从圣索菲亚大教堂的历史变迁看文化的民族性和世界性

文化历来都是哲学和社会科学所关注的焦点问题之一，本文主要讨论文化的民族性和世界性方面的有关问题，并且选择以圣索菲亚大教堂为例，引出对相关问题的思考。     

四川盆地中三叠世盐盆分布与演化特征研究

四川盆地卤水分布广泛，资源丰富, 早为世人所瞩目，中三叠统雷口坡组是四川盆地最早开采天然气和盐卤的层系之一。根据盆地雷口坡组大量钻井资料研究表明，盆地雷口坡组主要成盐期分别为雷三2 期和雷四2 期，在盆地东部和南部由于受到古隆起的影响，盐岩地层已被剥蚀难以保存，现今盐岩主要分布在开江古隆起和泸州古隆起的西部以及天井山古隆起的南部（华蓥山以西—龙门山以东的川西—川中地区）。印支运动对盆地雷口坡组盐岩在平面的迁移起着十分重要的作用，根据不同时期盐岩统计数据看，两期盐盆在平面上具有向西迁移、叠加的特征，其中川中的GS1 井就钻遇了这两期的盐岩。     

Inference and Decision Making for 21st-Century Drug Development and Approval

ABSTRACT

The cost and time of pharmaceutical drug development continue to grow at rates that many say are unsustainable. These trends have enormous impact on what treatments get to patients, when they get them and how they are used. The statistical framework for supporting decisions in regulated clinical development of new medicines has followed a traditional path of frequentist methodology. Trials using hypothesis tests of “no treatment effect” are done routinely, and the p-value < 0.05 is often the determinant of what constitutes a “successful” trial. Many drugs fail in clinical development, adding to the cost of new medicines, and some evidence points blame at the deficiencies of the frequentist paradigm. An unknown number effective medicines may have been abandoned because trials were declared “unsuccessful” due to a p-value exceeding 0.05. Recently, the Bayesian paradigm has shown utility in the clinical drug development process for its probability-based inference. We argue for a Bayesian approach that employs data from other trials as a “prior” for Phase 3 trials so that synthesized evidence across trials can be utilized to compute probability statements that are valuable for understanding the magnitude of treatment effect. Such a Bayesian paradigm provides a promising framework for improving statistical inference and regulatory decision making.     

区块链技术应用于政府采购信用体系建设中的价值与路径

随着政府采购的深入发展，政府采购信用体系逐渐出现政府采购信誉减损、信用信息开放和共享程度较低、信用信息的安全威胁增加、信用监管效果不佳以及失信惩戒政策执行遭遇阻塞等问题。区块链技术应用于政府采购信用体系建设中有利于提供安全的信息环境、有利于多主体参与、有助于多中心协同、能促进信用监管多元化。区块链技术在政府采购信用体系建设中的应用路径:以区块链思维重新架构政府采购信用体系的信用管理基础；以“去中心化”的信任机制完善信用信息公开与共享平台；以分布式账本结构打造多主体监管参与机制；以智能合约机制实现信用评估智能化。     

Ethical Numbers: Ethics Training in U.S. Graduate Statistics Programs, 2013–2014

As important members of research teams, statisticians bear an ethical responsibility to analyze, interpret, and report data honestly and objectively. One way of reinforcing ethical responsibilities is through required courses covering a variety of ethics-related topics at the graduate level. We assessed ethics requirements for graduate-level statistics training programs in the United States for the 2013–2014 academic year using the websites of 88 universities, examining 103 biostatistics programs, and 136 statistics degree programs. We categorized programs’ ethics training requirements as required or not required. Thirty-one (35.1%) universities required an ethics course for at least some degree students. Sixty-two (25.5%) degree programs required an ethics course for at least some students. The majority (77.4%) of required courses were worth 0 or 1 credit. Of the 177 programs without an ethics requirement, 19 (10.7%) listed an ethics elective. Although a single ethics course is insufficient for instilling an ethical approach to science, degree programs that model expectations through coursework point to the value of ethics in science. More training programs should prepare statisticians to consider the ethical dimensions of their work through required coursework. Supplementary materials for this article are available online.     

Foreign-born and native-born migration in the U.S.: evidence from linked IRS administrative and census survey records

Journal of Population Research - This paper details efforts to link administrative records from the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) to American Community Survey (ACS) and 2010 Census microdata for...     

从英语修辞格谈英语习语译为汉语成语

在英汉翻译中,部分英语习语可译为汉语成语。英语习语和汉语成语既是英语和汉语中重要的修辞手段,同时其本身也是各种修辞手段的集中体现。本文从英语修辞格中音韵格和意象修辞格的角度对可译为汉语成语的英语习语作了部分归纳。在音韵格中,本文从头韵、重复和韵脚三方面予以小结。在意象修辞格中,着重从明喻、借代、讽喻和拟人的角度进行分析。本文旨在探讨汉语成语在翻译一些英语习语中的恰当运用。同时也指出不能滥用汉语成语。     

地方高等教育收益的若干问题探讨

地方高等教育的收益与本地区经济水平的发展成正比；高等教育的受益者首先是受教育者个人；可以从高等教育提高劳动生产率中来计算高等教育的收益；应该以科技为中介来研究高等教育的收益；可以从受高等教育者的职业优势上来发现高等教育的收益；可以从人才的流动或者人才市场的变化中发现高等教育的收益。     

论邓小平的代价观

邓小平在领导中国改革开放和社会主义现代化建设的过程中 ,针对中国的特殊情况 ,他不仅对中国社会发展的代价问题进行深入思考 ,而且还指出中国在改革开放中产生代价的客观必然性以及如何正确看待改革中的代价问题。     

统一规制经济垄断与行政垄断的必要性与紧迫性

我国反垄断法所应规制的垄断一直是一个众说纷纭的问题。本文从经济垄断和行政垄断的共性的角度 ,提出了我国反垄断法应统一规制经济垄断和行政垄断。这不仅是建立社会主义市场经济的需要 ,也是我国入世后的必然要求