清水江文书信息数据库的建设

在短短数十年中,数据库得到了广泛的认同,越来越多的领域要求建设符合使用需要的各类数据库。在文书相关领域,数据库建设也同样受到重视。此方面,徽州文书的研究者成为先行者,2007年,黄山学院启动名为《徽州文书整理及管理软件研究》的人文社科项目,将校内所存徽州文书建立特色文献数据     

Public Support for Sickle-Cell Disease Funding: Does Race Matter?

Despite the fact that sickle-cell disease (SCD) is perhaps the most “racialized” medical condition in the USA, very little is known about how “race” impacts public support for health policies related to the condition. We embedded an experiment within the 2011 Cooperative Congressional Election Study in order to assess perceptions about SCD among 1250 participants from diverse backgrounds and evaluate the extent to which these perceptions were associated with support for government spending on SCD-related benefits. We manipulated the racial phenotype of SCD advocates who requested additional government funding and asked participants to indicate how much the government should provide. Overall, participants expressed moderately positive attitudes about SCD, and there were no differences in funding support based on the race of the advocate. However, white participants supported less funding compared to nonwhite participants, even after adjusting for a number of demographic and attitudinal covariates. These findings suggest that a complex relationship between racial identification and implicit racism may shape public perceptions about SCD that negatively influences perceivers’ support for SCD-related policy.     

Reciprocal Family,Friendship and Church Support Networks of African Americans: Findings from the National Survey of American Life

This study examined reciprocal support networks involving extended family, friends and church members among African Americans. Our analysis examined specific patterns of reciprocal support (i.e., received only, gave only, both gave and received, neither gave or received), as well as network characteristics (i.e., contact and subjective closeness) as correlates of reciprocal support. The analysis is based on the African American subsample of the National Survey of American Life. Overall, our findings indicate that African Americans are very involved in reciprocal support networks with their extended family, friends and church members. Respondents were most extensively involved in reciprocal supports with extended family members, followed closely by friends and church networks. Network characteristics (i.e., contact and subjective closeness) were significantly and consistently associated with involvement with reciprocal support exchanges for all three networks. These and other findings are discussed in detail. This study complements previous work on the complementary roles of family, friend and congregational support networks, as well as studies of racial differences in informal support networks.     

On the robustness of the generalized fused lasso to prior specifications

Using networks as prior knowledge to guide model selection is a way to reach structured sparsity. In particular, the fused lasso that was originally designed to penalize differences of coefficients corresponding to successive features has been generalized to handle features whose effects are structured according to a given network. As any prior information, the network provided in the penalty may contain misleading edges that connect coefficients whose difference is not zero, and the extent to which the performance of the method depend on the suitability of the graph has never been clearly assessed. In this work we investigate the theoretical and empirical properties of the adaptive generalized fused lasso in the context of generalized linear models. In the fixed \(p\) setting, we show that, asymptotically, adding misleading edges in the graph does not prevent the adaptive generalized fused lasso from enjoying asymptotic oracle properties, while forgetting suitable edges can be more problematic. These theoretical results are complemented by an extensive simulation study that assesses the robustness of the adaptive generalized fused lasso against misspecification of the network as well as its applicability when theoretical coefficients are not exactly equal. Our contribution is also to evaluate the applicability of the generalized fused lasso for the joint modeling of multiple sparse regression functions. Illustrations are provided on two real data examples.     

The West,Russia, and China in Central Asia: What Kind of Game Is Being Played in the Region?

The article discusses the nature of the tangled interaction between the ex-Soviet Central Asian republics and the outside great powers – Russia, the United States and China. Although the so-called Great Game model is often used to explain the geopolitical rivalry in the region, the current pattern of relations between various international actors is much more complex than a traditional tug-of-war between the old colonial empires. While Russia's strategic role in Central Asia appears to be on the rise, the capacity of the West to influence political developments in the region has diminished. However, the overall situation in Central Asia remains volatile and its geopolitical landscape is far from being settled.     

