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1.
In this article, we consider a linear model in which the covariates are measured with errors. We propose a t-type corrected-loss estimation of the covariate effect, when the measurement error follows the Laplace distribution. The proposed estimator is asymptotically normal. In practical studies, some outliers that diminish the robustness of the estimation occur. Simulation studies show that the estimators are resistant to vertical outliers and an application of 6-minute walk test is presented to show that the proposed method performs well. 相似文献
2.
Nils Chr Stenseth Ottar N. Bj?rnstad Takashi Saitoh 《Researches on Population Ecology》1998,40(1):85-95
We interpret gradients in population dynamics of the gray-sided vole from the southwestern part of the island of Hokkaido
to its northeastern part within the framework of a phenomenological model involving the relative length of summer and winter.
In Hokkaido, as in other northern regions, both spring and fall is considered as short transition periods between the two
main seasons — summer (the primary breeding season) and winter (the non-reproductive or secondary breeding season). We show
that the geographic transition in dynamics may be understood as the combined consequence of different patterns of density-dependence
during summer and winter, and geographically varying season lengths. Differences are shown to exist between summer and winter
with respect to strength of density-dependence. Direct density-dependence, in particular, is stronger during winter than during
summer. A model is presented to show how relative lengths of seasons can induce both stable and periodically fluctuating population
dynamics. The results are compared and contrasted with what is otherwise known about the gradient in rodent dynamics in Fennoscandia. 相似文献
3.
Jan Stokkebekk Anette Iversen Ragnhild Hollekim Ottar Ness 《Journal of marital and family therapy》2021,47(1):52-68
This qualitative study aims to explore how noncohabiting parenting couples in prolonged conflict construct the other parent and themselves. Ten parents from five parent couples were interviewed. A dyadic analytical design was used, where parent's stories of conflict were analyzed in parallel with their co‐parent. Drawing on positioning theory, self‐identity as parents emerged as implicit counter positions in storylines, which construct the co‐parent as “the troublesome other.” Two typologies of conflicted storylines were prominent in the findings: storylines of violations of trust, positioning the co‐parents in relation to traumatic events in the past and, storylines of who is bad, positioning the co‐parent as either a disloyal co‐parent or a dysfunctional parent. The findings indicate that prolonged conflicts made it impossible to find available positions for cooperation. We argue that family therapists should aid each household toward promoting child and family resilience rather than continued efforts to solve chronic conflicts. 相似文献
4.
This paper is concerned with the determination of reorder points and safety-stock levels for situations where both the demand and lead-time distributions are discrete and independent. Formulas are developed for computing exact probabilities for the lead-time demand distribution on the basis of empirical distributions. Practitioners can use the model to obtain exact probabilities for situations where the computational burden is justified, while academicians can use the model to evaluate heuristic approaches to the reorder-point problem. 相似文献
5.
Humanist perspectives on criminology incorporate the role of the state in affecting basic justice processes. Separate scholarly
work by Alfred McClung Lee, Richard Quinney, and others set the stage for viable alternatives embodied in peacemaking and
restorative justice. Tie-ins between critical humanist criminology critiques, basic sociology views toward society, and current
developments in alternative justice models are assessed. An evaluation of how humanist criminology has transformed conceptions
of community participation (as stressed in the original humanist sociology perspective) will serve as an integral analysis
in assessing the impact of social justice models. 相似文献
6.
7.
Takashi Saitoh Nils Chr Stenseth Ottar N. Bj?rnstad 《Researches on Population Ecology》1998,40(1):61-76
Population dynamics of the gray sided-vole,Clethrionomys rufocanus, in Hokkaido, Japan were described on the basis of 225 time series (being from 12 to 31 years long); 194 of the time series
have a length of 23 years or longer. The time series were classified into 11 groups according to geographic proximity and
topographic characteristics of the island of Hokkaido. Mean abundance varied among populations from 1.07 to 21.07 individuals
per 150 trap-nights. The index of variability for population fluctuation (s-index) ranged from 0.204 to 0.629. Another index for population variability (amplitude on log-10 scale) ranged from 0.811
to 2.743. Mean abundance and variability of populations were higher in the more northern and eastern regions of the island.
Most populations, except for the southernmost populations, exhibited significant direct density-dependence in population growth.
Detection rate for delayed density-dependence varied among groups from 0% to 22.6%. Both direct and delayed density-dependence
tended to be stronger in the more northern and eastern populations. The proportion of cyclic populations was higher in the
northern-eastern areas than that in the southern-western areas. There was a clear gradient from the asynchronous populations
in southwest, to the highly synchronized populations in the northeast. 相似文献
8.
A fast routine for converting regression algorithms into corresponding orthogonal regression (OR) algorithms was introduced in Ammann and Van Ness (1988). The present paper discusses the properties of various ordinary and robust OR procedures created using this routine. OR minimizes the sum of the orthogonal distances from the regression plane to the data points. OR has three types of applications. First, L 2 OR is the maximum likelihood solution of the Gaussian errors-in-variables (EV) regression problem. This L 2 solution is unstable, thus the robust OR algorithms created from robust regression algorithms should prove very useful. Secondly, OR is intimately related to principal components analysis. Therefore, the routine can also be used to create L 1, robust, etc. principal components algorithms. Thirdly, OR treats the x and y variables symmetrically which is important in many modeling problems. Using Monte Carlo studies this paper compares the performance of standard regression, robust regression, OR, and robust OR on Gaussian EV data, contaminated Gaussian EV data, heavy-tailed EV data, and contaminated heavy-tailed EV data. 相似文献
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10.
Logan L. Watts Alisha M. Ness Logan M. Steele Michael D. Mumford 《The Leadership Quarterly》2018,29(2):276-294
Stories about notable, 20th-century politicians were investigated as a means by which reading stories of leadership influences subsequent ethical decision-making performance. Undergraduates read four short stories in which charismatic politicians exhibited a personalized, socialized, or neutral power orientation, followed by responding to four ethical dilemmas in the marketing domain—a distant transfer task. Results indicated that reading stories featuring personalized protagonists inhibited subsequent ethical decision-making processes. However, intensity of narrative processing, personal identification with the protagonist, and presence or absence of an ethical salience probe moderated these effects. Implications are discussed regarding the use of stories as a tool for ethical development and the importance of managing stories of leadership circulated throughout organizations and society. 相似文献