Out in the Open: Elected Female Leadership in Canada's First Nations Community

Au Canada, la Loi sur les Indiens interdisait aux femmes d'occuper des postes de leadership élus dans la gouvernance des réserves indiennes jusqu'en 1951. Cet article examine la situation des femmes dans la gouvernance des réserves et présente une analyse des femmes autochtones qui ont occupé des postes de chefs et de conseiller de bande à travers le Canada. L'auteur utilise l'approche «interactionist» basée sur le genre d'Amy Wharton pour explorer la situation sociale et politique exceptionnelle des dirigeantes. Est‐ce que le genre sexuel joue un rôle dans leur expérience de dirigeantes? The Indian Act banned women from elected leadership positions in reserve politics in Canada until 1951. This paper locates women in reserve politics and provides an analysis of the First Nations women who served as chiefs and councilors across Canada. Amy Wharton's gender‐based Interactionist Approach is used to explore the leaders' unique social and political situation. Does gender make a difference in their experiences as leader?     

RETURNS TO INVESTORS IN STOCKS IN NEW INDUSTRIES

We examine investors' returns from publicly traded stock in new industries associated with major changes in transportation and communication in the United States. Return distributions during the development of own‐brand personal computers, airlines, airplane and automobile manufacturers, railroads, and telegraphs reveal three general characteristics. A few companies generate outstanding returns, many firms fail, and returns are volatile. Firms' expected returns are higher than market returns for three of the five industries. Sharpe ratios and Jensen's alphas for portfolios of each new industry indicate that portfolios of stocks in firms in new industries are not an obvious bad deal. (JEL G1, G12, N2, N21, N22)