卓越教师培养的有效探索——我国台湾地区“卓越师资培育奖学金计划”述评及启示

当前国际教师教育改革转为以卓越为取向的发展趋势。我国台湾地区的"少子化"问题引发了该区域师资供需失调的矛盾，同时多元化的师资培育模式又导致教师素质不断下降。在此背景下，2006年我国台湾地区推行"卓越师资培育奖学金计划"。该计划旨在提升师资培育过程质量、加强绩效管理、建立完善的奖励与竞争机制，通过实现优胜劣汰来保障实施该计划的各院校取得成效。经过试行与正式实施，该计划的成效整体良好。"卓越师资培育奖学金计划"对新时代卓越教师培养具有一定的借鉴意义，如以奖励与竞争的方式优化卓越师资结构、建立卓越教师培养计划退场机制、改革高校教师教育培养模式，等等。     

LAWYERS IN VENTURE CAPITAL CONTRACTING: THEORY AND EVIDENCE

Real‐world financial contracts are sometimes so complex that it can be difficult to understand their exact payoff consequences. We develop and test a theoretical model of a venture capitalist (VC) negotiating with an entrepreneur who may overweigh or underweigh the payoff consequences of contractual downside protection (DP). A lawyer with expertise in venture capital can inform the entrepreneur about these consequences, but less expert (but otherwise high quality) lawyers cannot. We determine how a VC's decision to include DP is affected by the expected quality of the entrepreneur's project, the entrepreneur's experience, and the VC expertise of his/her legal counsel. We show that the VC's incentive to include unnecessary DP declines in expected project quality. Indeed, for inexperienced entrepreneurs involved with high‐quality projects, VCs prefer that the entrepreneur's counsel has VC expertise. This implies that, when negotiating with inexperienced entrepreneurs, VCs who invest in high‐quality companies should be more likely to negotiate with entrepreneurs who employ lawyers with VC expertise. We document broad empirical support for the model, and provide evidence against competing explanations. (JEL L24, G24, K12, L14, L24)     

POWER APPROXIMATIONS FOR A TWO-ECHELON INVENTORY SYSTEM USING SERVICE LEVELS

We consider a two-echelon inventory system with one warehouse and several stores. The warehouse as well as the stores are controlled by periodic review (s, S) inventory policies. We study the interrelationship between the safety stocks at the warehouse and the stores. Stockouts at the warehouse will result in supply delays to the stores and cause the lead time to be stochastic. The stores may react by increasing their safety stock. However, there is a trade-off between the safety stock at the warehouse and the safety stock at the stores. We use a service level at the warehouse to quantify the effect of warehouse stockouts on the lead time to the stores. The service level at the warehouse is considered a decision variable to find the best compromise between the various safety stocks by minimizing the overall costs. Using power approximations for the (s, S) policies, we provide an iterative procedure for adjusting the lead time distribution to the stores; this can result in substantial savings, but it doesn't guarantee the overall optimality. Numerical studies are provided to test the accuracy of approximations. The effects of the different system parameters on the inventory policy give general guidelines for use of the policies.     

PRESERVATION OF TRADE SECRETS AND MULTINATIONAL WAGE PREMIA

This paper considers the strategic behavior of a multinational firm with superior technology operating in a developing country. Domestic firms do not have access to the superior technology other than by hiring away multinational corporation (MNC) workers. The MNC can retain its workers by paying a wage premia, and we determine how the industry structure and the nature of strategic competition between firms affects the MNC's incentive to pay this premia and thus preserve its informational advantage. We characterize conditions under which MNCs inefficiently divide job tasks in order to raise the cost to domestic firms of acquiring the MNC's trade secrets. ( JEL F23, J31, O33)     

高等教育的两难境地--论高等教育与社会的关系

高等教育与社会之间的关系问题是一个由来已久的问题.传统大学绝对独立于社会的历史如今已不现实,也不可取,而现代大学一味适应社会的做法也将预示着大学精神的衰落.在独立与适应之间找到平衡点,既不远离社会也不迎奉社会,与现实社会保持适当距离,是高等教育在处理自身与社会现实之间错综复杂关系的一种原则和策略.     

三江源自然保护区生态保护立法基本理念研究

文章就三江源自然保护区生态保护立法的基本理念进行了探讨。认为应当将该地区生态保护立法的指导思想确立为生态本位,以塑造对三江源自然保护区生态保护法律规范的忠诚感为立法的直接目的,以保护生态利益作为这一地区生态保护立法的终极目的。立法中在坚持可持续发展原则的同时,还应当将衡平原则和合作原则、公众参与原则、国家干预原则确立为该地区生态保护立法的原则。     

刑罚执行制度研究概况及述评

梳理建国以来刑罚执行制度研究概况及发展脉络,并对刑罚执行制度的研究现状,即减刑制度和假释制度在司法实践中引起关注的热点问题及相关理论问题的研究得失进行比较客观的整体评论,可以总结出刑罚执行制度研究的整体成就和不足。     

民族服饰中图腾文化的多元化表现和设计应用

图腾崇拜是人类文化史上一种古老的、普遍的文化现象,我国的各个少数民族都喜欢将自己的宗教文化、图腾文化应用于本民族的服饰图案中。文章分别从图腾在民族服饰中的应用及多元化表现等方面进行论述,指出图腾在现代服装中的运用不应该是对原始图腾及少数民族服饰简单的堆砌和照抄照搬,而应该赋予其新的意义,才能在现代服装中体现出图腾所蕴涵的深厚文化底蕴。     

以"三个代表"重要思想为指导努力开创云南哲学社会科学工作的新局面

作者站在时代和历史的高度,以世界的眼光和战略的思维视野,全面阐明了哲学社会科学在人类历史发展和我国社会主义现代化建设中的重要地位和作用,充分肯定了云南哲学社会科学取得的突出成绩,对进一步繁荣发展云南哲学社会科学进行了总体部署和全面安排。     

论经济法法律责任的法理学描述

本文从我国法理学对法律责任的一般理论描述出发,考察和分析经济法部门对该理论的吸纳和发展的情形,指出其局限和缺失,并在此基础上,重新对经济法法律责任问题进行了客观描述。