Shaved heads and sonnenrads: comparing white supremacist skinheads and the alt-right in New Zealand

ABSTRACT

This article looks at two periods in the history of white supremacy in New Zealand: the short-lived explosion of skinhead groups in the 1990s, and the contemporary rise of the internet-driven alt-right. It looks at the similarities and differences between the two groups, looking at style, symbols, ideology, and behaviour. It looks at the history of these two movements in New Zealand and compares the economic and social factors that contributed to their rise, in particular how the different social class of members produced groups with near-identical ideology but radically different presentation and modes of action.     

Global sports and patriot games: Rugby union and national identity in a united sporting kingdom since 1945

Richard Caplan and John Perrer (eds.), Europe's New Nationalism: States and Minorities in Conflict (New York: Oxford University Press, 1996). Pp.xi + 241. £30 (hardback); £13.99 (paperback). ISBN 0 19 509148 5 and 509149 3

Tom Nairn, Faces of Nationalism: Janus Revisited (London: Verso, 1997). Pp.x + 246. £35 (hardback); £12 (paperback). ISBN 1 85984 823 0 and 194 5

Camille Guerin‐Gonzales and Carl Strikwerda (eds.), The Politics of Immigrant Workers: Labor Activism and Migration in the World Economy since 1830 (New York: Holmes &; Meier, 1998). Pp.xi + 366. $20. ISBN 0 8419 1298 X

Karen Fog Olwig (ed.), Small Islands, Large Questions: Society, Culture and Resistance in the Post‐Emancipation Caribbean (London: Frank Cass, 1995). Pp.191. £30 (hardback); £17.50 (paperback). IBSN 0 7146 5476 and 4225 8

Mary Chamberlain (ed.), Caribbean Migration: Globalised Identities (London and New York: Routledge, 1998). Pp.xii + 267. ISBN 0 415 16580 6

Frank Füredi, The Silent War: Imperialism and the Changing Perception of Race. Pp.282. £45 (hardback); £14.95 (paperback). ISBN 0 7453 1303 5 and 1308 6

Paul J. Smith (ed.), Human Smuggling: Chinese Migrant Trafficking and the Challenge to America's Immigration Tradition (Washington, DC: Center for Strategic and International Studies, 1997). Pp.xv +207. $21.95. ISBN 0 89206 291 6

Daniel Chirot and Anthony Reid (eds.), Essential Outsiders: Chinese and Jews in the Modern Transformation of Southeast Asia and Central Europe (Seattle, WA and London: University of Washington Press, 1997). Pp.vii + 335. US$25 (paperback). ISBN 0 295 97613 6

Mordechai Rozin, The Rich and the Poor: Jewish Philanthropy and Social Control in Nineteenth‐Century London (Brighton: Sussex Academic Press, 1999). Pp.xii + 268. £45 (hardback). ISBN 1 898723 79 6

Judith Laikin Elkin, The Jews of Latin America (New York/London: Holmes &; Meier, 1998). Pp.xv + 339. £12. 95 (paperback). ISBN 0 84191369 2

Ignacio Klich and Jeffrey Lesser (eds.), Arab and Jewish Immigrants in Latin America: Images and Realities (London: Frank Cass, 1998). Pp.xiv + 264. £32.50/$47.50 (hardback); £16.60/$22.50 (paperback). ISBN 0 7146 4873 6 and 4412 9

Robin Gwynn, The Huguenots of London (Brighton and Portland, OR: Alpha Press, 1998). Pp.viii + 67. £7.95 (paperback). ISBN 1 898595 24 0

Alec G. Hargreaves and Mark McKinney (eds.), Post‐Colonial Cultures in France (London and New York: Routledge, 1997). Pp.xv + 299. £45 (hardback); £15.99 (paperback). ISBN 0 415 14487 6 and 14488 4

Roger Bartlett and Karen Schönwälder (eds.), The German lands and Eastern Europe. Essays on the History of Their Social, Cultural and Political Relations (Studies in Russia and East Europe) (London: Macmillan/SSEES, 1999). Pp.x + 288. £47.50. (hardback). ISBN 0 333 72086 5

