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Self-Rated Health (SRH) is becoming one of the most popular indicator of population health. Nevertheless, a limited understanding still remains about the elements to which individuals refer when evaluating their health and how those elements act and interact in the evaluation process. In this study we use a structural equation model with latent variables to identify direct and indirect influences of various health dimensions (chronic morbidity, functional abilities and emotional health) and socio-demographic covariates (age, gender and education) on poor SRH. The sample consists of 25,183 Italian elderly aged 65 years and over, interviewed in the 2005 National Health Interview Survey. The results have pointed out the higher direct effect of psychological and emotional health on SRH, while the higher total effect is caused by chronic morbidity, which influences SRH both directly and altering functional and emotional health. Growing older, being a woman and having a low education negatively impacts on SRH. However, this is almost completely the result of the indirect effect exerted by the covariates, while their direct effect is not significant (gender), negative (age) or very modest (education). 相似文献
3.
Rodríguez CI 《Work (Reading, Mass.)》2012,41(Z1):5576-5578
This work is based on the ergonomic approach and the principles of universal design, with the aim of establishing the cognitive design features that interfaces must comply, for older adults achieve a good performance during their interaction with technological aids. Describes the analysis of exploratory experiences with a group of 17 older adults was aimed first to establish the main barriers to implementation that arise during these activities, and secondly to set the variables to be addressed and the procedure required to develop depth study, where the relationship establish between the quality of the stimuli and the level of performance achieved in the implementation of older adults with interfaces, observing each of the cognitive functions that promote independence, attention, motivation, memory these processes. The study in depth, looking for describe gaps and mismatches encountered during execution, which hamper the harmonious interaction processes through participatory methodological approach that allows to specify requirements for the creation of stimulating interfaces for cognitive skills and committed with the levels of autonomy of the elderly. 相似文献
4.
This note is an answer to a previous model on conformity in public goods contributions developed by Carpenter (2004), where a population evolution is allowed according to the standard replicator dynamic (Taylor and Jonker, 1978, Maynard Smith, 1982). To confirm his theoretical prediction, Carpenter developed an experiment showing that free riding actually grows faster when agents have the information necessary to conform. The model and the experiment are, however, inherently different, for the time scales of the model are not able to capture the short run convergence of behavior in the experimental laboratory.We here present a model of conformity which offers the same laboratory results as Carpenter without resorting to evolutionary models, and also gives agents the chance to adopt different strategies implying various levels of cooperation. 相似文献
5.
Social service nonprofit organizations in the United States originally relied on private donations and charitable events to sustain their operations. Using case studies, this article examines the role played by local officials in the thirty‐year survival of certain Indiana Youth Services Bureaus (YSBs) and highlights the salient factors that influenced the viability of some nonprofit organizations over the others. 相似文献
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7.
Viviana A. Zelizer 《Sociological Forum》1996,11(3):481-495
Monetary payments fall into three categories: gift, entitlement, and compensation. Each one corresponds to a significantly
different set of social relations and systems of meanings. People making payments use a number of earmarking techniques to
distinguish those categories of social relations and meanings from each other, impose substantial controls over the proper
uses of money received within each category, and attach great importance to the distinctions involved, thus creating partly
separate currencies even when the medium involved is legal tender. In the United States, bureaucratization, commercialization,
and monetization significantly altered the scope, form, and content of monetary gifts, entitlements, and compensation, but
did not reduce the importance of such earmarking and control. Investigation of (1) bonuses in commercial firms and (2) sexual
payments illustrate the significance of these principles.
In keeping with the bridge this paper makes between past and present work, I have adapted a substantial section of the text
from various parts ofThe Social Meaning of Money (1994). I am grateful to audiences that have responded to different versions of the paper at the session “Lumping and Splitting,”
1995 Annual Meetings of the Eastern Sociological Association, the Department of Sociology, University of Pennsylvania, and
the University of Miami Law School, and to Eviatar Zerubavel for his encouragement to prepare this version. 相似文献
8.
In this article, we introduce the slashed power-Lindley distribution. This model can be seen as an extension of the power-Lindley distribution with more flexibility in terms of the kurtosis of distribution. It arises as the ratio of two independent random variables, the one being a power-Lindley distribution and a power of the uniform distribution. We present properties and carry out estimates of the model parameters by the maximum likelihood method. Finally, we conduct a small simulation study to evaluate the performance of maximum likelihood estimators and we analyze a real data set to illustrate the usefulness of the new model. 相似文献
9.
In Chile, as in other Latin American countries, most children born outside of marriage are born to currently cohabiting couples. After having their first child, parents could marry, separate, or experience no change in union status. This paper explores changes in cohabitation that occur after the birth of the first child in Chile and analyzes how these changes might be associated with the birth of children and socioeconomic status. The data come from the New Chilean Family Survey, a small longitudinal survey administered to women after giving birth (n = 564). I use life tables and event history techniques to assess changes in respondent union status up to 4 years after the birth of the first child, and to study the transitions out of cohabitation. The results indicate that the unions in the sample are relatively stable, because less than 40 percent of cohabiters change status over the period of 4 years. However, marriage still appears to be a more stable type of union than cohabitation. Among cohabiters, there is evidence of a nonlinear relation between union stability and educational attainment, because the most stable unions are the unions of women with a high school diploma and not the unions of women who did not complete their secondary education. Having planned the first birth and the birth of an additional child seems to consolidate the cohabiting union, because these variables are not related to the entry into marriage, but they are related to lower risks of dissolution. These findings suggest that the Chilean case differs from the cases of Europe and the United States. 相似文献
10.
It is well documented that childhood sexual abuse is associated with deleterious outcomes in the areas of anxiety, depression, and sexual functioning. However, very little research has been conducted to specifically investigate childhood sexual abuse's relationship to adult social anxiety in both males and females. Participants included 250 undergraduate students from a large metropolitan university. Results indicated that almost one-third of males and a little over a third of females reported being sexually abused as a child or adolescent. Although a large portion of the sample exhibited socially anxious symptomology, childhood sexual abuse did not place males and females at increased risk for social anxiety. The use of a nonclinical, college student sample may provide researchers the opportunity to investigate resiliency in individuals with a history of childhood sexual abuse. 相似文献