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1.
Nick Cocco MA Louise Sharpe M. Psych. Alex P. Blaszczynski Ph.D. 《Journal of gambling studies / co-sponsored by the National Council on Problem Gambling and Institute for the Study of Gambling and Commercial Gaming》1995,11(2):221-229
Twelve problem poker machine players and thirteen horse race gamblers (20 males and 5 females; age range 28–69) completed a series of questionnaires which assessed levels of anxiety, their preferred state of arousal and their motivations to gamble. As predicted, problem poker machine gamblers were found to be more anxious and reported avoiding arousal more frequently than the horse race gamblers. Alternately, problem horse race gamblers were found to prefer heightened levels of arousal and appeared to gamble to achieve these optimal levels of arousal. However, there was no difference between the groups on proneness to boredom. The present results provide evidence which is consistent with the Reversal theory and its application to the field of problem gambling. 相似文献
2.
This chapter is about a very old question that is thrown up again in discussion related to ANT. Do orders have necessary limits to what can belong to them? It is possible to read ANT as containing or demanding a moral commitment to the inclusion of the disenfranchised. It can often seem to be in the business of giving credit where credit is due, spreading recognition to even the most unexpected quarters. To sustain itself such a morality would depend on the possibility of infinite inclusion. By identifying this picture of 'belonging-by-assemblage' and its traditional counterpart 'belonging-by-banishment' and by finding both at play within ANT, the papers argues that ANT is an ethical rather than a moral enterprise, bringing the unanswered question of the nature of belonging to bear across domains, rather than approaching each domain with a 'cookie-cutter' moral formula. The disturbing 'unsecuring' of belonging that ANT involves continues within the philosophical tradition ANT trades on and contributes to in the form of an abiding controversy over the place of the natural world. 相似文献
3.
GM Foods and the Misperception of Risk Perception 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
George Gaskell Nick Allum Wolfgang Wagner Nicole Kronberger Helge Torgersen Juergen Hampel Julie Bardes 《Risk analysis》2004,24(1):185-194
Public opposition to genetically modified (GM) food and crops is widely interpreted as the result of the public's misperception of the risks. With scientific assessment pointing to no unique risks from GM crops and foods, a strategy of accurate risk communication from trusted sources has been advocated. This is based on the assumption that the benefits of GM crops and foods are self-evident. Informed by the interpretation of some qualitative interviews with lay people, we use data from the Eurobarometer survey on biotechnology to explore the hypothesis that it is not so much the perception of risks as the absence of benefits that is the basis of the widespread rejection of GM foods and crops by the European public. Some respondents perceive both risks and benefits, and may be trading off these attributes along the lines of a rational choice model. However, for others, one attribute-benefit-appears to dominate their judgments: the lexicographic heuristic. For these respondents, their perception of risk is of limited importance in the formation of attitudes toward GM food and crops. The implication is that the absence of perceived benefits from GM foods and crops calls into question the relevance of risk communication strategies for bringing about change in public opinion. 相似文献
4.
As an exploration of the potential impact of fears of discrimination against GLBTs in long-term health care settings, this study compared perceptions of GLBT persons and heterosexuals. A total of 132 GLBT persons and 187 heterosexuals living in Eastern Washington completed a survey that contained demographic questions and perceptions of discrimination in long-term care settings. Most respondents suspected that staff and residents of care facilities discriminate against GLBTs. GLBT respondents who believed that residents of care facilities are victims of discrimination were more likely to believe that they would have to hide their sexual orientation if admitted to a care facility. GLBT respondents were more likely than heterosexual respondents to believe that GLBTs do not have equal access to health care and social services, that GLBTs residents of care facilities are victims of discrimination, that GLBT sensitivity training programs would benefit staff and residents of care facilities, and that GLBT retirement facilities would be a positive development for older GLBTs. This study is offered as a preliminary investigation of concerns about GLBT discrimination in health care settings, how concerns are expressed, and the implications of those concerns for health care needs. 相似文献
5.
Nick Axford 《International Journal of Social Welfare》2012,21(1):53-65
Axford N. Children and global social policy: exploring the impact of international governmental organisations International governmental organisations (IGOs) seek to influence child welfare policy and practice in individual sovereign states. But do they succeed and, if so, in what way? This article outlines the nature of selected IGOs' work, explores the nature of their impact and seeks to explain the pattern that emerges. It also notes areas for further research. 相似文献
6.
