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1.
Björg Thordardottir Agneta Malmgren Fänge Carlos Chiatti 《Journal of Housing for the Elderly》2019,33(1):41-55
Housing adaptation aims to enable clients to live independently in their own homes. Studies focusing on participation in everyday life following a housing adaptation are lacking and needed. This study aimed to explore housing adaptation clients' experiences of participation in everyday life before and after a housing adaptation, through the lens of a housing adaptation, using a qualitative follow-up design, with 11 participants. It was found that when the housing adaptation met the participants' needs, performance of activities improved and the housing adaptation opened doors to engagement and participation in everyday life. Thus, focus on performance and engagement in everyday life at the onset of the housing adaptation process, combined with regular follow-ups, may enhance participation. 相似文献
2.
Becoming alone in old age can be a decisive life event that brings major changes depending on various causes as health status, financial resources, family situation, and available welfare services. This article discusses the situation of older people in Sweden who have transitioned from a two-person to single-person household in recent years and what impact this might have on their everyday lives. Through in-depth interviews with 18 older people, age 67–90, their experiences about life conditions and opportunities were examined. Findings showed large differences between the men and women. They all tried to live as they always had done and they used the same personal life strategies that they always had. But the men could live as before on their own financial merits, while the women needed assistance from children, grandchildren and the welfare system. Transportation options were central and clearly related to both private economy and social services available. Shortcomings in the welfare state's way of caring for the elderly were clearly uncovered. The gap between social policy promises of opportunities for autonomy and independence to live an active life in old age and the everyday reality for older people still seems to be wide. 相似文献
3.
Two-stage designs offer substantial advantages for early phase II studies. The interim analysis following the first stage allows the study to be stopped for futility, or more positively, it might lead to early progression to the trials needed for late phase II and phase III. If the study is to continue to its second stage, then there is an opportunity for a revision of the total sample size. Two-stage designs have been implemented widely in oncology studies in which there is a single treatment arm and patient responses are binary. In this paper the case of two-arm comparative studies in which responses are quantitative is considered. This setting is common in therapeutic areas other than oncology. It will be assumed that observations are normally distributed, but that there is some doubt concerning their standard deviation, motivating the need for sample size review. The work reported has been motivated by a study in diabetic neuropathic pain, and the development of the design for that trial is described in detail. 相似文献
4.
Corine Dijk Agneta H. Fischer Nexhmedin Morina Charlotte van Eeuwijk Gerben A. van Kleef 《Journal of Nonverbal Behavior》2018,42(1):81-99
Socially anxiety may be related to a different pattern of facial mimicry and contagion of others’ emotions. We report two studies in which participants with different levels of social anxiety reacted to others’ emotional displays, either shown on a computer screen (Study 1) or in an actual social interaction (Study 2). Study 1 examined facial mimicry and emotional contagion in response to displays of happiness, anger, fear, and contempt. Participants mimicked negative and positive emotions to some extent, but we found no relation between mimicry and the social anxiety level of the participants. Furthermore, socially anxious individuals were more prone to experience negative emotions and felt more irritated in response to negative emotion displays. In Study 2, we found that social anxiety was related to enhanced mimicry of smiling, but this was only the case for polite smiles and not for enjoyment smiles. These results suggest that socially anxious individuals tend to catch negative emotions from others, but suppress their expression by mimicking positive displays. This may be explained by the tendency of socially anxious individuals to avoid conflict or rejection. 相似文献
5.
Esther Jakobs Antony S. R. Manstead Agneta H. Fischer 《Journal of Nonverbal Behavior》1996,20(2):123-142
This study examines the relationship between the social context of events and emotional experience. For each of six emotions four different vignettes were devised. Two of these four events took place in private circumstances and two in public. Furthermore, the sociality of each situation was systematically varied, and subjects were presented with situations framed in one of three social contexts: alone, in the presence of a stranger, or in the presence of a friend. Subjects were asked for self-reports of emotional state, evaluations of pleasantness and loneliness, perceived ability to cope with negative situations, and the likelihood that they would share the emotional experience with another person. Anger was the only emotion that varied as a function of the social context manipulation, and this effect disappeared when evaluations of social context were controlled for. However, for all emotions, the intensity of experience differed between private and public situations, suggesting that sociality and emotionality are related at a more global level. 相似文献
6.
Maria Söderberg Agneta Ståhl Ulla Melin Emilsson 《European Journal of Social Work》2015,18(3):325-339
By applying a theoretical point of departure, the overarching aim of this article is to describe, analyze, and try to understand why care managers in their everyday occupational practice normalize the restrictive approach when older people consider relocation to a residential home. While earlier research to a large extent has drawn attention to how the care managers carry out the restrictive approach, this article pays attention to the circumstances paving its way. The focus is on influences from different sociological levels, thereby ‘stratified’, and from two aspects of discretion, where ‘structural aspects’ refer to choices between permitted alternatives and ‘epistemic aspects’ to practical reasoning under conditions of indeterminacy. With this combination, a multitude of circumstances contributing to the restrictive approach is revealed. Thus, the theoretical model includes levels as well as discretionary powers where formulas constitute the foundation at each level, subsequently related to multidisciplinary references in order to get the practice into perspective. The findings show that the priority given to home-based care in contrast to residential care is repeated and confirmed at each level and besides in an interchange between structural and epistemic aspects. 相似文献
7.
Anke Müller-Peters Roland Pepermans Guido Kiell Nicole Battaglia Suzanne Beckmann Carole Burgoyne Minoo Farhangmehr Gustavo Guzman Erich Kirchler Cordula Koenen Flora Kokkinaki Mary Lambkin Dominique Lassarre Francois-Regis Lenoir Roberto Luna-Arocas Agneta Marell Katja Meier Johanna Moisander Guido Ortona Ismael Quintanilla David Routh Francesco Scacciati Liisa Uusitalo Yvonne M. van Everdingen W. Fred van Raaij Richard Wahlund 《Journal of Economic Psychology》1998,19(6):663-680
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Johansson A Grant JE Kim SW Odlaug BL Götestam KG 《Journal of gambling studies / co-sponsored by the National Council on Problem Gambling and Institute for the Study of Gambling and Commercial Gaming》2009,25(1):67-92
This article is a critical review of risk factors for pathological gambling categorized by demographics, physiological and
biological factors, cognitive distortions, comorbidity and concurrent symptoms, and personality symptoms and characteristics.
There is also a varia section (availability, parents playing, sensory characteristics, schedules of reinforcement, age of
onset, and playing duration). The review found very few well established risk factors for pathological gambling (i.e. more
than two studies to support the conclusions). Well established risk factors included demographic variables (age, gender),
cognitive distortions (erroneous perceptions, illusion of control), sensory characteristics, schedules of reinforcement, comorbid
disorders (OCD, drug abuse), and delinquency/illegal acts. An understanding of risk factors for pathological gambling should
enhance prevention and treatment approaches. 相似文献
10.
In this article the authors examine different ways of organizing and financing pension systems in China, France, Ghana, Jordan,
Mexico, Poland, and Sweden. They explore the advantages and disadvantages of the combinations of different features with special
reference to gender differences. Men and women have different patterns of work history, with women usually having a lower
participation rate in the formal labor market, including interrupted career in response to child rearing, as well as lower
wages in general. Women have a longer life expectancy than men and are more likely to become widows than men are to become
widowers. These differences influence the financial resources available to women in old age, depending on how a pension system
is designed. 相似文献