Wheels within wheels and systems within systems The assessment process

SUMMARY. To assess the problems and needs of a disturbed child or adolescent, there should be an awareness of many interacting conceptual systems within which the individual exists and develops. This paper highlights the theoretical view that an individual cannot be fully understood within any single theoretical framework or system Using an awareness of the hierarchy of systems., formulations are set out to allow for logical interventions at one or more of these levels; thus reducing the need for professionals to decide on the ‘right’ intervention or treatment for any individual or family     

别再说将来

每次听见老公"我一切努力都是为了我们的将来,所以你应该要体谅呀"这类画大饼的话时,心中总觉得不以为然.     

The use of survey techniques in the review and evaluation of manufacturing projects

Leyland DAF arc commercial vehicle manufacturers based in Leyland, Lancashire. The commercial vehicle industry is characterized by a requirement for regular model changes to support both marketing and legislative developments. The industry is continually striving for improvements in the processes com rolling these changes. This paper explains how a project review procedure, utilizing surveying techniques, was established to evaluate the effectiveness of existing product introduction/modification procedures and hence highlight areas for improvement. The system is now in regular use on new vehicle projects of all types, including both the introduction of new models and product transfers between assembly plants. Potential areas for improvement, identified by surveys that have been completed to date, have been included as objectives for the next generation of new model introductions. These process improvement initiatives can now be investigated pro-actively and the potential risks removed before the errors recur.     

Abstinence-Only: Are You Not Working the Program or Is the Program Not Working for You?

Low retention rates are common in substance use treatment programs. The dominant model of service delivery in the United States is abstinence-only, a high-threshold service delivery model requiring abstinence. What “doesn’t work” for the client—from the client point of view—is an overlooked source of insight about client engagement and disengagement. We report client counter-narratives about the choice to disengage from abstinence-based services, shifting from a story of “dropouts” to one of self-respect. Understanding why clients choose to disengage from treatment can help us as practitioners to “meet clients where they are” and enhance engagement in substance abuse treatment.     

International News Selection by the Elite Press: A Case Study

This study examines the news factors influencing the selectionof international news for publication—frequency, threshold,unambiguity, meaningfulness, personal and national elitism,and negativity. The subject of investigation is The Times (London)during a two-week period (January-February, 1975). Comparisonsare made between published and unpublished news events, codedaccording to World Event/Interaction Survey event categories.To avoid some of the problems inherent in testing individualnews factors, the complementarity and additivity hypotheseswere also tested; both are supported by the data. In addition,relevance of the study to policy issues such as agenda settingby the press and recent Third World criticism of Western newscoverage is discussed.     

Latent Variable Modelling: A Survey*

Abstract. Latent variable modelling has gradually become an integral part of mainstream statistics and is currently used for a multitude of applications in different subject areas. Examples of ‘traditional’ latent variable models include latent class models, item–response models, common factor models, structural equation models, mixed or random effects models and covariate measurement error models. Although latent variables have widely different interpretations in different settings, the models have a very similar mathematical structure. This has been the impetus for the formulation of general modelling frameworks which accommodate a wide range of models. Recent developments include multilevel structural equation models with both continuous and discrete latent variables, multiprocess models and nonlinear latent variable models.