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1.
Takeshi Wada 《Social movement studies》2014,13(1):127-157
The debate about the rise of civil society in Mexico suggests that the processes of political and economic liberalization are multiple and uneven and, thus, have different and contradictory effects on different social groups. This study takes such arguments into account and examines the nature of collective identities and social networks that are more likely to be mobilized in the rising civil society. Who, with what types of social networks and identities, are the active actors in this rising civil society in Mexico? This study also attempts to identify the central actors who take an active part in multi-sector coalitions. As such a broad coalition often leaves profound effects on politics and society, it is vital to ask which actors are likely to take an important step toward multi-sector coalition making. Using a catalog of 1797 protest campaigns collected from three Mexican newspapers between 1964 and 2000, event frequency analysis is employed to find active actors and social network analysis – blockmodel method and degree centrality measure – is applied to uncover central actors. The analyses reveal that while workers, peasants, or students continue to be very active, the centrality of these actors in contentious networks and coalitions has not increased. New central actors in the rising civil society turn out to be civic associations and NGOs formed around single issues, such as environment, retirement, and human rights. When a multi-sector coalition occurs in contemporary Mexico, NGOs and civic associations are likely to play a crucial role in it. 相似文献
2.
AbstractA quantitative evaluation of athletic training is one of the most important issues in the sports science, and its optimization problem between fitness and fatigue has to be considered. Although fitness is the gain of athletic training and athletes can acquire extensive fitness by hard training, they cannot continue such training for a long time because of fatigue. After the hard training which exceeds the physical capacity of athletes, a delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS) appears and they cannot continue the same training hereafter. Because DOMS impedes the progress of training, it must be avoided when the training plan is made. By continuing training for a long period, the performance capacity of athlete body has enhanced and they can endure hard and long training with which it could not tolerate before, and such performance capacity enhancement is called supercompensation. In a planning athletic training, its optimization problem between fitness and fatigue should be discussed considering, both DOMS and supercompensation by forming probabilistic models of fitness and fatigue, optimal training plans which maximize the total fitness during training periods and minimize the occurrence of DOMS are discussed analytically and numerically. 相似文献
3.
This paper is about the analysis of paired survival data using the exponential bivariate model of Sarkar for the underlying survival times, (X,Y), subject to censoring. Under this parametric model we test parameters in the presence of covariates. We consider first, tests of hypotheses of independence and equality of survival marginals, and second, test of hypotheses of covariate effects and survival superiority of one marginal over the other are considered. For this last question we applied a statistical test based on the Union-intersection principle. 相似文献
4.
Hiroyuki Matsuda Tokio Wada Yasuhiro Takeuchi Yoshiharu Matsumiya 《Researches on Population Ecology》1992,34(2):309-319
Summary There are two factors affecting long-term fluctuation of planktotrophic pelagic fish: environmental fluctuation and interspecific
competition. Long-term catch data of planktotrophic pelagic fishes in Japan suggest that the chub mackerel (species B) was
replaced by the sardine (A), A was replaced by the anchovy, Pacific saury and horse mackerel (Group C), and species in group
C were replaced by species B. If species A defeats B, B defeats C, and C defeats A in interspecific competitive ability, then
the abundance of these three groups fluctuate forever and dominate in the same order. We call this cyclic advantage hypothesis
for species replacement. In this model, environmental fluctuation affects the species replacement as a trigger. Environmental
fluctuation does not determine the next dominant species but greatly affects when the next replacement occurs. 相似文献
5.
Sarah L. Canham Lupin Battersby Mei Lan Fang Mineko Wada Rebecca Barnes Andrew Sixsmith 《Journal of gerontological social work》2018,61(1):104-125
Housing First is a model and philosophy for housing homeless people in immediate and permanent housing. In order to implement and deliver Housing First, research is essential to understand the system of support services as they currently exist. Guided by principles of community-based participatory research, this paper presents the findings from a senior-focused deliberative dialogue workshop in Metro Vancouver, Canada. Participants (16 service providers and 1 service recipient) identified services and resources available to support seniors in maintaining housing and barriers and facilitators for accessing services. Broadly, data were organized into seven themes: (1) Housing; (2) Home support; (3) Transportation; (4) Information availability, accessibility, and navigation; (5) Cultural diversity; (6) Discrimination; and (7) Funding and financial support. Results found that affordable housing that adapts to changing health conditions, income supports, health services, homecare, transportation, and culturally appropriate and nondiscriminatory informational resources are among the supports most needed for persons as young as 50 years old to succeed under the Housing First model in Metro Vancouver. Barriers to Housing First service provision, including rigid eligibility criteria for chronically and episodically homeless, should be revised to better support the growing number of older adults who are newly entering homelessness in Metro Vancouver. 相似文献
6.
