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1.
Igor Yakovenko David C. Hodgins Nady el-Guebaly David M. Casey Shawn R. Currie Garry J. Smith 《International Gambling Studies》2016,16(2):175-192
Disordered gambling is best conceptualized as a continuum of severity. Previous research has demonstrated the utility of studying individuals at all points of this spectrum. The sequence of the development of gambling problems and change in gambling involvement along this continuum of severity is not well understood. The present study examined the interplay between cognitive distortions and gambling involvement in a population sample recruited in Alberta, Canada. Data from 1372 participants over 4 assessment waves (5 years) were used to generate a 2-factor latent structure using gambling fallacies and gambling involvement measurements. Structural equation modelling showed that cognitive distortions more strongly predicted future gambling involvement than the reverse relationship, using the comparative fit index (CFI) and the root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA) to assess the models. In addition, cognitive distortions declined over time, whereas gambling involvement remained stable. The results of the study suggest that focusing primarily on cognitive mechanisms in public health initiatives for gambling disorders may be a more effective strategy than focusing on behavioural solutions. 相似文献
2.
Vladyslav Kushnir Alexandra Godinho David C. Hodgins Christian S. Hendershot John A. Cunningham 《Journal of gambling studies / co-sponsored by the National Council on Problem Gambling and Institute for the Study of Gambling and Commercial Gaming》2018,34(4):1407-1421
Most problem gamblers do not seek formal treatment, recovering on their own through cognitive re-appraisal or self-help strategies. Although barriers to treatment have been extensively studied, there is a paucity of research on self-directed changes in problem gambling and very few studies have examined these changes prospectively. The aim of this study was to examine the trajectory of gambling severity and behavior change over an 18-month period, among a sample of non-treatment seeking/attending problem gamblers recruited from the community (N?=?204) interested in quitting or reducing gambling. Separate mixed effects models revealed that in absence of formal treatment, significant reductions in gambling severity, frequency, and amount gambled could be observed over the course of a 6 to 9-month period and that changes experienced within the first 12 months were maintained for an extended 6 months. Problem gambling severity at baseline was significantly associated with changes in severity over time, such that participants with more severe gambling problems demonstrated greater reductions in their gambling severity over time. A total of 11.1% of participants gambled within a low-risk threshold at 18 months, although 28.7% of the sample reported consecutive gambling severity scores below problem levels for the duration of 1 year or longer. The findings suggest that among problem gamblers motivated to quit or reduce their gambling, significant self-directed changes in gambling severity can occur over a relatively short time. Additional prospective studies are needed to document the role of specific self-help tools or thought processes in exacting gambling changes. 相似文献
3.
ABSTRACTWhile women are underrepresented in many political institutions and leadership positions, nearly half of state supreme court chief justices are women. Is there something about the role of state supreme court justice that facilitates the recruitment of women to this important political position? We examine whether the selection of a woman chief is driven by the court’s institutional need for women’s leadership style or simply the supply of qualified justices. We find that ideological diversity drives demand for a woman chief. A supply of experienced women justices also has a significant impact on likelihood of selection. 相似文献
4.
Suurvali H Hodgins DC Toneatto T Cunningham JA 《Journal of gambling studies / co-sponsored by the National Council on Problem Gambling and Institute for the Study of Gambling and Commercial Gaming》2012,28(2):273-296
A random digit dialing telephone survey was used to interview 8,467 adults in Ontario, Canada. The NODS-CLiP was used to identify
a representative sample of 730 gamblers (54.3% male, mean age 45.3 years) with possible past year gambling problems in order
to explore factors that might affect disordered gamblers’ motivators for seeking gambling-related help. A final sample of
526 gamblers provided useable data on possible reasons for and barriers to seeking help, awareness of services, self-perception
of gambling problems and experience with help-seeking. Financial and relationship issues were the most frequently volunteered
motivators. However, over two-thirds of the respondents could not think of a reason for seeking help. Gamblers who had self-admitted
or more severe problems, who knew how to get help, who were employed and had more education, and who identified possible barriers
to seeking help were more likely to suggest motivators, especially financial ones. More research is recommended on gamblers’
trajectory towards recognition of a gambling problem, the process of overcoming specific barriers to treatment, and the role
of social advantage (e.g., education and employment), in order to devise educational campaigns that will encourage earlier
help-seeking among disordered gamblers. 相似文献
5.
Sarah R. Holley 《Journal of lesbian studies》2017,21(1):1-6
ABSTRACTThis article introduces the special issue on contemporary lesbian relationships. The beginning notes some of the prominent changes that have occurred in the past 15 years in the visibility and positive representation of lesbian couples in our popular U.S. culture. The remainder focuses on identifying and summarizing the primary themes of the special issue, including the implications of changes in marriage rights, the acknowledgment and exploration of the effects of sexual minority stress, and a shift in the framing of research to better reflect the diversity of lesbian relationship experiences. 相似文献
6.
