Domestic help and the gender division of domestic labor during the COVID-19 pandemic: Gender inequality among Japanese parents

The enduring COVID-19 pandemic has gradually transformed our everyday lives. This study focuses on changes in work and family arrangements, with particular focus on changes in domestic help, and examines its impact on the division of domestic labor. Using a social survey of work and the family conducted in November 2020 and May 2021, the results show that from January 2020 (pre-pandemic) to May 2021, approximately 40% of respondents experienced a reduced gender gap for housework and childcare, while a large gender gap is still observed in the absolute frequency of undertaking domestic labor. Some lifestyle changes triggered by the pandemic, such as an increase in the use of takeaways or delivery meals, and the expansion of working from home, are found to be able to contribute a shift toward more equal sharing of domestic labor. However, the fact that the access to such lifestyle changes is more common among those with a relatively high income or high educational background suggests that the lifestyle changes imposed by the pandemic may exacerbate class disparities in the gender gap in domestic labor. Furthermore, the results show that decreased kinship support results in a greater childcare burden being placed on women.     

在华日资企业经营管理者当地化分析

本文通过对在华日资企业的问卷调查,研究分析了日资企业在华经营管理者当地化的现状以及阻碍其进程的因素。中国籍员工已经成为日资企业经营管理的中坚力量,越来越多的中国人开始在日资企业担任重要职务,推进经营管理者的当地化进程已成为几乎所有日资企业的共识。同时也发现,部分日资企业在华投资时间的长短与经营管理者当地化程度的高低并不完全成正相关关系。     

大众文化的美学

关于大众文化,我们希望更多地是从美学的视角进行探讨,分析高雅趣味解体之后消费文化与大众传媒之间的审美关系;审视大众文化的奇趣现象以及应时之作应有的审美地位;阐释艺术复制品与拷贝文化的审美价值,进而梳理其中的存在样态,使接受者更多地了解有关大众文化的美学存在与形式。     

The Information Geometric Structure of Generalized Empirical Likelihood Estimators

The generalized empirical likelihood (GEL) method produces a class of estimators of parameters defined via general estimating equations. This class includes several important estimators, such as empirical likelihood (EL), exponential tilting (ET), and continuous updating estimators (CUE). We examine the information geometric structure of GEL estimators. We introduce a class of estimators closely related to the class of minimum divergence (MD) estimators and show that there is a one-to-one correspondence between this class and the class GEL.     

Extended stirling family of discrete probability distributions

In this paper. introduced is a family of discrete probability distributions. whose probability function includes explieitly the Striling-Carlitz polynomial of the first or the second kind. The new family extends the stirling family of distributions. Sibuya (1988) includes the conditional distributions of the orginal ones and enlarges the application area.     

学科范式转变中的"民俗志"——以《中国民俗文化志》的"标志性文化统领式"民俗志为例

自1950年代至今,中国民俗学·民间文艺学学术史上出现了几次关于田野作业的大型讨论,2006年12月在京召开的"民族志、民俗志的理论与实践学术研讨会"便是其最新进展。主持人刘铁梁在会上介绍了《中国民俗文化志》的首批成果,对于中国民俗学·民间文艺学目前关心的一个问题——"我们究竟如何撰写当前的民俗学·民间文艺学所期待的民俗志?"——做了回答。本文将《中国民俗文化志》所依赖的概念("标志性文化")与写作模式("标志性文化统领式")加以批评,重启它所蕴含的可能性,以促使当前中国民俗学·民间文艺学有关田野作业的讨论继续发展。     

Satisfaction of basic psychological needs in an interdependence model of fathers’ own aspirations and those of their adolescent children

Anchored in self‐determination theory (SDT), we used a sample of 310 Japanese father‐child dyads (fathers Mage = 47.95; children Mage = 14.98, 50% female), to investigate: (a) the structure of aspirations in a Japanese sample, (b) the association between fathers’ own intrinsic and extrinsic aspirations and the aspirations reported by their adolescent children, (c) the links between child‐reported father autonomy support and children’s self‐ reported aspirations, and (d) the associations between fathers’ own and children’s own aspirations and the basic psychological needs satisfaction of both fathers and children. Confirmatory factor analysis demonstrated acceptable fit for the theorized model of intrinsic and extrinsic aspirations specified by SDT. Correlation analysis revealed positive associations between the aspirations of fathers’ and those endorsed by their children, which were not moderated by father’s autonomy support. Actor‐partner interdependence modeling indicated that when fathers were relatively intrinsic in their orientations, basic psychological need satisfaction was higher for both themselves and their children. These findings highlight the relevance of intrinsic and extrinsic aspirations to the well‐being of youth and the interplay between fathers’ and children’s aspirations, suggesting that both fathers’ intrinsic aspirations and parenting styles are associated with children’s basic psychological needs satisfaction.     

A voluntary participation game through a unit-by-unit cost share mechanism of a non-excludable public good

The strategic analysis of voluntary participation in the public good provision has shown two distinct results. First, when the provision of public goods is binary, there are Nash equilibria supporting efficient allocations, and these are Strong Nash equilibria of the game. On the other hand, a model of a continuous public good (Saijo–Yamato, J Econ Theory 84:227–242, 1999) showed that the participation of all agents is not an equilibrium in many situations. This article considers the provision of a discrete and multi-unit public good, and examines a unit-by-unit participation game. Namely, people are asked to participate in each unit of public good provision, and those who chose to participate share the marginal cost of public good. In this game of public good provision, there are subgame-perfect equilibria that are Pareto efficient. We also use the refinement concepts to eliminate inefficient subgame-perfect equilibria and also to characterize the efficient subgame-perfect equilibria.     

Supplier quality assessment to identify depth technical knowledge of component reliability

As a result of global competition, international companies that manufacture photocopiers, printers or car navigation systems have to purchase low-cost electronic components such as semiconductors and hard disk drives by outsourcing production. However, it is often difficult for these companies to evaluate the quality of their suppliers through interviews and technical documentations. This article proposes new measures for supplier assessment and a systematic approach to select suppliers that have in-depth knowledge of component reliability and technology. The measures for selection not only include the physical quality of components but also information disclosures provided by suppliers, which consist of failure analysis, reliability data and details of the design-manufacturing process. The proposed measures are applied to real data of photocopier manufacturing enterprises. Experiments conducted show that a systematic assessment will enable selecting appropriate suppliers with a lower failure rate.