系列重大科研成果不无关系。以全国哲学社会科学规划办公室网站和国家社科基金数据库中与"公安学"主题相关的180个有效样本为对象,对国家一级学科公安学建设状况进行论证性分析,获得如下结论:国家社科基金对公安学研究项目资助力度空前,普通高校是研究主力军,研究的跨学科性和多学科融合特征明显,大体属于应用对策性研究等。