Mass migration governance and openness toward refugees: Comparing Germany and Turkey

This study seeks answers to the question: ‘Under what conditions do communities with migration experience in refugee-receiving states become more open toward accepting more refugees and why?’. The research seeks answers to this question by examining the attitudes of individuals (N = 37) from Turkey who have been living in Germany for at least a year and who have sufficient familiarity with the characteristics of governance of mass migration in both countries. The findings suggest that the respondents are more pessimistic about the consequences of Turkey accepting more refugees in the future, while they are optimistic about the outcomes of the arrival of more refugees in Germany. This study posits that receiving communities' perceptions about the host state's regulatory and institutional capacity in managing mass migration and integration of refugees shape their attitudes toward the possibility of the influx of more refugees over time. The findings indicate that efficient mass migration governance in a receiving state is identified through four characteristics: (i) admission of educated refugees, (ii) proper refugee registration procedures, (iii) systematic integration processes, and (iv) effective monitoring and law enforcement mechanisms. The study concludes that local communities view public authorities as the key actors in managing the consequences of mass migration and establishing and sustaining good mass migration governance at the receiving state level is likely to facilitate positive attitudes towards accepting more refugees.     

The multifaceted nature of social practices: A review of the perspectives on practice-based theory building about organizations

A vibrant body of literature on social practices has developed rapidly in recent years. However, a systematic analysis of the underlying perspectives that shape the way practice-based scholars contribute to theory building about organizational phenomena has escaped scholarly attention. It is of pivotal importance to examine the multifaceted nature of social practices and understand the process by which new practice-based knowledge is developed. Our study addresses this gap by disentangling how researchers have adopted the knowledge, materiality, ethics, and politics perspectives that – as past influential work has informed us – are particularly relevant to practice-based theory building. In so doing, we categorize the body of literature into themes that correspond to the organizational phenomena examined by social practice scholars: practice boundaries and coordination of work, technology at work, strategy formation, local particulars structuring everyday work, and transformation of work practices. By uncovering how scholars adopt the four perspectives within each theme, our review shows that scholars (i) predominantly adopt the knowledge perspective, (ii) neglect the politics perspective when looking ‘inside’ a social practice, (iii) strikingly de-emphasize the ethics perspective, and (iv) isolate each of the four perspectives used in theory building. We then examine in detail the implications of our work for future research on social practices and conclude with a number of theoretical and methodological suggestions.     

日本高等教育办学自主权运行模式之研究

日本高等教育通过不断改革和发展,现已形成了完备的高等教育体系。根据办学体制和主要经费来源的不同日本大学可分为国立、公立和私立大学三种形式。政府对高等学校的管理和监督权限,也是因国立、公立还是私立而有所不同。政府对各类大学的不同管理权限反映了日本大学办学自主权运行的特点和趋势。     

日本高等教育办学自主权运行模式之研究

日本高等教育通过不断改革和发展,现已形成了完备的高等教育体系。根据办学体制和主要经费来源的不同日本大学可分为国立、公立和私立大学三种形式。政府对高等学校的管理和监督权限,也是因国立、公立还是私立而有所不同。政府对各类大学的不同管理权限反映了日本大学办学自主权运行的特点和趋势。     

发达国家高校办学立法授权模式之探讨

立法授权模式是许多发达国家高校办学的一大特点,表现为政府依法将更多的权力下放给公共机构,减少对高等院校的直接干预和控制,高校享有依法自主办学的权力。同时,立法授权模式在英、法、美、日、德等几个发达国家又呈显出不同的历史特点,探讨和借鉴其成功经验对促进我国高等教育办学与国际接轨的步伐,具有深远的意义。