Career Self‐Efficacy and Perceptions of Parent Support in Adolescent Career Development

The authors examined the relative contributions of both proximal and distal supports to the career interests and vocational self‐efficacy in a multiethnic sample (N = 139) of middle school adolescents. Consistent with Social Cognitive Career Theory, it was found that (a) vocational self‐efficacy and career planning/exploration efficacy consistently predicted young adolescents' career interests across Holland (J. L. Holland, D. R. Whitney, N. S. Cole, & J. M. Richards, 1969) themes; (b) gender and career gender‐typing predicted interests in Realistic, Investigative, and Social careers; and (c) perceived parent support accounted for 29% to 43% of the total unique variance in vocational self‐efficacy for all Holland theme careers.     

Testing an Integrative Contextual Career Development Model With Adolescents From High‐Poverty Urban Areas

Variations in the economic recovery rate across the United States have led to even greater chasms that separate the employed, unemployed, and underemployed (DeSilver, 2017 ). Therefore, understanding and supporting the career development of future generations is critical—especially for those who live outside the context of social privilege. The authors examined the applicability of the integrative contextual model of career development (ICM; Lapan, 2004 ) to a sample of 220 adolescents (129 boys, 91 girls) from a high‐poverty urban area. Results indicated that a canonical variate comprising foundational ICM skills (e.g., career exploration, goal setting) predicted a variate composed of ICM outcomes (e.g., self‐efficacy, vocational identity), thus supporting the usefulness of the ICM framework for this population. The skill of setting viable career goals was an especially strong predictor of outcomes. Implications for career counseling with adolescents living in high‐poverty urban areas and directions for future research are discussed.     

South Korean College Students' Holland Types and Career Compromise Processes

This study explored South Korean college students' career compromise processes and examined whether preferences for sex type, prestige, or interests would be differentiated by Holland theme interest types, gender, or college major. Participants were South Korean undergraduate students from 2 universities in Seoul, South Korea. They were asked to choose 1 occupation from each of 168 pairs of occupations using a forced‐choice format. A total of 376 surveys were analyzed. There were significant main effects for Holland interest types and for gender but not for college major on their career compromise processes. Implications for career counselors and researchers are discussed.     

A Label Superiority Effect in Children's Categorization of Facial Expressions

In three studies (N's = 360, 68, 160), children (2 to 7 years of age) were asked to categorize various facial expressions. The emotion category was specified to the child by its label (such as happy), its facial expression (such as a smile), or both. From the youngest to the oldest children and for all 3 emotion categories examined (happiness, anger, and sadness), results showed a Label Superiority Effect: emotion labels resulted in more accurate categorization than did the corresponding facial expression. Errors conformed to a structural model emphasizing the dimension of pleasure‐displeasure.     

Maintenance work: Interrogating the sociology of art

The following article explores the different ways art sociologists investigate art that is based in the participatory arts. The aim is to shift the empirical focus to the art practice, which speaks for itself, and to place the work of the artist and all who cooperate or collaborate in the making of the artwork at the center of sociological analysis. By allowing the artist to speak fully about their work, art sociologists can uncover new social and cultural phenomena and better understand the different motivations underlying art-making. The following literature highlights the recent tendencies in the sociology of art, explores the “social turn” in art and presents different sociologists who focus on the art practice and the art’s voice. For further development of the field, I suggest the sociology of art needs to catch-up with the recent tendencies in art by placing the empirical focus on participatory art practices that will not only give us a better understanding about the intricate actions taking place in the art making, but it will also illuminate new layers of social life that are hidden. To conclude, I suggest that sociologists engage with participatory-based artists to enhance sociology through a public sociology of art.     

On becoming a prostitute: An exploratory case‐comparison study

We examined the effects of sexual arousal on cortical somatosensory evoked potentials (SEPs) elicited by electrical stimulation delivered to the skin over either the dorsal penile or posterior tibial nerve. The electrical stimuli were initiated by the subject pressing a button. In Experiment 1, a single stimulus was delivered immediately upon button press. In Experiment 2, a randomly spaced train of stimuli was delivered after a randomly varying delay. SEPs were obtained during (1) a baseline condition during which subjects viewed a non‐erotic videotape, (2) an arousal condition in which subjects viewed an erotic videotape, and (3) a post‐orgasm condition during which subjects again viewed the non‐erotic videotape. Amplitudes of SEP components elicited by stimulation of either nerve decreased with sexual arousal and tended to return towards baseline values in the post‐orgasm condition. The SEP components that showed these changes included slow potentials generated before and after stimulus delivery, as well as the vertex potentials, N100 and P200.     

In memoriam

Carter, Carol Sue (Ed.) Hormones and Sexual Behavior. Stroudsburg, Pa: Dowden, Hutchingson &; Ross, Inc. 1974. 362 pp. $20.00

Colton, Helen. “Sex After the Sexual Revolution,” New York: Association Press, 1972, pp. 256.

Felstein, Ivor. Sex in Later Life. Middlesex, England: Penguin Books, 1973. 144 pp. $1.45.

Lesse, Stanley, M.D. To Be or Not to Be an Illness? That is the Question—Or—The Status of Homosexuality. American Journal of Psychotherapy, XXVIII, Nr 1, Jan. 1974.

Libby, R. W. and Robert N. Whitehurst (Eds.) Renovating Marriage. Danville, Cal.: Consensus Publishers, 1973. pp 366 (paper bound)

Martinson, Floyd M. Infant and Child Sexuality: A Sociological Perspective. St. Peter, Minn 56082: The Book Mark, GAC, 1973. 146 pages, $3.60.

Person, Ethel, M.D. and Lionel Ovesey, M.D. The Transsexual Syndrome in Males. I. Primary Transsexualism. Am. J. Psychotherapy, XXVIII # 1, 1974.

Ribal, Joseph E. Learning Sex Roles, American and Scandinavian Contrasts. San Francisco, Calif.: Canfield Press (a Division of Harper and Row, New York). 1973 pp. 270 (paper bound)

Vanggaard, Thorkil. Phallós. A Symboland its History in the Male World. New York: International Universities Press, 1973. 208 pages, 28 illustrations. $9.00.

Wolfers, David and Wolfers, Helen. Vasectomy and Vasectomania, Mayflower Books, Ltd., Frogmore, St. Albans, Hertshire AL2 2NF, 1974, 266 pages, $1.95, (soft cover).

Zubin, Joseph &; John Money (Ed.) Contemporary Sexual Behavior‐Critical issues in 1970s. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins Press, 1973, 468 pages, $15.00.