Seeking Help for Marital Problems: A Conceptual Approach

Summary When, why and how people become clients are important areasfor research which have implications for services and practitioners.How these issues are conceptualised determines the findingsand conclusions of researchers. This paper contrasts two distinctconceptual emphases to be found in the literature on help-seeking:on the one hand, clients as constructing their own fates and,on the other, the critical incidents and contextual factorswhich precipitate help-seeking action. The author concludesthat a satisfactory theoretical approach to help-seeking needsto integrate both emphases.     

New slavery,old binaries: human trafficking and the borders of ‘freedom’

This article explores dominant discourse on ‘trafficking as modern slavery’ in relation to the many legal and social fetters that have historically been and are today imposed upon individuals who are socially imagined as ‘free’. It argues that discourse on ‘trafficking as modern slavery’ revitalizes the liberal understandings of freedom and restriction that have historically allowed vigorous moral condemnation of slavery to coexist with the continued imposition of extensive, forcible restrictions on individuals deemed to be ‘free’. In place of efforts to build political alliances between different groups of migrants, as well as between migrants and non‐migrants, who share a common interest in transforming existing social and political relations, ‘trafficking as modern slavery’ discourse inspires and legitimates efforts to divide a small number of ‘deserving victims’ from the masses that remain ‘undeserving’ of rights and freedoms.     

Corporate interests within transnational advocacy networks: The International Coalition Against Plain Packaging

Most of the research on transnational advocacy networks documents progressive, voluntary movements, motivated by values associate with human rights and public goods. There is little critical reflection on the role of corporations within such networks or on the material motivations behind movements. Meanwhile literature on corporate political strategies related to partnerships with civil society is limited to national level analysis. This article presents a case study of the International Coalition Against Plain Packaging, which is conceptualized as a transnational advocacy network, and documents its links to the tobacco industry. We find that, not only have tobacco companies provided network members – publicly presented and perceived as independent – with financial resources, but they have also been involved in producing the information used by the network to debate the benefits of plain packaging. In return, the tobacco industry is able to propagate ideas favorable to its interests through organizations perceived as legitimate experts, and to maintain a network of allies ready to counter tobacco control regulations when and where they arise. Considering the multiple benefits corporations might derive from engaging with transnational advocacy networks, there is need for greater research on private actors’ influence within advocacy networks and on those networks that aim to counter or advance alternatives to progressive ideals.     

Seeing the Insane in Textbooks of Abnormal Psychology: The Uses of Art in Histories of Mental Illness

Pictures in historical chapters of textbooks convey information about the values and assumptions of the authors'professions and the larger culture. We scrutinized 15 recent abnormal psychology textbooks for reproductions of art created before 1900. Thirteen works appeared in three (20%) or more textbooks. Overall, these pictures support a "Whiggish" account of history that celebrates the present and gives a distorted, incomplete rendering of the past. The 13 pictures tended to depict the mentally ill as an underclass who are released from their literal and metaphorical shackles by men who are "ahead of their time" in their struggles against prevailing ignorance. The pictures also emphasized the difference of the mentally ill by presenting a catalogue of stereotypic visual elements attributed to insanity throughout Western history. We argue for the inclusion in textbooks of "history for the sake of the past" as a way of genuinely engaging different ideologies and thereby stimulating interest in our own implicit values and biases.     

Shopfloor control practices in three Pacific basin countries: a comparative view of small machine tool industry

The strategic importance of manufacturing decisions to the competitive position of a firm is well known. As the sphere of competition has expanded from regional to national to international, successful manufacturing decisions have become ever more complex. The success of manufacturing strategics ultimately rests on proper tactical implementation at the shopfloor level. In order to explore various operating policies and procedures at a basic level, and to contrast them with some commonly held beliefs, this paper examines and compares the shopfloor practices of companies in the small machines too! industry in selected countries in the Pacific rim, namely; Japan,

China and South Korea. While many popular views on manufacturing practices in these countries are supported by the study, the results challenge other commonly held views.     

Power,capital, and immigration detention rights: making networked markets in global detention governance at UNHCR

With the expanded use of immigration detention and migration management practices worldwide, detention has emerged as a key issue for United Nations and international human rights institutions. A growing international rights movement seeks to make the practice fairer and more humane, leading to the dominance of a mainstream detention rights agenda and counter‐hegemonic system of governance. Drawing on ethnographic fieldwork conducted in Geneva and elsewhere, this article examines the capital, knowledge, and technological expertise that went into the construction of UNHCR's Global Detention Strategy. I highlight the rational calculation undergirding this global detention rights agenda, including the transnational policy networks of NGOs, INGOs, and academics that facilitate the movement's moral authority and capitalist growth. Their practices have become powerful neoliberal development tools, which give veracity to human rights agendas and attract oppositionally‐figured abolitionist praxis.     

Coming to terms with sexual abuse: a day care perspective

SUMMARY. Pre-five establishments are increasingly identifying or having to admit children who have suffered from sexual abuse. The feelings that sexual abuse arouse in staff., their need for support and praise in managing the children's needs, the angry and abusive parents and families, and the conflict between the various agencies in child protection requires some consideration. This article offers an insight into a group of nursery workers' efforts to come to terms with identifying abuse, understanding their right to express feelings and acknowledge anger and disgust and their attempt to integrate a preventive approach in the nursery curriculum