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Anirban Dasgupta George Casella Mohan Delampady Christian Genest William E. Strawderman Herman Rubin 《Revue canadienne de statistique》2000,28(4):675-687
The authors consider the correlation between two arbitrary functions of the data and a parameter when the parameter is regarded as a random variable with given prior distribution. They show how to compute such a correlation and use closed form expressions to assess the dependence between parameters and various classical or robust estimators thereof, as well as between p‐values and posterior probabilities of the null hypothesis in the one‐sided testing problem. Other applications involve the Dirichlet process and stationary Gaussian processes. Using this approach, the authors also derive a general nonparametric upper bound on Bayes risks. 相似文献
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We evaluate the estimation performance of the Binary Dynamic Logit model for correlated ordinal variables (BDLCO model), and compare it to GEE and Ordinal Logistic Regression performance in terms of bias and Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE) via Monte Carlo simulation. Our results indicate that when the proportional-odds assumption does not hold, the proposed BDLCO method is superior to existing models in estimating correlated ordinal data. Moreover, this method is flexible in terms of modeling dependence and allows unequal slopes for each category, and can be used to estimate an apple bloom data set where the proportional-odds assumption is violated. We also provide a function in R to implement BDLCO. 相似文献
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The problem of determining ridge estimates of the regression parameters in a two-input production function model,constrained to be non-negative,has been formulated as an exercise in quadratic programming. Relevant Kuhn-Tucker conditions have been derived and a small simulation studv has been carried out. 相似文献
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We show that simple majority rule satisfies five standard and attractive axioms—the Pareto property, anonymity, neutrality, independence of irrelevant alternatives, and (generic) decisiveness—over a larger class of preference domains than (essentially) any other voting rule. Hence, in this sense, it is the most robust voting rule. This characterization of majority rule provides an alternative to that of May (1952). (JEL: D71) 相似文献
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Shamita Das Dasgupta 《Journal of Social Distress and the Homeless》2013,22(3):173-185
In the South Asian community in the United States, domestic violence is a prevalent problem of significant magnitude. Although the community stridently denies the existence of this horror, women have been systematically organizing antiviolenceagainst- women work for the last 15 yearsAt this time, it is a vibrant movement struggling with several complex issues that are perhaps less common in thedominant white community. As in the lives of immigrant women of color, much of the intricacies of domestic violencein the South Asian context emerge from the intersections of race, class, andsresidencystatus problems. Consequently, a slew of personal, institutional, and cultural barriers commingle to form roadblocks for battered South Asian women, who attempt to escape family violence. As the needs of battered South Asian first and second generation women enlarge and become more perceptible, the community-based organizations have to ready themselves for more complicated activities in the future. 相似文献
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We examined the attitude of postmenopausal women toward menopause and aging with respect to sociodemographic variables and postmenopausal years. Four hundred and eighty postmenopausal women representing Bengali-speaking Hindu ethnic group of West Bengal, India were interviewed about their attitude toward menopause and aging. Information on sociodemographic and reproductive characteristics and menopausal symptoms were also collected. The participants were categorized into four groups based on postmenopausal years (Group 1: ≤2; Group 2: >2 to ≤5; Group 3: >5 to ≤8; and Group 4: >8). The attitude did not differ significantly among different groups, but it differed significantly when compared for residential status and per capita monthly household expenditure (pooled groups), for residential and educational status (Groups 3 and 4), and per capita monthly household expenditure (Group 3). Hierarchical linear regression (stepwise) shows per capita monthly expenditure, age at menopause, years after menopause, and menopausal symptoms (irritability and inability to hold urine) significantly predict attitude. 相似文献
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Indraneel Dasgupta 《Social Choice and Welfare》2011,37(4):643-658
We model a general choice environment via probabilistic choice correspondences, with (possibly) incomplete domain and infinite
universal set of alternatives. We offer a consistency restriction regarding choice when the feasible set contracts. This condition,
‘contraction consistency’, subsumes earlier notions such as Chernoff’s Condition, Sen’s α and β, and regularity. We identify a restriction on the domain of the stochastic choice correspondence (SCC), under which contraction
consistency is equivalent to the weak axiom of revealed preference in its most general form. When the universal set of alternatives
is finite, this restriction is also necessary for such equivalence. Analogous domain restrictions are also identified for
the special case where choice is deterministic but possibly multi-valued. Results due to Sen (Rev Econ Stud 38:307–317, 1971) and Dasgupta and Pattanaik (Econ Theory 31:35–50, 2007) fall out as corollaries. Thus, conditions are established, under which our notion of consistency, articulated only in reference
to contractions of the feasible set, suffices as the axiomatic foundation for a general revealed preference theory of choice
behaviour. 相似文献
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The R-greatest and maximal sets of standard choice theory are extended to fuzzy R-greatest and fuzzy maximal sets. Unlike the precise counterparts of these concepts, these two sets do not in general coincide when preferences are reflexive and connected. A stronger than usual version of connectedness under which the two sets are equal is provided. The concept of a fuzzy choice function is introduced and conditions under which a fuzzy choice function may be rationalized as a fuzzy R-greatest or a fuzzy maximal set are discussed. Rationalizability with transitive and weakly transitive fuzzy preference relations is also considered.We are indebted to Professor P. K. Pattanaik for his comments on an earlier version of this paper. We also wish to acknowledge comments made by an anonymous referee from which this paper has benefited greatly. The usual caveat about errors applies. 相似文献
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P. Dasgupta 《Social Choice and Welfare》1988,5(2-3):103-126
This article attempts to use the analytical framework of social choice theory for exploring the ethical foundations of population policies. It is argued that non-existence is not a state and therefore that different numbers problems are conceptionally different from same numbers problems that concern much theoretical welfare economics. By means of examples it is argued that we should not expect to find an overall ethical ordering of social states when the size of future generations is subject to choice.This is a totally revised version of a paper (Dasgupta 1983) prepared for Professor Menahem Yaari's workshop on Social Choice Theory and Welfare Economics at the Hebrew University, Jerusalem, in the Spring of 1983. It was also presented at the meeting of the Working Group of the US National Academy of Science Committee on Population Growth and Economic Development held during August 2–4, 1984 at Woods Hole, Massachusetts. One strand of this earlier version, with extensions, was subsequently published in the volume of the Working Group: D. Gale Johnson and R. D. Lee (eds) (1987). I have benefitted greatly from discussions over the past several years with Kenneth Arrow, Robert Aumann, Simon Blackburn, Charles Blackorby, John Broome, David Donaldson, George Garnett, Peter Hammond, John Harsanyi, David Kelsey Marc Nerlove, Derek Parfit, John Rawls, Tim Scanlon, Paul Seabright, Amartya Sen, Robert Sugden, and Menahem Yaari. While preparing this eassay I received an extended letter from Jan Graaff in which he reflected on some of the issues discussed in the earlier paper.This present version bears the impact of his comments. 相似文献