考虑保险缓释条件的我国商业银行操作风险度量

巴塞尔新资本协议(2004)规定,在使用高级度量法(AMA)度量操作风险最低资本金时,银行可以考虑操作风险保险缓释效应.本文将保险合同纳入极值理论度量我国商业银行操作风险,考虑了银行投保后面临的新风险,如还款不确定性,交易对手风险等.通过实证分析,得出保险对我国商业银行操作风险损失的缓释作用.     

The meaning of frailty according to Dutch older frail and non-frail persons

Frailty is a term often used by researchers and clinicians to describe a state in which older persons are at risk for adverse outcomes such as falls, disability, institutionalization and mortality. However, no study so far examined what frailty means to older persons. Therefore the aim of this study was to describe the meaning that older community-dwelling persons attach to frailty. Twenty-five semi-structured interviews were conducted. The interviews were analyzed using the grounded theory method. Frailty was described as being in poor health, having walking difficulties, feeling down, being anxious, having few social contacts and not being able to do the things one likes to do. Men described in more detail the physical dimension whereas women elaborated in more depth on the psychological and social component. Existing definitions of frailty should be adjusted to better reflect the meaning of frailty for older persons.     

贤人之治的当代民主嬗变

从本质上看,贤人之治是一种“精英专政”,在历史进程中衍生出政治的宗法化、道德化倾向,展露了其政治哲学的工具化、实用化特征,反映了传统儒学社会“公”领域的缺陷,因此与当代民主行政的核心价值相异。目前我国的民主治道变革面临双重任务：一方面,从贤人之治的传统德治主义向理性官僚制的范式变迁是民主转型的前提。另一方面,面对“后官僚时代”的挑战,治理者还须积极回应公民参与、理性行政、多元治理、公共利益等民主治理的诉求,只有这样,适合我国民主行政发育的道德生态才能孕育而生,儒学政治文明也才能在全球化时代焕发新的生命力。     

Psychiatry in the age of neuroscience: the impact on clinical practice and lives of patients

Due to the progress being made in the neurosciences, higher expectations for the use of medication, even against the patient’s will, are arising in mental hospitals. In this article, we will discuss whether the neurosciences and new psychopharmacological solutions really support patients who suffer from mental illnesses. To answer this question, we will focus on the perspective of patients and their experiences with psychiatric (coercive) treatments. The analysis of one person’s story shows that other issues besides appropriate medication are important for recovery from a mental illness. In daily life, issues such as coping, rehabilitation and social support are of major importance for a patient suffering from psychiatric disease. Thus, although progress in the neurosciences is a positive development for clinical practice, it does not mean that (coercive) medication alone will carry a patient into recovery. A patient’s recovery is dependent, not only upon the process of finding the appropriate medication and trust between the psychiatrist and the patient, but also upon relational aspects, such as being recognised as a person, belonging, accepting responsibilities, developing friendships and trusting others. These findings lead to the conclusion that dealing with psychiatric diseases is more complex than what the biomedical model of neuroscience suggests and that one should include the social context of the patient in the recovery process.     

落实科学发展观 正确处理四个关系

如何树立和落实科学发展观,把工作重心从量的增长转到质的提高上来,走特色发展的道路,实现全面、协调、可持续发展,是高校面临的重要问题.文章提出在学校发展的指导思想和工作思路上,应当正确处理好外延发展与内涵发展、全面发展和特色发展、改革发展和稳定、党建思想政治工作和其他工作的关系.     

论科学研究中质与量的两种取向和方法

客观存在的一切事物都具有质和量的两种规定性,质和量构成了科学研究的两个取向,或两个侧重点。质的研究和量的研究在方法论原则、研究程序、步骤、收集资料的方法上都存在着差别。在社会研究领域,由于社会现象的特殊性和复杂性,存在着质的研究与量的研究哪一种更合理、更科学的争论。本文通过对两者的简略分析和比较,说明它们是既有区别又互相补充的研究方法,把质的研究与量的研究结合起来是科学研究的必然要求。     

我国中小板市场泡沫的度量

2008年10月到2009年2月中旬,我国中小板综合指数区间最大涨幅80%,远远超过同期上证指数约40%的区间最大涨幅,关于中小板是否存在泡沫,人们的争论颇多。在这样的背景下,借鉴国内相关研究成果,根据模型推导出合理市盈率的计算公式,并利用改进的加权平均市盈率代替被广泛使用的市盈率,考察我国中小板市场2005～2008年的泡沫程度。     

Recognizing difference: in/visibility in the everyday life of individuals with facial limb absence

People who lack part(s) of their face have a visibly different appearance both due to their facial difference itself and the medical aids that they use to cover it (e.g. prostheses, bandages). In this article, we draw on interviews with affected individuals in order to investigate how visible difference features in their everyday experience. The visibility of their facial difference, we show, comes into play as they interact with various others in the contexts of their daily life. However, respondents’ visibility manifests in different ways, depending on whether they cover or uncover their facial difference. These different modes of visibility make for distinct ‘visibility experiences’, as participants meet others who notice – or fail to notice – their atypical appearance. By exploring these experiences, our article provides insights into the role of visibility in interviewees’ everyday life, and demonstrates how they actively negotiate their social recognition within encounters with various others.     

宗教社会学研究在中国大陆的发展

宗教社会学是“改革开放”后才在中国起步的一个学科。从中国学术界对宗教社会学的学科意识、该学科在中国的主要进展、学科队伍等方面,可以看出20世纪80年代之后宗教社会学在中国大陆的发展历程,同时该学科的研究目前还存在一些问题。宗教社会学研究的结果,对中国宗教甚至对中国社会的正常发展,都可能产生一定的影响。     

Process evaluation of a diversity training program: the value of a mixed method strategy

Patients’ health and health needs are influenced by categories of difference like sex, gender, ethnic origin and socioeconomic status (SES). To enhance awareness of this diversity among patients and to provide holistic care for them, health professionals should first be aware of the relation between dimensions of diversity and patients’ health and health demands. This paper presents a formative process evaluation of a diversity sensitivity training programme for healthcare professionals. The training was implemented in three healthcare settings (mental healthcare, nursing home and hospital care). Mixed methods were used to monitor the implementation of the training and its effects after three years. Findings demonstrate that the training stimulated participants’ awareness, knowledge and critical attitudes towards diversity. Their motivation and willingness to take action regarding diversity was also enhanced. Yet these developments were less apparent among nursing home participants who felt less satisfied and did not develop a critical perspective on this issue. Qualitative data were helpful to explain differences between the settings. By means of the combination of quantitative and qualitative data, we can conclude that individual learning was not enough to guarantee a sensitive approach to diversity at the organizational level.