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1.
Miles L. Patterson Yuichi Iizuka Mark E. Tubbs Jennifer Ansel Masao Tsutsumi Jackie Anson 《Journal of Nonverbal Behavior》2007,31(3):155-166
This study examined the microinteractions of pedestrians in Japan and in the United States as they walked past a confederate.
Specifically, the effects of culture, condition (avoid, look-only, and look plus smile) and sex of confederate on glances,
smiles, nods, and greetings by passing pedestrians were examined in a field study on over 1000 participants. The hypotheses
of (1) lower responsiveness in Japanese pedestrians than in American pedestrians and (2) increased responsiveness as a function
of condition were supported in a series of log-linear analyses of pedestrian glances, smiles, nods, and greetings. Both of
these main effects were, however, qualified by Culture X Condition interactions on smiles, nods, and greetings, with the large
condition effects present in the American pedestrians, but absent in the Japanese pedestrians. The results are discussed in
terms of the functions of glances, smiles, nods, and greetings in these brief encounters and how differing cultural norms
affect Japanese and American responsiveness. Finally, the limitations of this study and the broader utility of this research
paradigm are discussed.
相似文献
Miles L. PattersonEmail: |
2.
Summary A cattle population presents three spatial patterns according to their behaviour. These patterns are as follows: the random
spatial pattern which occurs when the cattle move during grazing (feeding), the aggregated spatial pattern which occurs when
they rest, and the regular or quasi-regular spatial pattern which occurs when they separate into two or more subgroups. In
this study, these three states of behaviour were represented by a mathematical model, and a method to test the pattern statistically
was derived. 相似文献
3.
Laura Camfield Awae Masae J. Allister McGregor Buapun Promphaking 《Social indicators research》2013,114(3):1049-1072
The paper provides micro-level evidence of rising inequality in Thailand, using data from an intensive study of seven communities in Northeast and Southern Thailand. This inequality affects participants’ material and subjective wellbeing, their aspirations, and the extent to which they feel these are realised. The paper argues that adaptation, expressed as reduced aspirations, could explain why the effect of material poverty on people’s satisfaction with their lives is small. The reduction in attainment of aspirations linked to socio-economic status suggests that a small, but constant group of people are being excluded from a shift in the societal consensus over what constitutes a good life. 相似文献
4.
Masae Tsutsumi 《International Journal of Japanese Sociology》2001,10(1):69-79
The aim of this paper is to clarify how Japanese rural families have continued and changed from a viewpoint of generational succession. The survey from which data was collected was conducted principally in Yamanashi prefecture, Japan. Three main points will be focussed on: members, property, and ideology. Almost 40% of family members surveyed continued to live together with their parents after marriage. However, they did not necessarily succeed the family farm. The ways in which they live together and farm their land have become more diverse. It is still very common for the entire family property to be inherited and succeeded by only one child in accordance with the Ie system. Despite the fact that family structure is changing greatly in present times, many farming families continue to adopt this system of inheritance. Ideologies concerning ceremonial matters and human relationships remain strong, but have weakened with regard to land inheritance. Our results suggest that the family's desire for succession was stronger in cases where multiple generations cohabited. 相似文献
5.
Summary The present paper dealt with the sequential changes of the distribution pattern of apterous females aphid populations, that
were artificially settled at the beginning on the experimental barley ‘field’. The aphids were settled at random or even with
a fixed denisty per plant. For five or six days after the settling, the number of individuals followed the negative binomial
distributions in all cases while the parametersk andp were varying. The estimated values ofk were rather small for the first one week after the settling, which may suggest that the number of moving aphids between plants
was relatively small and the degree of concentration expressing the intrinsic increase was high. After that, as the number
of individuals increased, the number of moving aphids between plants would be considered to be increased. It was found that
with the lapse of time the degree of concentration decreased ork became larger.
The distribution of aphids per blade in a plant was also described briefly. 相似文献
6.
7.
The Japanese version of the Effort-Reward Imbalance Questionnaire: a study in dental technicians 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
Akizumi Tsutsumi Tatsuya Ishitake Richard Peter Johannes Siegrist Tsunetaka Matoba 《Work and stress》2001,15(1):86-96
To test the psychometric properties and criterion validity of the Japanese version of the EffortReward Imbalance (ERI) Questionnaire (Siegrist, 1996), a survey was conducted among 105 male dental technicians. The Japanese version of the questionnaire was developed through a backtranslation process. Internal consistency and factorial structure were tested and the criterion validity with respect to musculoskeletal symptoms was estimated with the help of a correlation matrix and logistic regression analysis. In psychometric terms, the factorial structure of the scales measuring the components of the theoretical concept was replicated satisfactorily, and internal consistencies of the scales measuring the extrinsic and intrinsic components of the model were appropriate. Significant associations between components of the ERI and musculoskeletal symptoms were found. Logistic regression analysis revealed a significantly elevated risk of musculoskeletal symptoms in participants scoring high on the scale measuring the model's intrinsic component, 'overcommitment'. This study indicates that, at least for the occupational group under study, the Japanese version of the ERI Questionnaire is a feasible and psychometrically well justified new measure for assessing psychosocial stress at work with relevance to health. 相似文献
8.
