全文获取类型
收费全文 | 23047篇 |
免费 | 273篇 |
国内免费 | 1篇 |
专业分类
管理学 | 3115篇 |
民族学 | 148篇 |
人才学 | 4篇 |
人口学 | 3484篇 |
丛书文集 | 65篇 |
理论方法论 | 1669篇 |
综合类 | 392篇 |
社会学 | 10390篇 |
统计学 | 4054篇 |
出版年
2022年 | 66篇 |
2021年 | 68篇 |
2020年 | 194篇 |
2019年 | 232篇 |
2018年 | 1960篇 |
2017年 | 2072篇 |
2016年 | 1355篇 |
2015年 | 287篇 |
2014年 | 337篇 |
2013年 | 2384篇 |
2012年 | 762篇 |
2011年 | 1458篇 |
2010年 | 1335篇 |
2009年 | 1013篇 |
2008年 | 1078篇 |
2007年 | 1257篇 |
2006年 | 300篇 |
2005年 | 499篇 |
2004年 | 474篇 |
2003年 | 457篇 |
2002年 | 325篇 |
2001年 | 339篇 |
2000年 | 319篇 |
1999年 | 295篇 |
1998年 | 223篇 |
1997年 | 184篇 |
1996年 | 265篇 |
1995年 | 201篇 |
1994年 | 219篇 |
1993年 | 190篇 |
1992年 | 216篇 |
1991年 | 218篇 |
1990年 | 210篇 |
1989年 | 182篇 |
1988年 | 216篇 |
1987年 | 191篇 |
1986年 | 147篇 |
1985年 | 186篇 |
1984年 | 189篇 |
1983年 | 167篇 |
1982年 | 127篇 |
1981年 | 108篇 |
1980年 | 101篇 |
1979年 | 129篇 |
1978年 | 97篇 |
1977年 | 86篇 |
1976年 | 64篇 |
1975年 | 66篇 |
1974年 | 68篇 |
1973年 | 65篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Allan B. I. Bernardo Mary Angeline A. Daganzo Anna Carmella G. Ocampo 《Social indicators research》2018,139(1):277-292
Abusive supervision in the workplace has been shown to have important direct consequence in work and work relationship, and also indirect consequences to workers’ well-being and relationships outside work. Consequences of abusive supervision have not been studied among migrant workers whose status in the host country of work is dependent on maintaining the work contract. This study investigates abusive supervision in 247 Filipino migrant workers in Macau, who hold temporary work contracts and work visas to engage in various low-skilled work (e.g., domestic helper, security guard, etc.). The study tests a model representing the indirect consequences of abusive supervision on the self-esteem and acculturation orientation of migrant workers, in particular, on the tendency to reject their heritage culture in their attempt to acculturate in the host country. Mediation analysis indicated that abusive supervisory perceptions led to lower self-esteem (b = ?.19), which in turn relates to tendency to reject their heritage culture as part of acculturation (b = ?.45) [indirect effect = .08, 90 % CI .04, .15]. The rejection of heritage culture is interpreted as a coping response to the negative indirect consequences of abusive supervision perceptions that may be partly attributed to being a migrant Filipino worker. The results are discussed in terms of how the acculturation of migrant workers reflects aspects of their well-being that may be adversely affected by vocational-related stress in the host country. 相似文献
2.
3.
When Working Hard Is Not Enough for Female and Racial/Ethnic Minority Apprentices in the Highway Trades
下载免费PDF全文
![点击此处可从《Sociological Forum》网站下载免费的PDF全文](/ch/ext_images/free.gif)
Maura Kelly Lindsey Wilkinson Maura Pisciotta Larry S. Williams 《Sociological Forum》2015,30(2):415-438
Drawing on employment records, qualitative interviews, and a survey, we explore the experiences of apprentices in the highway trades in Oregon. We demonstrate that female and racial/ethnic minority apprentices have lower rates of recruitment and retention and disproportionately face challenges with interpersonal interactions, hiring practices, and supervisory practices. Yet, we find a pervasive narrative that attributes apprentices' success to “hard work,” which contributes to the legitimacy of these inequalities. Consistent with the conceptualization of work organizations as inequality regimes, we argue that the apprenticeship system has policies, practices, and ideologies that are on the surface gender and race/ethnicity neutral, yet lead to the perpetuation of inequalities. 相似文献
4.