Modeling Demand For Unionization With Nontraditional Data Analysis Methods

Upon reviewing the extant literature on determinants of unionism, it becomes clear that many areas that have had a plethora of research attention do not converge upon singularly directional findings. This study explores a potential cause of such an apparent anomaly: nonlinearity of data. An exploratory examination of correlation coefficients among typical union determinant variables seems to show different patterns of relationships at different levels of union demand. Thus, a break from traditional linear data analysis techniques is explored in the interest of explaining more variance with typical, theoretically derived variables by using neural network analysis. Results of analyses on industry level data reveal that using neural network analysis to model union demand explained over four times as much variance as multiple regression analysis.     

Disagreement over the immigration of low-income earners in a welfare state

This paper studies natives’ economically motivated preferences over different levels of immigration of low-income earners. Immigration affects natives through both intra- and intergenerational redistribution programmes and in the labour market. Our analysis suggests, in a welfare state that looks after the poor and the aged, economic motivation does not necessarily lead a native to have an extreme opinion on the preferable level of immigration, although it causes disagreement among natives. We find, regardless of parameter values, high-income earners prefer at least as much immigration as low-income earners who, in turn, prefer at least as much immigration as pensioners. The median voter is then likely to be a low-income native.

试论清朝初期对侗族地区土司的管理

清朝初期,清政府十分重视对侗族地区土司的管理。广加招徕,准予承袭,制定并施行一系列严密的管理措施。这对于稳定和巩固西南边疆,起了重要的作用。随着侗族地区土司制度的腐朽,其弊端日渐显露,为雍正时期清政府于此进行改土归流提供了条件。     

虚拟交往反思:延展文化哲学的时代维度

“哲学”与“文化”亲缘的最深厚根基,在于人类自我完善和自我发展的实践要求。文化哲学就是从哲学的视角出发,透过文化对象对人的本质和主体性境遇、对人类文化的历史与现实作总体性的价值审视和观念把握,以期达成人的文化自觉。中国自改革开放以来,伴随着社会生活的变迁,文化问题一直是人们关注的热点。“文化热”催生了中国文化哲学兴起,近20余年来,中国的文化哲学研究取得了诸多成果,但还存在一些制约其深化的因素。面对当代人类的现实发展,文化哲学应当体现文化实践与哲学反思的双重自觉,即在理论与实践两个维度共同致力于文化哲学的深化。基于这种考虑,我们组织了这组笔谈。衣俊卿教授的《发掘文化哲学的理论资源》一文,从学理层面提出了文化哲学的三重理论思想资源,即实证性的文化历史资源、范式性的思想理论资源、现实性的文化批判资源,认为,唯有如此才有可能在新世纪期待文化哲学的理论突破与创新;笔者的论文《关注整体性文化哲学的重要问题》,认为全球化使世界文化正在发生着整体性变化,因此,应当从人类文化实践的整体性价值诉求出发深化对文化哲学的理解;唐少杰教授的论文《文化反思与社会记忆》,则考察了作为文化哲学研究视域的“文化记忆”问题,读来引人深思;王海洋博士的论文《虚拟交往反思延展文化哲学的时代维度》,则集中讨论了当代网络文化实践所引发的虚拟交往的文化哲学问题。     

中国公益诉讼中的案例指导问题

[主持人语]案例指导是对法院审判工作经验的成功总结,是上级法院指导下级法院审判工作的一种重要手段。从新中国成立到90年代,我国案例指导工作经过了曲折的变化过程,既有成绩和经验,也有教训与不足。进入新的世纪,最高人民法院《五年改革纲要》和《二五改革纲要》为我国案例指导制度的发展提出了制度设想,人民法院案例指导工作进入制度建设的快速发展期。目前,互联网和信息技术迅速发展,案例的整理和编辑方式发生了急剧的变化。伴随着我国经济的成长和社会的进步,案例指导的模式也需要及时调整。因此,对于我国案例指导制度的构建积极进行探索和分析,具有重要的现实意义和理论价值。参加此次案例指导专题讨论的研究者,既有长期从事司法实践工作的法官,也有年轻的法学理论工作者,他们从不同角度对于案例指导问题进行了探讨。有的作者研究了公益诉讼中的案例指导,有的作者探讨了我国涉外民事案件法律适用的案例指导问题,还有的作者分析了民法法系中案例的地位和效力,对于案例在其他民法法系国家和地区的法律地位及法律效力进行了考察与比较研究。这些文章的观点或许还需要修改和完善,但理论探索本身即是我国案例指导制度构建的重要组成部分,我们期待着更多的学者和司法实践工作者参与其中。