Significant Factors of Aviation Insurance and Risk Management Strategy: An Empirical Study of Taiwanese Airline Carriers

Aviation insurance premiums have become a heavy burden for the airline industry since September 11, 2001. Although the industry must constantly balance its operations between profitability and safety, the reality is that airlines are in the business of making money. Therefore, their ability to reduce cost and manage risk is a key factor for success. Unlike past research, which used subjective judgment methods, this study applied quantitative historical data (1999–2000) and gray relation analysis to identify the primary factors influencing ratemaking for aviation insurance premiums. An empirical study of six airlines in Taiwan was conducted to determine these factors and to analyze the management strategies used to deal with them. Results showed that the loss experience and performance of individual airlines were the key elements associated with aviation insurance premiums paid by each airline. By identifying and understanding the primary factors influencing ratemaking for aviation insurance, airlines will better understand their relative operational strengths and weaknesses, and further help top management identify areas for further improvement. Knowledge of these factors combined with effective risk management strategies, may result in lower premiums and operating costs for airline companies.     

大写大泼融大雅大挥大洒求大新——马书林先生水墨京剧人物赏析

在中国文化领域里,水墨画堪称神州之精粹,京剧则被视为华夏的瑰宝,誉它们为国粹国宝实不为过.将此二者天衣无缝地融为一体,来展示中华民族文化之夺目绚丽的第一人,当属马书林.     

离子晶体外表面束缚极化子

本文计及表面光学声子的作用以及像电荷的作用,采用变分方法对一些材料外表面束缚极化子的基态能量和自陷能作了数值计算,并对结果进行了讨论,发现:对于Ⅰ—Ⅶ、Ⅱ—Ⅵ,Ⅲ—Ⅴ化合物的外表面,均可形成稳定的束缚极化子,且由于表面光学声子的作用,使这一杂质态更加稳定。     

论郭绍虞的《诗话丛话》

郭绍虞的<诗话丛话>是我国第一部以诗话形式论述诗话之体的著述.<诗话丛话>对数以千计的中国诗话进行了系统的总体研究,以宏观审视与微观分析相结合的方法,将零散杂芜的中国诗话之话予以梳理,使之体系化、类别化,不愧是诗话研究的拓荒之作,对诗话研究具有里程碑式的意义.     

转型社会·过渡事件·制度安排——关于青年向成年过渡研究的社会学思考

青年过渡是指由青年向成年的过渡，是个体社会化的一个重要阶段。在市场经济条件下，青年向成年过渡的人生事件，并不都是平稳、顺利完成的，个体之间存在很大差异。导致这些变异的主要社会因素是什么？对个人发展和社会和谐秩序的影响又如何？鉴于目前的青年研究大多集中在青年期间存在的诸多问题上，本文认为应该更加关注青年由结尾时期走向成年的过渡时期。青年过渡研究应该着重考察社会变化如何影响青年过渡？有哪些理论和概念适用于理解青年过渡？我国对青年过渡的安排具有哪些特点？这些安排是在复制社会不平等还是在减少社会不平等？国家关于青年的政策是否为青年提供了良好的过渡安排？本文旨在对这一过渡过程提出一个浅显的社会学分析思路。     

A Class of Efficient Non-parametric K-sample Tests for Multivariate Counting Processes with Frailties

A K -sample testing problem is studied for multivariate counting processes with time-dependent frailty. Asymptotic distributions and efficiency of a class of non-parametric test statistics are established for certain local alternatives. The concept of efficiency is to show that for every non-parametric test in this class, there is a parametric submodel for which the optimal test has the same asymptotic power as the non-parametric one. The theory is applied to analyse a diabetic retinopathy study data set. A simulation study is also presented to illustrate the theory     

How well is debt managed by nonprofits?

Little is known about why nonprofits accrue debt, how much they owe, and whether the funds they borrow are used productively. This article distinguishes between productive, problematic, and deferred debt. Employing a data base representative of 114,726 tax-filing charitable nonprofits in the United States in 1986, it examines the pervasiveness of nonprofit debt and the relation between this debt and nonprofit financial health. The analysis finds that over 70 percent of the nonprofits hold debt, the distribution of this debt is highly concentrated, and the level of debt and leverage varies with asset size and type of activity. Nonprofits with higher leverage and absolute debt levels are financially healthier than those with lower levels. While the analysis does not determine whether financially stronger nonprofits are better able to borrow, the results support the view that borrowing in the nonprofit sector is economically efficient.     

西夏军队装备述论

西夏所处的时代,是我国古代冷兵器已得到高度发展,火药武器兴起但还处于早期的发展阶段。本文从战马、甲胄、兵器和指挥用具等四方面考察,认为西夏已经拥有冷兵器时代的高水平的军队装备,虽然其经济实力和科技水平不及宋、辽、金,但由于多种原因,彼此军队装备的水平是大体相当的。     

策略、规则及权力结构一所中学高三教师名单的公布

本文以改革后的苏北的一所县级重点中学为个案,以围绕高三教师名单公布的升级事件为切入点,从组织的微观视角出发,描述在升级事件中的教师在各种情境下如何利用手头的已有资源来展开行动的策略,并在游戏各方的行动中构建出一个特有的组织权力结构。