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正文化是人类智慧的结晶,我们应该尊重和珍惜每一种文化。孟凡行(以下简称孟):色音老师,首先我对您在百忙之中专门抽出时间接受我的访谈表示感谢。我们知道,二十几年来,您一直在文化人类学、民俗学领域勤奋耕耘,取得了不菲的成就,引起了学界的瞩目。您学术基础宽厚、视野开阔、涉猎多门,在文化人类学、民俗学、宗教学、文化遗产学等领域都提出了一些颇具创新意义的见解。 相似文献
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本文认为 ,人生仪礼是在人生的重要转折时期或危机时期 ,如生死婚嫁等一个人一生中具有特殊意义的阶段上举行的民俗仪礼。在信仰萨满教的民族中 ,各种人生仪礼活动几乎都和萨满教发生一定的关系。 相似文献
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Workplace drug testing programs are often met with intense criticism. Despite resistance among labor and consumer groups and a lack of rigorous empirical evidence regarding effectiveness, drug testing programs have remained popular with employers throughout the 1990s and into the current century. The present study analyzed nationally representative data on over 15,000 US households to determine whether various types of workplace drug testing programs influenced the probability of drug use by workers. The study estimated several empirical specifications using both univariate and bivariate probit techniques. The specification tests favored the bivariate probit model over the univariate probit model. Estimated marginal effects of drug testing on any drug use were negative, significant, and relatively large, indicating that drug testing programs are achieving one of the desired effects. The results were similar when any drug use was replaced with chronic drug use in the models. These results have important policy implications regarding the effectiveness and economic viability of workplace anti-drug programs. 相似文献
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Simon French Nikolaos Argyris Stephanie M. Haywood Matthew C. Hort Jim Q. Smith 《Risk analysis》2019,39(1):9-16
In any crisis, there is a great deal of uncertainty, often geographical uncertainty or, more precisely, spatiotemporal uncertainty. Examples include the spread of contamination from an industrial accident, drifting volcanic ash, and the path of a hurricane. Estimating spatiotemporal probabilities is usually a difficult task, but that is not our primary concern. Rather, we ask how analysts can communicate spatiotemporal uncertainty to those handling the crisis. We comment on the somewhat limited literature on the representation of spatial uncertainty on maps. We note that many cognitive issues arise and that the potential for confusion is high. We note that in the early stages of handling a crisis, the uncertainties involved may be deep, i.e., difficult or impossible to quantify in the time available. In such circumstance, we suggest the idea of presenting multiple scenarios. 相似文献
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Pierre Kebreau Alexandre Helena J. Salome Michael T. French James E. Rivers & Clyde B. McCoy 《Social science quarterly》2002,83(2):519-536
Objective. We examine volunteering to support the relief effort after the bombing of the Murrah Federal Building. We address two issues: (1) how widespread was volunteering and what forms did it take, and (2) does Wilson and Musick’s (1997a) “integrated theory of volunteer work” help to explain variation in volunteering in this disaster situation? Methods. We use data from the 1996 Oklahoma City Survey (OKC Survey). The 1996 OKC Survey is based on a random sample of the adult population of Oklahoma City and was administered 10 months after the bombing. Results. Nearly 75 percent of the sample respondents volunteered to support the relief effort in at least one way; giving money and donating nonprofessional goods or services were the two most prevalent volunteer activities. Socioeconomic status, knowing someone killed or injured in the bombing, belonging to voluntary organizations before the bombing, and being affiliated with a religious denomination were predictors of volunteering, depending on the type of volunteer activity considered. Conclusions. The magnitude of volunteering after the Murrah Building bombing was in line with volunteer efforts after other disasters. The integrated theory of volunteer work is a useful framework for studying volunteering after disasters. 相似文献
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Over the last forty years numerous reseachers from the fields of economics, finance, and human resources management have proposed
and empirically evaluated a number of models in efforts to identify determinants of executive compensation. Recently, similar
research efforts have been undertaken to identify compensation determinants for union officers, both at the local and national
levels. As an extension of these works, this study found measures of union financial strength, job complexity, performance
and tenure in office to be directly related to national union presidents’ compensation. Although union income and relative
union member earnings were the strongest determinants of officer compensation for the sample of unions as a whole, analyses
of three subgroups of unions based on size revealed very different findings for large as opposed to small and medium-sized
unions. 相似文献
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In many applications in applied statistics, researchers reduce the complexity of a data set by combining a group of variables into a single measure using a factor analysis or an index number. We argue that such compression loses information if the data actually have high dimensionality. We advocate the use of a non-parametric estimator, commonly used in physics (the Takens estimator), to estimate the correlation dimension of the data prior to compression. The advantage of this approach over traditional linear data compression approaches is that the data do not have to be linearised. Applying our ideas to the United Nations Human Development Index, we find that the four variables that are used in its construction have dimension 3 and the index loses information. 相似文献