Functional Capacity Evaluations (FCE's) are part of practice in work injury prevention and rehabilitation, and are designed to define an individual's functional abilities or limitations in the context of safe, productive work tasks. Qualitative research methodology was used to investigate the attitudes and behaviours of health professionals in relation to FCE use. The study aimed to identify why health professionals chose a particular FCE, and to identify what factors influence health professionals' clinical judgements when providing results and recommendations for the individual being assessed. Five health professionals from the Hunter Region of New South Wales, Australia, participated in semi-structured, individual interviews using a phenomenological approach. Following inductive analysis of the data, four themes reflecting participants' attitudes and behaviours of FCE use emerged: i) referrals and expectations, including why and when the assessment is completed ii) outcomes, -- what the results aim to provide iii) workplace/practice/usage issues and iv) skills of the assessor. The results indicate the need for further research on the clinical utility of FCE's. A large scale quantitative study would allow results to be generalised to a wider community of FCE users. 相似文献
7.
Kushner MG Abrams K Donahue C Thuras P Frost R Kim SW 《Journal of gambling studies / co-sponsored by the National Council on Problem Gambling and Institute for the Study of Gambling and Commercial Gaming》2007,23(2):121-132
Cue-reactivity has received increased attention in addiction research, though not for gambling in particular. We examined
cue reactivity in 18 problem gamblers by accompanying them to a gaming casino and measuring their subjective urge to gamble
over a 1-h period. Half of the sample was additionally exposed to a gambling-specific negative mood induction (NMI) manipulation
via guided imagery. Overall, about two-thirds of the sample reported moderate to high-gambling urges during the casino exposure.
Additionally, the NMI reduced cue-reactivity. Finally, gambling urges in both groups decreased over the course of the exposure
sessions. These findings suggest that a majority of problem gamblers experience the urge to gamble when exposed to gambling
cues and that the intensity of these urges decrease with time, especially in the presence of a gambling-relevant NMI. Cue
exposure should be studied further as a potential tool in the treatment of problem gambling. 相似文献
8.
Virtual Interpersonal Touch and Digital Chameleons 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
We studied the characteristics of hand touch with a mechanical device that approximated a handshake, and we then examined
the effect of handshake mimicry on assessment of a partner. Two participants interacted with a force-feedback joystick that
recorded each of their hand movements individually. The two participants then greeted one another by feeling the recording
of the other person’s movements via the force-feedback device. For each dyad, one of the participants actually received his
or her own virtual handshake back under the guise that it was the other person’s virtual handshake. Results demonstrated three
significant findings. First, for any given participant, a metric that took into account position, angle, speed, and acceleration
of the hand movements correlated highly within individuals across two handshakes. Second, across participants, these metrics
demonstrated specific differences by gender. Finally, there was an interaction between gender and mimicry, such that male
participants liked people who mimicked their handshakes more than female participants did. We discuss the implications of
these findings and relate them to theories of social interaction.
相似文献
Jeremy N. BailensonEmail: |
9.
Government officials like the idea of just a small number of households in their respective jurisdiction receiving social assistance. A large number is seen as costly to the public treasury, and declining caseloads are generally viewed as a mark of success for both the economy and the government of the day. But what factors account for the size of a Canadian province's social assistance caseload? This article aims to shed light on this question, with a focus on single adults without dependants (and without serious disabilities) during the 1989–2017 period. One important finding is that when the value of social assistance benefit levels for this group increases by 1% in a province, the social assistance caseload for this demographic rises by 0.457%. Put differently, there is indeed an important behavior response associated with higher benefit levels. In response, we propose that provincial officials budget for higher take up levels when they increase benefit levels for this household group. 相似文献
10.
Ruth Simpson Savita Kumra Patricia Lewis Nick Rumens 《Gender, Work and Organization》2020,27(2):181-197
Drawing largely on a high‐profile case of unequal pay at the BBC (British Broadcasting Corporation) as an illustrative example, this conceptual article considers differences and interrelationships between merit and deservingness, where the latter captures how, through appropriate performances, merit is given recognition and value. We propose a performative understanding of deservingness that highlights its gendered and embodied dimensions. Informed by Judith Butler's account of gender performativity, we show that, while merit is conventionally conceptualized as a relatively fixed set of attributes (qualifications, skill) 'attached' to the individual, deservingness captures how, in gendered terms, value and recognition are both claimed and conferred. As we argue, a gendered, deserving subject does not pre‐exist but is performatively constituted through embodied practices and performances of what is seen as worthy in a particular time and place. 相似文献