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Joseé CM. Van Eijndhoven Rob A.P.M. Weterings Cor W. Worrell Joop de Boer Joop van der Pligt Pieter-Jan M. Stallen 《Risk analysis》1994,14(1):87-96
Implementation of article 8.1 of the EC-"Seveso" Directive (82/501/EC) is now under way in many countries in Europe. In The Netherlands, the implementation of the Directive started with a carefully monitored introduction of active information provision at two sites (Dordrecht and Elst). This introduction was supported by a multidisciplinary research group. This group helped to develop the risk communication program and also played a role in the evaluation of the program. This paper describes these processes and their evaluation. We will focus on the design of the risk communication programs and the effects of the programs on knowledge and attitudes of the local target groups. This effort and its results clearly started an institutional learning process involving governmental bodies at several organizational levels (local, regional, and national), and industrial organizations (individual firms and organizations of industries). Monitoring the design, the implementation, and the effects of active information provision proves an effective means to gain experience with the implementation of the Seveso Directive and could help to facilitate further implementation. 相似文献
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Technological change and innovation are vital parts of the economy. This paper concerns one particular attempt to study both the process of innovation itself and possible means of increasing its effectiveness: Technological Economics. Barriers to innovation, intellectual and organizational, are described from the experience at the University of Stirling. 相似文献
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Pallanti S DeCaria CM Grant JE Urpe M Hollander E 《Journal of gambling studies / co-sponsored by the National Council on Problem Gambling and Institute for the Study of Gambling and Commercial Gaming》2005,21(4):431-443
The Yale Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale adapted for Pathological Gambling (PG-YBOCS) was developed to measure the severity
and change in severity of pathological gambling symptoms. The PG-YBOCS is a 10-item clinician-administered questionnaire that
measures the severity of PG over a recent time interval (usually within the past one/two week(s)). In order to assess and
validate the scale, it was administered to 337 subjects: 188 pathological gamblers and 149 healthy controls. Internal consistency
and correlations between individual items and total score were assessed for various permutations of the sample. Other scales
were administered to assess convergent, discriminant and content validity. Sensitivity to change was evaluated in treatment
studies with fluovoxamine, lithium, and valproate. Each item was frequently endorsed across a range of severity. Good inter-rater
reliability and internal consistency were obtained. The PG-YBOCS showed high validity and reliability for total score, item-total
correlations, and for each subscale (Thoughts/Urges and Behavior). PG-YBOCS scores correlated with global severity and South
Oaks Gambling Screen (SOGS) scores. The scale was also sensitive to change in pathological gambling severity. PG-YBOCS thus
appears to be a reliable and valid measure of pathological gambling severity, and can be regarded as an important tool for
clinicians and researchers treating pathological gamblers. 相似文献
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