Justin Pulford Maria Bellringer Max Abbott Dave Clarke David Hodgins Jeremy Williams 《Journal of gambling studies / co-sponsored by the National Council on Problem Gambling and Institute for the Study of Gambling and Commercial Gaming》2009,25(1):33-48
This paper presents barriers to help-seeking data as reported by users of a national gambling helpline (help-seekers, HS,
N = 125) as well as data pertaining to perceived barriers to seeking help as reported by gamblers recruited from the general
population (non-help-seekers, NHS,
N = 104). All data were collected via a structured, multi-modal survey. When asked to identify actual or perceived barriers
to seeking help, responses indicative of pride (78% of HS participants, 84% of NHS participants), shame (73% of HS participants,
84% of NHS participants) or denial (87% of NHS participants) were most frequently reported. These three factors were also
most often identified as the real or perceived primary barrier to help-seeking (collectively accounting for 55% of HS, and
60% of NHS, responses to this question) and were the only barriers to be identified by more than 10% of either HS and NHS
participants without prompting. It was of note, however, that participants in both groups identified multiple barriers to
help-seeking (mean of 6.7 and 12.2, respectively) and that, when presented with a list of 21 possible barrier items, NHS participants
endorsed 19 of the listed items significantly more often than their HS counterparts. The implications of these findings, with
respect to promoting greater or earlier help-seeking activity amongst problem gamblers, are discussed.
相似文献
Justin PulfordEmail: |
7.
Motivators for Resolving or Seeking Help for Gambling Problems: A Review of the Empirical Literature
Helen Suurvali David C. Hodgins John A. Cunningham 《Journal of gambling studies / co-sponsored by the National Council on Problem Gambling and Institute for the Study of Gambling and Commercial Gaming》2010,26(1):1-33
This literature review summarizes recent empirical research on the reasons disordered gamblers try, through treatment or otherwise,
to resolve or reduce their gambling problems. Relevant databases and bibliographies were searched for English-language studies,
published since 1998, that asked gamblers themselves about motivators for action. Found were ten studies addressing reasons
for trying to resolve or reduce gambling problems, five addressing reasons for seeking help and four addressing reasons for
requesting self-exclusion from casinos. Help-seeking occurred largely in response to gambling-related harms (especially financial
problems, relationship issues and negative emotions) that had already happened or that were imminent. Resolution was often
motivated by the same kinds of harms but evaluation/decision-making and changes in lifestyle or environment played a more
prominent role. Self-exclusion was motivated by harms, evaluation/decision-making and a wish to regain control. Awareness
and educational materials could incorporate messages that might encourage heavy gamblers to make changes before harms became
too great. Intervention development could also benefit from more research on the motivators leading to successful (vs. failed)
resolution, as well as on the ways in which disordered gamblers are able to overcome specific barriers to seeking help or
reaching resolution. 相似文献
8.
Leanne Quigley Igor Yakovenko David C. Hodgins Keith S. Dobson Nady el-Guebaly David M. Casey Shawn R. Currie Garry J. Smith Robert J. Williams Don P. Schopflocher 《Journal of gambling studies / co-sponsored by the National Council on Problem Gambling and Institute for the Study of Gambling and Commercial Gaming》2015,31(4):1135-1152
9.
Stigma has been explored as a cause of reduced and delayed treatment-seeking for problem gambling, a population in which only 1 in 10 seek treatment. The present study examined the effect of perceived public stigma and self-stigma on affect and behavioural coping efforts. Path analysis was used to examine self-stigma in 155 individuals with gambling problems. The majority of participants met criteria for a gambling disorder (93.5%), were current gamblers (69%) and had never sought treatment (54.2%). The data fit the proposed path model well; self-stigma was associated with reduced self-esteem and increased shame. Shame predicted use of secrecy and withdrawal coping. Endorsement of negative stereotypes of ‘problem gamblers’ was associated with decreased treatment-seeking while greater self-stigma predicted increased treatment-seeking. Additional predictors of increased treatment-seeking included greater gambling problem severity, more positive attitudes towards treatment, male sex and higher income. Self-stigma increased rather than decreased treatment-seeking in this analysis. Efforts to increase treatment-seeking could target women, those with lower income and those with less severe gambling problems. 相似文献
10.
Currie SR Hodgins DC Wang J el-Guebaly N Wynne H Miller NV 《Journal of gambling studies / co-sponsored by the National Council on Problem Gambling and Institute for the Study of Gambling and Commercial Gaming》2008,24(3):321-335
A set of low-risk gambling limits were recently produced using Canadian epidemiological data on the intensity of gambling
behavior and related consequences (Currie et al. Addiction 101:570–580, 2006). The empirically derived limits (gambling no more than two to three times per month, spending no more than $501–$100°CAN
per year or no more than 1% of gross income spent on gambling) accurately predicted risk of gambling-related harm after controlling
for other risk factors. The present study sought to replicate these limits on data collected in three independently conducted
Canadian provincial gambling surveys. Dose–response curves and logistic regression analyses were applied to gambling prevalence
data collected in surveys conducted in 2001–2002 within the provinces of Alberta, British Columbia, and Ontario (combined
sample N = 7,675). A comparable dose–response relationship between gambling intensity and risk of harm was found in each province.
The optimal thresholds for defining an upper limit of low-risk gambling were similar across the three provinces despite variations
in the availability and organization of legalized gambling opportunities within each region. These results provide additional
evidence supporting the validity of the low-risk gambling limits. Quantitative limits could be used to augment existing responsible
gambling guidelines.
相似文献
Shawn R. CurrieEmail: |