非物质文化遗产保护的国际经验与国内实践——北京师范大学985工程特聘教授色音访谈

正文化是人类智慧的结晶,我们应该尊重和珍惜每一种文化。孟凡行(以下简称孟):色音老师,首先我对您在百忙之中专门抽出时间接受我的访谈表示感谢。我们知道,二十几年来,您一直在文化人类学、民俗学领域勤奋耕耘,取得了不菲的成就,引起了学界的瞩目。您学术基础宽厚、视野开阔、涉猎多门,在文化人类学、民俗学、宗教学、文化遗产学等领域都提出了一些颇具创新意义的见解。     

萨满教与北方少数民族的人生仪礼

本文认为 ,人生仪礼是在人生的重要转折时期或危机时期 ,如生死婚嫁等一个人一生中具有特殊意义的阶段上举行的民俗仪礼。在信仰萨满教的民族中 ,各种人生仪礼活动几乎都和萨满教发生一定的关系。     

Testing for heteroscedasticity occuring at unknown points

This paper considers procedures for the detection of heteroscedasticity when it occurs at unknown points. First the number of points is assumed known apriori and then this assumption is relaxed so that both the position and the number of possible aberrant observations is unknown. Monte Carlo evidence is provided on the performance of both tests and they are found to perform reasonably.     

Help, Not Harm: Psychological Foundation for a Nondieting Approach Toward Health

This article reviews the literature on the psychological consequences of dieting. In particular, the authors examine the impact of dieting on mood, self-esteem, cognition, and eating behavior. The famous Keys study of starvation is discussed in relations to impaired concentration, food preoccupation, negative affect, and binge eating behavior. Overall, the literature indicates that dieting has a negative impact on psychological well-being. As a result, alternative nondieting approaches toward eating are presented and recommended to promote psychological health.     

Acculturation Gap,Intergenerational Conflict,Parenting Style,and Youth Distress in Immigrant Chinese American Families

This study examined mother–child acculturation gaps in relationship to youth distress and the possible mediating role of parent–child conflict and parenting style in a sample of 81 Chinese American families. Hierarchical multiple regression analyses provided partial support for a relationship between acculturation gaps and youth distress. No mediators of this relationship were found; however, post-hoc analyses indicated that intergenerational conflict and parenting style were associated with youth distress above and beyond acculturation gaps. These results suggest that interventions developed to reduce parent–child conflict and increase parental bonding (increase parental warmth and decrease parental overprotection) may be valuable for Chinese American adolescents, regardless of acculturation gap status.     

Education and Social Desirability Bias: The Case of a Black Presidential Candidate*

Objective. Survey research consistently reports a positive association between educational attainment and socially tolerant attitudes, but critics hold that respondents with high levels of education may simply purport to hold attitudes seen as socially desirable. In this article, we seek to adjudicate between the claim that the association between education and social tolerance is simply an artifact of sophisticated social desirability reporting on the part of well‐educated respondents and the competing theory that education has a real impact on increasing forms of social tolerance. Methods. Using support for a black presidential candidate as our measure of social tolerance, we utilize an innovative online list experiment to test whether high levels of support are inflated because of social desirability reporting among the educational elite. Results. We find no evidence of systematic overreporting of support for a black presidential candidate among respondents with high levels of education, and note that social desirability bias declines as educational attainment increases. Conclusions. This research bolsters arguments about the liberalizing effect of education on socially tolerant attitudes, and challenges evidence that attributes this relationship to high levels of social desirability bias.     

Friendship Talk as Identity Work: Defining the Self Through Friend Relationships

This paper places friendships at the center of individuals' identity work, examining how individuals construct self‐identities through their talk about friend relationships and networks. We conceptualize this “friendship talk” as a subcategory of identity talk. From interviews with emerging adults, we find three strategies of friendship talk: envisioning self through others, betterment distancing, and situating with networks. These strategies demonstrate unique ways identity construction occurs through talk about friends. Individuals verbally connect with and separate from friends while constructing desired selves and moral identities. We suggest that friendship talk strategies may be generic social processes that apply beyond emerging adulthood.