Akizumi Tsutsumi Tatsuya Ishitake Richard Peter Johannes Siegrist Tsunetaka Matoba 《Work and stress》2013,27(1):86-96
To test the psychometric properties and criterion validity of the Japanese version of the EffortReward Imbalance (ERI) Questionnaire (Siegrist, 1996), a survey was conducted among 105 male dental technicians. The Japanese version of the questionnaire was developed through a backtranslation process. Internal consistency and factorial structure were tested and the criterion validity with respect to musculoskeletal symptoms was estimated with the help of a correlation matrix and logistic regression analysis. In psychometric terms, the factorial structure of the scales measuring the components of the theoretical concept was replicated satisfactorily, and internal consistencies of the scales measuring the extrinsic and intrinsic components of the model were appropriate. Significant associations between components of the ERI and musculoskeletal symptoms were found. Logistic regression analysis revealed a significantly elevated risk of musculoskeletal symptoms in participants scoring high on the scale measuring the model's intrinsic component, 'overcommitment'. This study indicates that, at least for the occupational group under study, the Japanese version of the ERI Questionnaire is a feasible and psychometrically well justified new measure for assessing psychosocial stress at work with relevance to health. 相似文献
9.
Masae Tsutsumi 《International Journal of Japanese Sociology》1999,8(1):117-140
Abstract The aim of this study is to clarify the changes in the lifecourses of rural stem family women, and how they are influenced by society and the family. Our lifecourses are characterized by the sequence of events in our lifetime. Women's lifecourses are mainly influenced and varied by the experiences of marriage, childbirth and childcare.
We used the event of marriage as the basis for finding how the lifecourses of three generations of women had changed. The Mother generation (MI refers to the parent; the Wife generation (W) refers to the child; and the Grandchild generations are the daughters (F) and Son's Wives (SW).
Our findings revealed that the Agriculture Continuation type lifecourse had decreased with each generation. About 80% of (MI women helped on the family farm before marrying into another farming family, while this type no longer existed in the grandchild generations. The (W) women were the first to start working in various jobs (outside the farm) after graduating from their last schooling, but they usually quit their jobs after marriage. Many (SW) women followed this same pattern. Many (F) women also worked outside the farm after their last schooling, then became full-time housewives after marriage. Few women in the grandchild generation worked in agriculture when they were young.
The lifecourses of (M) and (W) women followed basically a fixed pattern, but began to diversify for the grandchild generations, as their order of life events also diversified. Correlation and changes were found between society and individuals. 相似文献
We used the event of marriage as the basis for finding how the lifecourses of three generations of women had changed. The Mother generation (MI refers to the parent; the Wife generation (W) refers to the child; and the Grandchild generations are the daughters (F) and Son's Wives (SW).
Our findings revealed that the Agriculture Continuation type lifecourse had decreased with each generation. About 80% of (MI women helped on the family farm before marrying into another farming family, while this type no longer existed in the grandchild generations. The (W) women were the first to start working in various jobs (outside the farm) after graduating from their last schooling, but they usually quit their jobs after marriage. Many (SW) women followed this same pattern. Many (F) women also worked outside the farm after their last schooling, then became full-time housewives after marriage. Few women in the grandchild generation worked in agriculture when they were young.
The lifecourses of (M) and (W) women followed basically a fixed pattern, but began to diversify for the grandchild generations, as their order of life events also diversified. Correlation and changes were found between society and individuals. 相似文献
10.
Summary Suppose thatn individuals locate independently and randomly on a segment of line of finite length (habitat). Let the theoretical and observed
ranges of the sites of the individuals on the segment be μ
n-1 andr
n-1, respectively. Then, the degree of dispersion of the individual sites is measured by the ratio, T
n
=n
n-1/μ
n-1, as follows: A random spatial pattern forI
r−1
=1 An aggregated spatial pattern for 0≤I
r
<1 A uniform spatial pattern for (n+1)/(n−1)≥I
r
>1.
Another method was derived. Let the probability that an observed range is less thanr
n−1
beI
p
, under the hypothesis of a Beta distribution. Then
indicates A random spatial pattern forI
p
=1/2 An aggregated spatial pattern forI
p
<1/2 A uniform spatial pattern forI
p
>1/2.
The first index can be used for comparing populations having the same number of individuals, whereas the second one can be
used for comparing populations with different numbers of individuals. 相似文献