中国人口老龄化区域溢出与分布差异的空间计量经济学研究

将空间因素纳入我国人口老龄化问题的研究框架,对各地区人口老龄化的空间分布特征进行概括和探索性空间数据分析,利用空间计量经济学理论方法和空间误差模型,对各要素影响作用的方向和大小进行实证研究,最后得出综合结论和政策建议。除老龄化惯性、人口增长以外,首次对人口老龄化区域溢出机制进行了重点阐述。我国人口老龄化区域溢出作用不仅客观存在,而且影响显著,这一发现从空间维度拓宽了研究视野,为我国人口老龄化问题理论研究和政策制定提供了有益的借鉴。     

Believing Not Seeing: A Blind Phenomenology of Sexed Bodies

Vision plays a privileged role in social interaction and the construction of intersubjective reality. Given that one of sociology's tasks is to problematize the taken for granted, research that examines rarely foregrounded non‐visual modes of sensory perception is a powerful resource. This article draws on twenty‐seven interviews that explore blind people's perceptions of male and female bodies. I highlight several distinctive features of non‐visual sex attribution (salience, speed, and diachronicity), and argue that conceptions of sex as “self‐evident” primarily reflect visual perception. These findings suggest the need to explore the sociology of perception as a new approach to the sociology of the body, and more broadly highlight the role of sensory perception in the social construction of reality.     

长期外出流动人口的养老境遇:基于停留预期与社保参与状况的分析

流动人口的社会保障问题一直以来备受社会各界的广泛关注。本文运用国家人口计生委2010年实施的106个城市流动人口监测调查数据,对停留在流入城市达10年及以上的流动人口这一最先迈入老龄阶段的群体,就其人口社会特征和停留预期与养老境遇进行重点分析。总体而言,长期外出流动人口显示有长期停留之预期,但社会保险的参与状况却令人堪忧。此外,不同人口社会特征的长期外出流动人口,其长期停留预期和社保参与状况存在一定差别。     

对高校图书馆“图企合作”创新战略的思考

根据目前中小企业信息不畅,资料、设备陈旧的现状,高校图书馆与中小企业合作是一个新思路.高校图书馆可以给中小企业提供全方位的信息服务,中小企业根据所获信息,开发产品,占有市场,从而获得可观的经济效益,同时给高校图书馆以一定的回报.这是互惠互利的双赢服务战略.     

‘I am not poor. Poor children live in Africa’: Social identity and children's perspectives on growing up in contexts of poverty and deprivation in the Netherlands

This study focuses on problems children living in contexts of poverty face in daily life and how they perceive poverty. Findings are based on research with children (8–12 years) from impoverished areas in the Netherlands. Besides the problems as identified by the children, such as the poor quality of playgrounds and the lack of money for activities, we identified a striking paradox, namely the taboo on or denial of poverty versus the pervasiveness of poverty. To understand and handle this contradiction, we reflect on representation of children growing up in contexts of poverty through a social identity framework.     

Comparisons of flux-based stemflow enrichment ratios for two Quercus spp. within the megalopolis of the eastern USA

Throughfall and stemflow serve as two important transport mechanisms for water and solutes in urban forests, though these fluxes are seldom quantified within cities. This study is the first to utilize two flux-based enrichment ratios for stemflow to characterize spatial patterns in water and solute distribution in urban forest fragments. Using event-based, in situ sampling, this study quantified stemflow enrichment for Quercus rubra (northern red oak) and Quercus alba (white oak) trees relative to open precipitation (E_P,B) and throughfall (E_T,B) per unit trunk basal area for dissolved Ca, K, Mg, Mn, NO₃-N, and S. The study investigated variability in nutrient enrichment at the fragment, municipal, and regional scales. Among all solutes, observations for E_P,B and E_T,B for Q. rubra and Q. alba were generally lowest for Mg and highest for Mn and K. Significant intra-urban variability in stemflow enrichment was limited to E_P,B of K and E_T,B of Ca (p?<?0.05), while trans-regional variability in stemflow enrichment consistently indicated higher E_P,B and E_T,B in more highly developed portions of the study region. At the fragment scale, E_P,B and E_T,B for Q. rubra was consistently higher than for Q. alba, with variability in these observations significant for all solutes. For example, interspecific variability in E_P,B was greatest for K, where median values ranged from 2.8?±?29.7 in Q. alba to 87.1?±?97.1 in Q. rubra. While observations for E_T,B were generally lower than those for E_P,B, observations for Q. rubra also consistently exceeded those for Q. alba, with median values for K ranging from 1.5?±?0.5 to 21.9?±?3.1 for Q. alba and Q. rubra, respectively. Findings were likely driven by variability in biophysical characteristics between the two species (e.g., bark morphology). Further, findings indicate that species heterogeneity within the urban forest contributes to significant variability in nutrient (and possibly pollutant) transport and fate via throughfall and stemflow below the canopy, with subsequent impacts on urban forest biogeochemistry.

     

‘I Eat the Vegetables because I Have Grown them with My Own Hands’: Children's Perspectives on School Gardening and Vegetable Consumption

Inadequate vegetable consumption is a global public health concern related to numerous health risks. A promising intervention to increase children's vegetable consumption is school gardening, although earlier studies have shown mixed results. This study explores how gardening might contribute to changed attitudes towards eating vegetables from a child's perspective. Findings are based on qualitative research with children in Amsterdam, the Netherlands. We reflect on how children enact agency regarding their vegetables. Results show that children report that changes occur in their attitudes towards vegetables as they not only eat more vegetables but also advocate the consumption of vegetables at home.     

The Quality of Male Fertility Data in Major U.S. Surveys

Researchers continue to question fathers’ willingness to report their biological children in surveys and the ability of surveys to adequately represent fathers. To address these concerns, this study evaluates the quality of men’s fertility data in the 1979 and 1997 cohorts of the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth (NLSY79 and NLSY97) and in the 2002 National Survey of Family Growth (NSFG). Comparing fertility rates in each survey with population rates based on data from Vital Statistics and the U.S. Census Bureau, we document how the incomplete reporting of births in different surveys varies according to men’s characteristics, including their age, race, marital status, and birth cohort. In addition, we use Monte Carlo simulations based on the NSFG data to demonstrate how birth underreporting biases associations between early parenthood and its antecedents. We find that in the NSFG, roughly four out of five early births were reported; but in the NLSY79 and NLSY97, almost nine-tenths of early births were reported. In all three surveys, incomplete reporting was especially pronounced for nonmarital births. Our results suggest that the quality of male fertility data is strongly linked to survey design and that it has implications for models of early male fertility.