Assessing the Gender Invariance of the Modern Homonegativity Scale

The measurement invariance of the Modern Homonegativity Scale (MHS) was examined among heterosexual female (n = 449) and male (n = 329) university students who were predominantly Mexican American. The MHS demonstrated full invariance of factor loadings and partial invariance of latent intercepts. At the latent mean level, heterosexual men compared to heterosexual women held more negative attitudes toward both gay men and lesbian women. There were no latent mean differences in attitudes toward gay men and lesbian women when rated by either heterosexual men or heterosexual women. The MHS can be used by heterosexual men and heterosexual women to assess their homonegativity.     

Cross Validation of the Gambling Problem Severity Subscale of the Canadian Adolescent Gambling Index (CAGI/GPSS) on a Sample of Ontario High School Students

This paper reports on the cross validation of the Gambling Problem Severity Subscale of the Canadian Adolescent Gambling Index (CAGI/GPSS). The CAGI/GPSS was included in a large school based drug use and health survey conducted in 2015. Data from students in grades 9–12 (ages 13–20 years) derived from the (N = 3369 students). The CAGI/GPSS produced an alpha of 0.789. A principle component analysis revealed two eigenvalues greater than one. An oblique rotation revealed these components to represent consequences and over involvement. The CAGI/GPSS indicated that 1% of the students fell into the “red” category indicating a severe problem and an additional 3.3% scored in the “yellow” category indicating low to moderate problems. The CAGI/GPSS was shown to be significantly correlated with gambling frequency (r = 0.36), largest expenditure (r = 0.37), sex (more likely to be male) (r = ?0.19), lower school marks (r = ?0.07), hazardous drinking, (r = 0.16), problem video game play (r = 0.16), as well as substance abuse. The CAGI/GPSS was cross validated using a shorted version of the short SOGS, r = 0.48. In addition the CAGI/GPSS and short SOGS produced very similar patterns of correlations results. The results support the validity and reliability of the CAGI/GPSS as a measure of gambling problems among adolescents.     

Predicting Follow‐up Outcomes in Emotionally Focused Couple Therapy: The Role of Change in Trust,Relationship‐Specific Attachment,and Emotional Engagement

Emotionally Focused Couple Therapy (EFT), an evidence‐based couple therapy (Johnson, Hunsley, Greenberg, & Schindler, 1999), strives to foster lasting change through the creation of secure attachment bonds in distressed couples. Although studies have demonstrated lasting change in follow‐up (Wiebe et al., in press), research is needed to investigate predictors of long‐term outcomes. Our goal was to investigate predictors of long‐term outcomes in relationship satisfaction. Relationship satisfaction was assessed across 24 months in a sample of 32 couples who received an average of 21 EFT sessions. Decreases in attachment avoidance were most predictive of higher relationship satisfaction across follow‐up. These findings support the theoretical assumption that EFT helps couples foster lasting change in relationship satisfaction through the facilitation of secure attachment bonds.     

Competitive bidding — The probability of winning

A company bidding by sealed tender needs to know the relationship between their bid price and their chances of winning the contract. Previously published models for computing the probability of winning are examined and found to be inaccurate. The problem is reformulated, and a new general predictive model for computing the probability of winning is developed. The method of computation is illustrated by a simple worked example.     

The Legalization of Abortion and Subsequent Youth Homicide: A Time Series Analysis

In this article, we examine the association between the legalization of abortion with the 1973 Roe v. Wade decision and youth homicide in the 1980s and 1990s. An interrupted time series design was used to examine the deaths of all U.S. 15- to 24-year-olds that were classified as homicides according to the International Classification of Diseases (codes E960-969) from 1970 to 1998. The legalization of abortion is associated over a decade later with a gradual reduction in the homicides of White and non-White young men. The effect on the homicides of young women is minimal. We conclude that the 1990s decline in the homicide of young men is statistically associated with the legalization of abortion. Findings are not consistent with several alternative explanations, such as changes in the crack cocaine drug market. It is almost inconceivable that in the United States of today, policies affecting the choice to have children would be justified as a means to control crime. Yet, if the legalization of abortion had this unintended effect, the full range of policy implications needs to be discussed.     

Pushing the Boundaries of the Social Work Practicum: Rethinking Sites and Supervision Toward Radical Practice

This article challenges the profession's accreditation requirement that social work field placements must have a social worker as supervisor. The author argues that the profession's stated commitment to social and economic justice can best be served if the profession broadens the definition of what constitutes good social work practicum supervision. With support from schools of social work, people in our communities from different disciplines and backgrounds engaged in progressive justice work, can provide social work students with valuable experiences and in turn enrich the social work curriculum.     

