What’s in a Name? The Negative Implications of Gender Neutrality in the Intimate Partner Violence Prevention and Intervention Literature

Research and interventions for intimate partner violence in current use largely consist of practices aimed at getting victims to leave their abusers, rather than helping perpetrators stop their violence. In the context of parenthood, the focus on programs targeting women experiencing violence has resulted in an emphasis on mothers’ responsibility for mitigating the adverse effects of witnessing violence on children. This has led to insufficient understanding of violent men’s identities as fathers. This narrative review employed content analysis to analyze the discursive constructions of men and women as parents in a selection of peer reviewed articles about the prevention of intimate partner violence during childbearing years that were published between January 2000 and January 2015 (N = 37). A quantitative word count was conducted in order to determine the frequency with which these articles referred to men and women in their parental roles when employing prevention and intervention strategies. Women were consistently identified as mothers in all areas of the literature, while the prevalence of men’s identities as fathers was confined only to the specific, specialized area of the literature that is aimed at men alone. The implications of these findings for future research and practice in the area of prevention and intervention of intimate partner violence specifically in the context of parenthood are discussed.     

Examining Sex Differences in the Use of Direct and Indirect Aggression

Direct and indirect aggressive behaviors were studied using surveys and interviews of students in two public schools. The variables of “sex-of-aggressor” and “sex-of-target” were included. Claims in previous research that girls engage in far more indirect aggression than boys are not supported. Further, it was found that girls are more likely to target the opposite sex with direct aggression than boys. This suggests more gender fluidity in the use of aggression by girls and adds to a growing body of research that dispels the notion that direct and indirect aggression can be neatly sorted into male and female categories of behavior.

The Voice Effect of Unions: Evidence from the US

Union voice is part responsible for the increased provision of fringe benefits to union workers and is particularly responsible for the redistribution of benefits towards the preferences of the average union worker. Family friendly benefits are valued more by females so union voice should increase the likelihood that provision of family friendly benefits increases in female dominated union workplaces. Individual level data from the US is used to examine whether union voice exists in this capacity. The paper’s results suggest that female dominated workplaces do tend to have increased access to most family friendly benefits, serving as further evidence that union voice exists in the US.     

Buyer–Supplier Performance: The Role of Asset Specificity,Reciprocal Investments and Relational Exchange

This paper argues that the extent and balance of transaction specific assets, and the presence of relational norms in a buyer–supplier relationship are important factors affecting partnership performance. Hypotheses were tested using data from 393 manufacturing firms. Results revealed that while specific investments by one participant in the relationship negatively impacted the indicators of performance, offsetting investments by the other party effectively increased performance. Relational-exchange elements were positively related to performance.     

Der Einfluss von Neuproduktvorankündigungen auf den Shareholder Value: Eine empirische Untersuchung

This paper analyses 220 preannouncements of new products and their effect on shareholder value on American and European stock markets. Overall, the results show a positive significant reaction of abnormal returns on preannouncements. Additionally, determinants of the strength of the shareholder value effect are analyzed. Whereas market-related (country and industry) and preannouncement-related factors (detailedness of preannouncement, mentioning a launch date, and the preannouncement of multiple products) do not have an influence on the size of the effect, company-related and product-related factors can explain the magnitude of the reaction. Our model extends prior empirical literature by showing a higher explained variance of the strength of the shareholder value effect. In particular, there exists a negative relationship between company size and abnormal returns and return on equity and abnormal returns, whereas the newness of the product for the market has a positive influence on abnormal returns.     

Gender role perspectives and job burnout

Review of Economics of the Household - Women are more likely than men to report physical and emotional exhaustion related to paid work. While this gender gap in job burnout is common in the...     

The Role of Firm Size and Performance Pay in Determining Employee Job Satisfaction Brief: Firm Size,Performance Pay,and Job Satisfaction

Abstract. Job satisfaction reflects the on‐the‐job utility of workers and has been found to influence both the behavior of workers and the productivity of firms. Performance pay remains popular and widely used to increase worker productivity and more generally align the objectives of workers and firms. Yet, its impact on job satisfaction is ambiguous. Whereas the increased earnings increase job satisfaction, the increased effort and risk decreases job satisfaction. This paper finds empirical evidence that on net performance pay increases job satisfaction but does so largely among union workers and males in larger firms.