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排序方式: 共有55条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Examining Localized Patterns of Air Quality Perception in Texas: A Spatial and Statistical Analysis 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Environmental and human health issues associated with outdoor air pollution, such as ozone, sulfur dioxide, and other pollutants in metropolitan regions, are an area of growing concern for both policy officials and the general public. Increasing attention from the news media, new health data, and public debate over the effectiveness of clean air regulations have raised the importance of air quality in the public consciousness. While public perceptions of air quality have been studied thoroughly dating back to the 1960s, little empirical research has been conducted to explain the spatial aspects of these perceptions, particularly at the local level. Although recent studies suggest characteristics of local setting are important in shaping perceptions of air quality, the roles of proximity, neighborhood characteristics, and location have not been clarified. This study seeks to improve understanding of the major factors shaping public perceptions of air quality by examining the spatial pattern of local risk perception, the role of socioeconomic characteristics in forming these perceptions, and the relationship between perceived and scientifically measured air pollution. First, we map the spatial pattern of local air quality perceptions using Geographic Information Systems (GIS) across the Dallas and Houston metropolitan areas. Next, we explain these perceptions through local contextual factors using both bivariate correlations and multivariate regression analysis. Results indicate that perceptions of air quality in the study areas are not significantly correlated with air quality based on readings of air monitoring stations. Instead, perceptions appear to be influenced by setting (urban vs. rural), state identification, access to information, and socioeconomic characteristics such as age, race, and political identification. We discuss the implications of the findings and provide direction on how further research can provide a deeper understanding of the local contextual factors influencing public perceptions. 相似文献
2.
This paper outlines research aimed at developing novel planning and scheduling reference models for industrial sectors where the MRPII paradigm is not appropriate. It outlines the process mapping approach adopted, the data capture method developed for the case study companies, the use of ARIS (Scheer's) enterprise modelling tool, and the first stages in the production of sector reference models. 相似文献
3.
Peck JM 《Population bulletin》1974,29(5):3-32
This article discusses Frejka's analysis of alternative paths to zero population growth. A net reproduction rate (NRR) of 1 is a vital step in reaching zero growth, but because of age distribution variances, it does not necessarily represent zero growth. The projections described here include: 1)the immediate path of achieving NRR of 1 in 1970-1975: 2)rapid path of an NRR of 1 in 2000-2005: and 3)slow path of NRR of 1 in 2040-2045. The population of the world in the year 2000 would be respectively: 5,700,000,000; 6,000000,000; and 7,000,000,000. Zero growth would be reached in 2000 for the immediate path; in 2100 with a population of 8,000,000,000 in the rapid path; and in 2045 with a population of 15,000,000,000. Individual projections are also given for several countries on different continents. 相似文献
4.
This article is addressed to those interested in how Bayesian approaches can be brought to bear on research and development planning and management issues. It provides a conceptual framework for estimating the value of information to environmental policy decisions. The methodology is applied to assess the expected value of research concerning the effects of acidic deposition on forests. To calculate the expected value of research requires modeling the possible actions of policymakers under conditions of uncertainty. Information is potentially valuable only if it leads to actions that differ from the actions that would be taken without the information. The relevant issue is how research on forest effects would change choices of emissions controls from those that would be made in the absence of such research. The approach taken is to model information with a likelihood function embedded in a decision tree describing possible policy options. The value of information is then calculated as a function of information accuracy. The results illustrate how accurate the information must be to have an impact on the choice of policy options. The results also illustrate situations in which additional research can have a negative value. 相似文献
5.
Raymond Deneckere James Peck 《Econometrica : journal of the Econometric Society》2012,80(3):1185-1247
This paper studies a dynamic model of perfectly competitive price posting under demand uncertainty. Firms must produce output in advance. After observing aggregate sales in prior periods, firms post prices for their unsold output. In each period, the demand of a new batch of consumers is randomly activated. Existing customers who have not yet bought and then new customers arrive at the market in random order, observe the posted prices, and either purchase at the lowest available price or delay their purchase decision. We construct a sequential equilibrium in which the output produced and its allocation across consumers is efficient. Thus consumers endogenously sort themselves efficiently, with the highest valuations purchasing first. Transaction prices in each period rise continuously, as firms become more optimistic about demand, followed by a market correction. By the last period, prices are market clearing. 相似文献
6.
Martin J. Conyon Simon I. Peck Graham V. Sadler 《Journal of Management and Governance》2011,15(1):29-58
We develop a multi-theoretic approach, drawing on economic, institutional, managerial power and social comparison literatures
to explain the role of the external compensation consultant in the top management pay setting institutional field. Taking
advantage of recent disclosure requirements in the UK, we collect data on compensation consultant use in 232 large companies.
We show that consultants are a prevalent part of the CEO pay setting scene, and document evidence of all advisor use. Our
econometric results show that consultant use is associated with firm size and the equity pay mix. We also show that CEO pay
is positively associated with peer firms that share consultants, with higher board and consultant interlocks, and some evidence
that where firms supply other business services to the firm, CEO pay is greater. 相似文献
7.
Brodish AB Cogburn CD Fuller-Rowell TE Peck S Malanchuk O Eccles JS 《Race and social problems》2011,3(3):160-169
Perceived racial discrimination (PRD) has been implicated in undermining the mental and physical health of racial/ethnic minorities
(e.g., Williams et al. in Am J Public Health 93:200–208, 2003; Wong et al. in J Pers 71:1197–1232, 2003). Researchers have begun to explore the indirect role of health behaviors as one factor in helping to explain this relationship.
The goal of the present study was to examine the relationship between PRD and a wide range of health behaviors using a prospective,
longitudinal design and to explore the role of gender in moderating these relationships. Using data from the Maryland Adolescent
Development in Context Study, we examined the relationship between adolescent PRD (accumulated across ages 14–21) and health
behaviors (i.e., diet, substance use, exercise) at age 30 in a sample of middle-class black men and women. Using structural
equation modeling, results revealed that more cumulative PRD during adolescence was associated with less healthy eating, more
substance use (among men), and more exercise (among women) in young adulthood. Implications of these findings for understanding
the role of health behaviors in explaining the link between PRD and health outcomes are considered. 相似文献
8.
Dennis L. Peck 《Journal of sex research》2013,50(2):249-254
While sexuality is the focus of extensive research, the concept has not been adequately defined. In this paper, sexuality is defined as the individual capacity to respond to physical experiences which are capable of producing body‐centered genital excitation, that only subsequently becomes associated with cognitive constructs (either anticipatory for new experiences or reflective of past experiences) independent of ongoing physical experiences. The discussion focuses on four components of this definition: that sexuality is an individual capacity, is experiential, is body‐oriented, and is directed toward genital excitation. 相似文献
9.
10.
Interdisciplinary teamwork is the foundation for the delivery of hospice care. This project interviewed 23 hospice social workers by telephone to explore their experiences with hospice team collaboration. Two research questions were explored: (1) What do social workers perceive as the strengths of interdisciplinary collaboration and (2) What are the challenges for social workers on interdisciplinary hospice teams? Participants identified issues related to team process, administrative processes, and barriers to effective team collaboration. Collaboration was said to be fostered by good communication, trust, roles, joint visitation, respect, team building activities, and administrative interest and support. Challenges to collaboration included large caseloads, a focus on the medical model, limited visits, personality and team conflict. Opportunities for improved collaboration between social workers and hospice team members exist through active evaluation of collaboration and strategic initiatives aimed at improving collaboration. 相似文献