Donald M. MacRaild, Irish Migrants in Modern Britain, 1750–1922 (Basingstoke: Macmillan Press, 1999). Pp.x + 230 £40 (hardback); £13.99 (paperback). ISBN 0 333 67761 7 and 67762 5

Thomas Kenneally, The Great Shame: A Story of the Irish in the Old World and the New (London: Chatto &; Windus, 1999). Pp.xiii + 732. £25 (hardback). ISBN 1 85619 788 3

R.J. Scally, The End of Hidden Ireland: Rebellion, Famine and Emigration (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1995). Pp.266. £13.99 (paperback). ISBN 0 19 510659 8

Jill Blee, The Pines Hold Their Secrets (Victoria, Australia: Indra, 1998). Pp.283. NP (paperback). ISBN 0 9587718 8 X

Jan Critchett, Untold Stories: Memories and Lives of Victorian Kooris (Melbourne: Melbourne University Press, 1998). Pp.xxi + 283. NP. ISBN 0 522 84818 4

James G. Hollandsworth, Jr., The Louisiana Native Guards: The Black Military Experience During the Civil War (Baton Rouge, LA and London: Louisiana State University Press, 1997). Pp.140 + xiv. £23.95/$24.95. ISBN 0 8071 1939 3

Geoffrey Self, The Hiawatha Man: The Life and Work of Samuel Coleridge‐Taylor (Aldershot: Scolar Press, 1995: USA contact Ashgate, Brookfield, VT). Pp.326. £39.50. ISBN 0 085967 983 7

Brian Dyde, The Empty Sleeve: The Story of the West India Regiments of the British Army (London and Antigua: Hansib Caribbean, 1997). Pp.283. £11.95 (paperback). ISBN 976 8163 09 7

Philip Towle, Enforced Disarmament: From the Napoleonic Campaigns to the Gulf War (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1997). Pp.x + 268. £35 (hardback). ISBN 0 19 820636 4     

CONFIDENCE INTERVALS UTILIZING PRIOR INFORMATION IN THE BEHRENS–FISHER PROBLEM

Consider two independent random samples of size f + 1 , one from an N (μ₁, σ²₁) distribution and the other from an N (μ₂, σ²₂) distribution, where σ²₁/σ²₂∈ (0, ∞) . The Welch ‘approximate degrees of freedom’ (‘approximate t‐solution’) confidence interval for μ₁?μ₂ is commonly used when it cannot be guaranteed that σ²₁/σ²₂= 1 . Kabaila (2005, Comm. Statist. Theory and Methods 34 , 291–302) multiplied the half‐width of this interval by a positive constant so that the resulting interval, denoted by J₀, has minimum coverage probability 1 ?α. Now suppose that we have uncertain prior information that σ²₁/σ²₂= 1. We consider a broad class of confidence intervals for μ₁?μ₂ with minimum coverage probability 1 ?α. This class includes the interval J₀, which we use as the standard against which other members of will be judged. A confidence interval utilizes the prior information substantially better than J₀ if (expected length of J)/(expected length of J₀) is (a) substantially less than 1 (less than 0.96, say) for σ²₁/σ²₂= 1 , and (b) not too much larger than 1 for all other values of σ²₁/σ²₂ . For a given f, does there exist a confidence interval that satisfies these conditions? We focus on the question of whether condition (a) can be satisfied. For each given f, we compute a lower bound to the minimum over of (expected length of J)/(expected length of J₀) when σ²₁/σ²₂= 1 . For 1 ?α= 0.95 , this lower bound is not substantially less than 1. Thus, there does not exist any confidence interval belonging to that utilizes the prior information substantially better than J₀.     

Problem Formulation and Solution Mechanisms: A Behavioral Study of Humanitarian Transportation Planning

When dealing with urgent, ill‐defined problems, such as rapidly evolving emergency situations, operations managers have little time for problem formulation or solution. While the mechanisms by which humans formulate and solve problems have been described, mechanisms for rapid, concurrent formulating and solving are not well understood. This study investigates these mechanisms through a field study of transportation planning in a humanitarian response setting. The findings show that the problem is solved through greedy search and formulated through sensemaking, in which search enables updates to an evolving problem formulation, and the formulation directs and limits the search process. This study explores the implications of these findings for the development of better problem formulation processes and problem‐solving strategies for urgent and ill‐defined operations management problems.     