This article provides an experimental analysis of attitude toward imprecise and variable information. Imprecise information
is provided in the form of a set of possible probability values, such that it is virtually impossible for the subjects to
guess or estimate, which one in the set is true or more likely to be true. We investigate how geometric features of such information
pieces affect choices. We find that the subjects care about more features than the pairs of best-case and worst-case, which
is a counter-evidence to the well-known models, maximin and α-maximin. We find that presence of nonextreme points in the set
affects choice, which suggests that attitude toward imprecision is ‘nonlinear.’ We also obtain an observation, though not
significant, that information pieces have a complementarity that may not be explained by the Bayesian view. 相似文献
7.
8.
Fathers' involvement in paid and unpaid activities and the notion of the ideal father is evolving in contemporary Western society. Little is known about how fathers construct balance in everyday life and what ideologies underpin these constructions. We explored balance using qualitative interviews with 15 men in dual-income heterosexual partnerships who had young children. Phenomenographic and critical discourse analyses generated two key constructions of balance: managing life and participating in a mix of activities. The first construction highlighted the subject position of the Ideal Father, which embraced the ideologies of the ideal father and the model paid worker. According to this construction, fathers attained balance by ensuring the family's financial security, participating in family life, and serving the greater good of the family by meeting its needs. The second construction reflected the Contented Man position, which was informed by the ideology of occupational justice. It emphasized that men achieved balance by engaging in diverse experiences, enjoying the freedom to spend time alone, and meeting personal needs. The tensions that arise among these three ideologies (ideal father, model paid worker, and occupational justice) can impede men's attainment of balance, which has implications for health and social policies and services. 相似文献
9.
Hiroyuki Matsuda Tokio Wada Yasuhiro Takeuchi Yoshiharu Matsumiya 《Researches on Population Ecology》1991,33(1):41-56
Summary It is well known that the stock abundance of a pelagic fish usually fluctuates and a species of pelagic fish which was dominant
in abundance is often taken over by another species. Several alternative models for species replacement among pelagic fishes
are presented and analyzed: (A) environmental fluctuation, (B) strong density-dependent reproduction rate, (C) a two-species
system with phase variation (density-dependent change of life history traits), (D) a two-species competition system with environmental
fluctuation, (E) cyclic advantage relationship among three competitive species, and (F) a two-prey, one-predator system. Different
model requires different number of species for the occurrence of species replacement. Three criteria to test each hypothesis
from qualitative properties of species replacement are proposed. Possible management policies to decrease the amplitude of
stock fluctuations are discussed. As a result, if the catching effort to mackerels which is rare now is large, or if the catching
effort to the sardine is still large when it begins to decline in stock abundance, fisheries may be strong destabilizing effect
on the stock abundance. 相似文献
10.
Introduction: We studied the effect of dutasteride on bone mineral density (BMD) in aging male patients with lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) and prostatic enlargement.Methods: We prospectively studied 17 patients with LUTS and prostatic enlargement. Before and 1 year after dutasteride (0.5?mg daily), we assessed International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS), prostatic volume (PV), serum prostatic-specific antigen (PSA) and testosterone. BMD in the lumbar and femur was measured by DEXA method.Results: Dutasteride significantly reduced PV (from 51?±?24 to 34?±?17?ml, p?0.001) and improved IPSS (from 15.1?±?9.8 to 11.7?±?10.3, p?0.05). Serum PSA was significantly decreased (from 3.2?±?2.6 to 1.0?±?0.8?ng/ml, p?0.001), while serum testosterone “was not changed” significantly. BMD of the lumbar “was not changed” significantly after dutasteride. BMD of the femur was significantly improved (from 0.75?±?0.14 to 0.82?±?0.16?g/cm2, p?0.01). In nine patients whose testosterone was increased after dutasteride, BMD of the lumbar (from 1.18?±?0.26 to 1.22?±?0.25?g/cm2, p?0.05) and femur (from 0.76?±?0.12 to 0.84?±?0.16?g/cm2, p?0.05) was significantly improved.Conclusions: Dutasteride has a potential to improve BMD with elevation of serum testosterone in aging male patients with LUTS and prostatic enlargement. 相似文献