On a Dualization of Graphical Gaussian Models: A Correction Note

Abstract.  We correct two proofs concerning Markov properties for graphs representing marginal independence relations.     

On the Extension of the Utilitarian and Suppes–Sen Social Welfare Relations to Infinite Utility Streams

Extensions of a utilitarian and a Suppes–Sen grading principle defined on infinite utility streams are characterized with a stronger notion of Anonymity and without any consistency postulate. The relative merits of the Extended Utilitarian relation are discussed and its rankings are compared with those of the overtaking criterion and the Basu–Mitra Utilitarian relation.I am indebted to Tapan Mitra for several insightful discussions on the subject matter of this paper and on intertemporal social choice theory in general. I thank a Managing Editor for meticulously reading through two versions of the paper and two anonymous referees of this journal for providing detailed comments, pointing out errors and suggesting expositional changes. I also thank Kaushik Basu for his comments. I am responsible for any remaining errors.     

A comparison of three methods of estimating the logistic regression coefficients

A Sampling experiment performed using data collected for a large clinical trial shows that the discriminant function estimates of the logistic regression coefficients for discrete variables may be severely biased. The simulations show that the mixed variable location model coefficient estimates have bias which is of the same magnitude as the bias in the coefficient estimates obtained using conditional maximum likelihood estimates but require about one-tenth of the computer time.     

Disease-related stigma: comparing predictors of AIDS and cancer stigma

This study explores the prevalence of AIDS and cancer stigma as influenced by attitude toward homosexuality, religiosity, authoritarianism, and androgyny. This study used a quasi-experimental survey design (N = 485) to examine attitude toward people with AIDS and cancer, and interaction with people with AIDS and cancer. Negative attitudes toward homosexuality, high religious intensity and ideology, high authoritarianism, and low expressive emerged as factors related to more negative attitudes toward people with AIDS and unwillingness to interact with people with AIDS. Attitudes toward people with cancer were generally not related to the variables. Findings explore how to campaign efforts to reduce existing negative attitudes toward AIDS and homosexuality, given that gay men with AIDS are especially stigmatized. Implications and directions for future research are discussed, especially for interventions.     

Correction to: Effect of reduced opportunities on bargaining outcomes: an experiment with status asymmetries

Theory and Decision - Part of the equation in sub-section “Key findings” is missing in the original publication of the article. The error was caused by the fact that the equation, due...     

The Leverage of Protest: Market,Media, and Reputational Disruption in Social Movement Success

How do social movements gain concessions from large corporations? The ability of protests to attain leverage by imposing disruption costs on their targets is widely assumed but less often tested. In this article, we assess the ability of protests to attain concessions by disrupting three broad sources of interest to firm officials: maximizing shareholder value, gaining positive media, and fostering a well-reputed image. In contrast to the body of research on the benefits to movements from shaping media discourses and damaging the reputations of their targets, we find that only market disruption provides protests with leverage. We show this through statistical analyses of an original database of protests against large corporations in the United States over five years, 2005–2009. This study advances social movement and organizational research by demonstrating the ways in which the interests of large corporations provide insurgents with means of attaining leverage over their targets. It also speaks to the broad debate over the importance of disrupting the material versus symbolic interests of movement targets. Our results suggest that when it comes to obtaining concessions from large corporations, it is material disruption and not symbolic disruption that provides movements with leverage.     

“Men never cry”: Teaching Mormon Manhood in the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints

We examine the ways Mormon leaders establish “what it means to be a man” for their followers. Based on content analysis of over 40 years of archival material, we analyze how Mormon leaders represent manhood as the ability to signify control over self and others as well as an inability to be controlled. Specifically, we demonstrate how these representations stress controlling the self, emotional and sexual expression, and others while emphasizing the development of self-reliance and independence from others’ control. We draw out implications for understanding (1) how religious leaders create ideal notions of manhood, (2) what the religious interpretations of secular constructions of manhood are, and (3) how these relate to the reproduction of gender inequalities.     

Effect of reduced opportunities on bargaining outcomes: an experiment with status asymmetries

Theory and Decision - Several allocation rules (such as the Kalai–Smorodinsky solution) allow for possible violations of the ‘independence of irrelevant alternatives’ (IIA) axiom...