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The Evolution of Knowledge and the Dynamics of an Industry Network   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
The paper moves a step forward in the direction of establishing a connection between the structure and evolution of knowledge bases and the structure and evolution of organizational forms in innovative activities in a science-intensive industry. The paper has an explicit focus on the dynamics of the network of collaborative agreements in R&D in the pharma/biotech industry after the “molecular biology revolution”. Using a comprehensive dataset, built by the authors integrating several sources in the industry, the dynamics of the network over time is extensively analyzed. With regards to network structure, it is found that, while the size of the network increases over time due to net flows of entry, its topological properties remain relatively unchanged. The evolution of the network has occurred without relevant deformations in the core-periphery profile. With regards to age-dependent propensity to collaborate, the paper finds that the extent of inter-generational collaboration is much more significant than intra-generational collaboration. In addition, the propensity of firms of a given generation to enter into collaboration with firms of a different generation increases with the distance between the two, while the total number of intra-generational collaborations decreases over time and, moreover, tends to decrease for most recent generations. In the paper a unitary and coherent explanation of the evidence is developed, coming to reveal the existence of a striking isomorphism between structural properties of the dynamics of knowledge and of the evolution of network structure. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.  相似文献   
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This paper presents evidence that corporate governance quality measured by (1) the board size and (2) the fraction of directors that serve on more corporate boards, influences the market value of firms. The analysis is based in Italy, a country that is characterized by family and concentrated ownership, low legal protection of investors and pyramidal firm structures. Our empirical results suggest that the level of ‘busy-ness’ of corporate directors as a measure of board effectiveness has a significant influence on firm’s market performance. By contrast, we find limited evidence that board size has a substantial impact on the market valuation, except in small and medium enterprises and in some specific industry sectors.
Angelo RiccaboniEmail:

Roberto Di Pietra   is a full professor in Accounting and Business Administration at the Department of Business and Social Studies, University of Siena, Italy, He received a Ph.D. in Accounting and Business Administration from the University of Pisa in 1997; he has also received a specialization in Banking in 1993. Di Pietra’s main research interests are in International Accounting (IAS/IFRS and Financial statements, IAS and corporate governance, accounting regulation, IAS and organizational learning), in Auditing and in Accounting History. Christos A. Grambovas   is currently at the Centre for the Analysis of Investment Risk of the Manchester Business School, The University of Manchester. Prior to his appointment in MBS, Christos held joint positions as a teaching and research fellow in the University of Wales, Bangor and post-doctoral research fellow in the University of Valencia. While undertaking his PhD (Wales), he was a research fellow in the University of Valencia and the Autonoma University of Madrid, as part of the EU research project ‘Harmonia’. Ivana Raonic   is Lecturer in Accounting and Finance at the CASS Business School City of London. She received a PhD in Accounting and Finance at the University of Wales. She has joined Cass Business School in 2004 and previously she has taught at the University of Siena where she spent two years as a post-doctoral research fellow. Ivana’s research interests are particularly focused on Capital markets, Corporate governance and Earnings properties. Angelo Riccaboni   is Dean of the Richard Goodwin School of Economics, University of Siena, where he teaches Management Control. He is Member of the Management Committee of the European Accounting Association. He has been a Visiting Scholar at the University of Southern California (Los Angeles), INSEAD, London School of Economics, University of Wales, Bangor (United Kingdom), Columbia Business School, DePaul University Chicago.  相似文献   
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Multi-regional input–output (I/O) matrices provide the networks of within- and cross-country economic relations. In the context of I/O analysis, the methodology adopted by national statistical offices in data collection raises the issue of obtaining reliable data in a timely fashion and it makes the reconstruction of (parts of) the I/O matrices of particular interest. In this work, we propose a method combining hierarchical clustering and matrix completion with a LASSO-like nuclear norm penalty, to predict missing entries of a partially unknown I/O matrix. Through analyses based on both real-world and synthetic I/O matrices, we study the effectiveness of the proposed method to predict missing values from both previous years data and current data related to countries similar to the one for which current data are obscured. To show the usefulness of our method, an application based on World Input–Output Database (WIOD) tables—which are an example of industry-by-industry I/O tables—is provided. Strong similarities in structure between WIOD and other I/O tables are also found, which make the proposed approach easily generalizable to them.

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