Has Reform of Global Finance been Misconceived? Policy Documents and the Volcker Rule

After some hope from the mid-2000s onwards, when unprecedented resources were mobilized to provide life-saving treatment to the millions dying from HIV/AIDS in the global South, donors are reneging on their promises, bowing to the imperative of austerity of a self-inflicted economic crisis. Drawing on Galtung's typology of structural and cultural violence, this article examines how the rules and norms of global governance have shaped the context of policy responses to the pandemic in sub-Saharan Africa, and how these material struggles are intimately bound up with struggles over the frames through which the disease is portrayed and perceived by key policy actors and the public. First, we argue that the strikingly differential global distribution of the disease is, at least partially, attributable to the structural violence of Africa's encounter with neoliberal capitalism. Second, we focus on two dominant frames—behavioral and philanthrocapitalist—and examine how they contributed to a depoliticization of the AIDS crisis, negating the counter-framing work of transnational AIDS activism. The latter, which has done so much to unmask our shared responsibility for the unequal distribution of vulnerability and death, is critical to countering the threat the economic crisis poses to the global HIV/AIDS response.

Después de alguna esperanza desde mediados de los años 2000 en adelante, cuando se movilizaron recursos sin precedente, para proveer tratamiento para salvar vidas a las millones de personas que morían a causa del VIH/SIDA en el sur global, los donantes están fallando a sus promesas, cediendo a la austeridad imperativa de una crisis económica autoinflingida. A partir de la tipología de Galtung sobre la violencia estructural y cultural, este artículo examina cómo las reglas y las normas de la gobernanza global han dado forma al contexto de las respuestas políticas a la pandemia del sub Sahara africano, y cómo estas luchas materiales están íntimamente ligadas con las luchas sobre los marcos dentro de los cuales los actores claves de la política y el público describen y perciben la enfermedad. Primero, sostenemos que la sorprendente diferencia en la distribución global de la enfermedad, es al menos atribuible a la violencia estructural del encuentro del África con el capitalismo neoliberal. Segundo, nos enfocamos en dos marcos dominantes—uno conductual y otro filántropo capitalista—y examinamos cómo estos han contribuido a una despolitización de la crisis del SIDA, negando la formulación del trabajo del activismo trasnacional del SIDA. El segundo, que ha hecho tanto para desenmascarar nuestra responsabilidad común por la distribución desigual de la vulnerabilidad y la muerte, es crítico para enfrentar la amenaza que representa la crisis económica a la respuesta global del VIH/SIDA.

年代中期,世界动用了空前的资源,为南方国家数以百万将要死亡的艾滋病患者提供延长生命的治疗,给艾滋病防治工作带来了希望。在这之后,捐赠者们违背了其承诺,屈服于一场自己制造的经济危机的紧缩要求。通过借鉴加尔通的结构暴力和文化暴力分类,本文考察了对于撒哈拉以南非洲艾滋病的大规模爆发问题,全球治理的规则和规范如何塑造了对该问题政策回应的背景;关键政策制定者和公众描绘和认知艾滋病存在着模式之争,本文考察了资源争夺与这种模式之争是如何密切相关的。第一,本文认为,艾滋病惊人的全球差别分布,至少部分可归因于非洲与新自由资本主义碰撞产生的结构暴力。第二,本文关注了两个主导框架——行为的和慈善资本主义的,并考察它们如何促进了艾滋病危机的去政治化,否定了反对跨国艾滋病行动主义的框架。我们对艾滋病脆弱性和死亡的不平等分布负有共同责任,第二点对揭露这一事实贡献良多,是对抗经济危机给全球艾滋病防治带来的威胁的关键。

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Productivity of highly skilled immigrants: economists in the postwar period

Prior work finds declining immigrant quality in the postwar period that is linked to source-country and skill-composition changes associated with the 1965 Immigration Act. This paper uses a unique panel of foreign- and native-born American Economic Association members to show that the highly skilled experienced a similar shift away from European migrants toward those from Asia. However, the findings do not indicate that this change in source-country composition has been accompanied by a decline in quality; rather, the most recent cohorts of foreign-born economists appear to be more productive than their native counterparts.     

Rolling with the shakes: an insight into teenagers’ perceptions of recovery after the Canterbury earthquakes

Natural disasters are harmful worldwide events that inflict multiple psychosocial impacts on disaster-exposed individuals. A significant proportion of affected individuals are teenagers (13–18 years old) who, compared with adults, have been historically overlooked in disaster research. The literature is particularly sparse concerning teenagers’ recovery from natural disasters, specifically what recovery means to them and the contributing factors towards their positive recovery. Therefore, the aim of the current study was to gain deeper insight into this largely unexplored area by conducting five focus groups with teenagers (16–18 years) who experienced at least one of the Canterbury, New Zealand, earthquakes since and including the initial September 2010 earthquake. This study directly asked teenagers about their recovery over the three years after the initial earthquakes, with data being analysed using thematic analysis. Two main themes were identified: (1) perceptions of recovery, with three sub-themes (i) knowledge and being less frightened, (ii) talking about the earthquakes and (iii) shift in perspectives; and (2) contributing factors to recovery, with three sub-themes (i) participation in the community response, (ii) returning to school and (iii) the rebuild of Christchurch. These factors provide insight into how we can better support the recovery process for disaster-exposed teenagers to reduce long-term distress.