Researchers have been developing various extensions and modified forms of the Weibull distribution to enhance its capability for modeling and fitting different data sets. In this note, we investigate the potential usefulness of the new modification to the standard Weibull distribution called odd Weibull distribution in income economic inequality studies. Some mathematical and statistical properties of this model are proposed. We obtain explicit expressions for the first incomplete moment, quantile function, Lorenz and Zenga curves and related inequality indices. In addition to the well-known stochastic order based on Lorenz curve, the stochastic order based on Zenga curve is considered. Since the new generalized Weibull distribution seems to be suitable to model wealth, financial, actuarial and especially income distributions, these findings are fundamental in the understanding of how parameter values are related to inequality. Also, the estimation of parameters by maximum likelihood and moment methods is discussed. Finally, this distribution has been fitted to United States and Austrian income data sets and has been found to fit remarkably well in compare with the other widely used income models. 相似文献
5.
6.
Witkower Zachary Tracy Jessica L. Pun Anthea Baron Andrew S. 《Journal of Nonverbal Behavior》2021,45(4):505-518
Journal of Nonverbal Behavior - Past research has demonstrated that children understand distinct emotion concepts and can accurately recognize facial expressions of distinct emotions by a young... 相似文献
7.
Random effects regression mixture models are a way to classify longitudinal data (or trajectories) having possibly varying lengths. The mixture structure of the traditional random effects regression mixture model arises through the distribution of the random regression coefficients, which is assumed to be a mixture of multivariate normals. An extension of this standard model is presented that accounts for various levels of heterogeneity among the trajectories, depending on their assumed error structure. A standard likelihood ratio test is presented for testing this error structure assumption. Full details of an expectation-conditional maximization algorithm for maximum likelihood estimation are also presented. This model is used to analyze data from an infant habituation experiment, where it is desirable to assess whether infants comprise different populations in terms of their habituation time. 相似文献
8.
There is considerable speculation that female political empowerment could improve population health. Yet, evidence to date is limited, and explanations for why political empowerment would matter and the conditions under which this might be enhanced or muted are not well understood. In this article, we draw on theoretical work on the politics of representation to frame an investigation of whether increases in the percentage of females in a country’s parliament influence mortality rates. We further examine whether the relationship is conditioned by extent of democracy and economic and social development. Through multivariate longitudinal regression, we analyze four indicators of mortality in 155 countries spanning 1990 to 2014 with controls for initial country conditions, time-stable structural predispositions to higher mortality, and a number of time-varying potential confounders. Results indicate that a high level of female representation—30 % or greater in our models—has large negative associations with mortality, that these are particularly strong in lesser developed and weak democratic contexts, that high female political representation effectively offsets liabilities associated with low development, and that the relationships are robust to various operationalizations of social development. In the end, our research provides a particularly thorough accounting of the relationship between female political representation and population health, particularly by specifying the conditions under which female representation is most salient. In doing so, the research suggests important links between issues of female empowerment, political context, and developmental trajectories of countries more generally. 相似文献
9.
This paper develops a unified model of dual and unitary job holding based on a Stone-Geary utility function. The model incorporates both constrained and unconstrained labor supply. Panel data methods are adapted to accommodate unobserved heterogeneity and multinomial selection into six mutually exclusive labor supply regimes. We estimate the wage and income elasticities arising from selection and unobserved heterogeneity as well as from the Stone-Geary Slutsky equations. The labor supply model is estimated with data from the British Household Panel Survey 1991–2008. Among dual job holders, our study finds that the Stone-Geary income and wage elasticities are much larger for labor supply to the second job compared with the main job. When the effects of selection and unobserved heterogeneity are taken account of, the magnitudes of these elasticities on the second job tend to be significantly reduced. 相似文献
10.
Economic theory establishes that pension privatization weakens the link between old and young and so reduces the incentive to invest in public education in an economy with lower return rate of capital than growth rate of wage. However, empirical studies of the link change are few. In this paper, we investigate the effects of pension privatization and the central government’s subsidy to individual accounts on public education spending in a three-period overlapping generation model. And then, we take contemporary pension reforms in a number of Chinese provinces as offering natural experiment conditions. Using a difference-in-difference framework and 282 municipal districts panel data over years 1998–2009, we test the pension-education theoretical link change. Both our theoretical and empirical results confirm that pension privatization is adversely associated with local public spending on education in China. Private pension subsidies, moreover, magnify this effect. Our study supports the theoretical assertion and selective empirical findings of a negative intergenerational effect of pension privatization. 相似文献