Perceptions of survivors of loss by homicide: opportunities for nursing practice

Ten adult family members of homicide victims were recruited to participate in interviews describing their experiences related to the loss of their loved ones. A phenomenological approach was used to guide data collection and analysis, resulting in the identification of four major themes. Participants described intense emotional responses and grief complicated by the suddenness, violence, and intentionality of the homicide; engagement in activities that both buffered the emotional effects of the loss and helped them purposefully integrate it into their lives; the strengthening and dissolution of relationships; and a transformative, perpetually evolving post-homicide experience that was viewed as "healing" and that was influenced by many factors. Implications of these findings for research and nursing practice are discussed.     

Kvetching and carousing under Communism: old Odessa as the Soviet Union’s Jewish city of sin

Odessa has often been branded a “Jewish city.” Much like their counterparts in New York and Warsaw, Odessa’s Jews have historically played a fundamental role in the city’s demographic makeup, economic life and culture. But Odessa is unique among Jewish cities because it has been mythologised as a city of sin, a frontier seaport boomtown whose commercial prosperity and balmy climate attracted legions of adventurers, gangsters and swindlers seeking easy wealth and earthly pleasures. Old Odessa was the Russian Jew’s golden calf – gilded, wicked and ostentatious in its intemperance. Odessa’s carnivalesque environment was fertile ground for the blending of different cultures, and the Jews spearheaded this process, adopting a Yiddish‐inflected Russian as their language for celebrating their profligate city. By the 1917 Revolution the foundations had been laid for the emergence of Isaac Babel, Leonid Utesov, Mikhail Zhvanetskii and the many other Jews who subsequently left Odessa for Moscow and the Soviet interior. They would go on to disseminate the Odessa myth using literature, comedy and music, and their immense popularity ensured that Odessa was indelibly marked as a Jewish city of sin, inhabited by comical rogues whose colourful escapades were rooted in an idiom of Jewishness.     

Assessing Trade‐offs among Multiple Objectives for Humanitarian Aid Delivery Using Expert Preferences

Humanitarian aid agencies deliver emergency supplies and services to people affected by disasters. Scholars and practitioners have developed modeling approaches to support aid delivery planning, but they have used objective functions with little validation as to the trade‐offs among the multiple goals of aid delivery. We develop a method to value the performance of aid delivery plans based on expert preferences over five key attributes: the amount of cargo delivered, the prioritization of aid by commodity type, the prioritization of aid by delivery location, the speed of delivery, and the operational cost. Through a conjoint analysis survey, we measure the preferences of 18 experienced humanitarian logisticians. The survey results quantify the importance of each attribute and enable the development of a piecewise linear utility function that can be used as an objective function in optimization models. The results show that the amount of cargo delivered is the most valued objective and cost the least important. In addition, experts prioritize more vulnerable communities and more critical commodities, but not to the exclusion of others. With these insights and the experts’ utility functions, better humanitarian objective functions can be developed to enable better aid delivery in emergency response.     

Drivers of Corporate Social Responsibility Attitudes: The Demography of Socially Responsible Investors

Demographic characteristics of socially responsible investors (SRIs) are likely to play a significant role in shaping their perceptions and behaviour concerning corporate social responsibility (CSR). This paper identifies demographic characteristics of SRIs and explores the relationship of these characteristics with their CSR attitudes. We analyse, using generalized ordered logistic regression, the questionnaire responses of 2464 SRIs from 20 countries. The results demonstrate that younger and female SRIs are more likely to believe that a company's social and environmental performance is as important as its financial performance. Female SRIs and those with high incomes are the most likely to believe that companies should be as responsible to their shareholders as to the broader society. In addition, younger SRIs, those with high incomes and those who have attained higher education levels regard socially responsible companies as at least as profitable as other companies. The benefits which companies can derive from understanding the demographic profile of SRIs are examined, including a potentially lower cost of capital, improved CSR rankings and business policy formulation and communication consistent with CSR views held by specific groups of SRIs.