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Respiratory illness is an important childhood illness and a significant cause of infant mortality. This study examined the
relationship between neighbourhood level variables and rates of respiratory illness for children less than 2 years of age,
born in Saskatoon between 1992 and 1994. Rates of respiratory illness, as measured by proportion of children hospitalized
and frequency of hospitalization and ambulatory visits to physicians, were higher among infants living in socially disadvantaged
neighbourhoods. Multivariate predictive models for rates of respiratory illness support the research hypothesis that housing
characteristics, in the presence of other neighbourhood characteristics, have a significant impact on determining the rates
of respiratory illness among Saskatoon children. 相似文献
2.
Nazeem Muhajarine Ronald Labonte Allison Williams James Randall 《Social indicators research》2008,85(1):53-80
Interest in understanding how characteristics associated with where people live, in addition to the characteristics of the
people themselves, affect health outcomes has risen sharply in recent years. While much of the research examining this question
focus on teasing apart effects of place and individual on outcomes, less attention has been paid to examining how individuals’
perceptions of where they live may provide some clues to better understanding the influence of place on outcomes. We present
findings from analysis undertaken that incorporate the subjective responses of individuals, residing in three socially contrasting
neighbourhoods, to their local environment. Our first question addressed whether perceptions related to neighbourhood and
city of residence matter to self rated health and quality of life independent of individual characteristics, while the second
question examined whether the perceptions and individual characteristics are modified by the neighbourhood socio-economic
context. Our results show that perceived neighbourhood characteristics, in addition to individual sociodemographic factors,
are significant correlates of self rated health and quality of life. Moreover, we show that the type of perceived neighbourhood
characteristics and the magnitude of their influence on self rated health and quality of life vary depending on whether they
live in high- versus low-socioeconomic status neighbourhoods.
相似文献
James RandallEmail: |
3.
Allison Williams Bill Holden Peter Krebs Nazeem Muhajarine Kate Waygood James Randall Cara Spence 《Social indicators research》2008,85(1):111-125
There is a growing interest in quality of life as an integrated approach to addressing key social, environmental and economic
determinants of health. The University of Saskatchewan’s Community-University Institute for Social Research, funded by the
Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council (grant #410-2004-0669) has examined the process and results of a multi-stakeholder
approach to the ongoing sustainability of Saskatoon, Canada as a healthy city with an improving and a more equitably distributed
quality of life. Using quantitative and qualitative analysis, together with GIS technology, this research has examined the
quality of life across three locales in Saskatoon—representing Low, Middle and High socio-economic status in both 2001 and
2004. The participatory action research approach used in this work ensures the value of the outputs to the stakeholders. Given
the strong recognition of the importance of interfacing policy, research and community, and the growing impatience with the
limited application of research findings to social and health practices and policies, this project has undertaken four major
knowledge translation/transfer strategies, above and beyond the traditional academic channels: (1) engagement of local media
on a consistent basis, (2) implementing community policy forums to ensure continued community readiness and uptake, (3) facilitation
of and successful functioning of a steering committee, and (4) employment of an action researcher to operate as a policy entrepreneur.
This paper will review and discuss each of these strategies and outline the evaluative research being done to document the
success of these strategies.
相似文献
Cara SpenceEmail: |
4.
In an increasingly knowledge-based globalized world, higher education, advanced training and skill development are critical priorities for Vietnam. This paper aims to estimate the participation in higher education and its regional distribution in Vietnam, and to identify its determinants at the individual and contextual levels. Data used were from Vietnam Population and Housing Census 2009 linked with Vietnam living standard survey 2009. The participation rate overall in the colleges/universities among 19–22 year olds in Vietnam was 16.3%, but this rate varied significantly across the provinces. Household socioeconomic status, gender, ethnic group, migrant status, and urban/rural residence were significant individual level predictors of participation while indicator of fertility stabilization, income distribution, and average education level were significant predictors at the contextual (provincial) level. The results show that individual, social and regional inequalities are important impediments to higher education participation among the Vietnam youth. The government needs to pay more attention to promoting higher education and training in order to position Vietnam in the global economy. 相似文献
5.
Changes in quality of life perceptions in Saskatoon,Saskatchewan: comparing survey results from 2001 and 2004 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Allison Williams Peter Kitchen James Randall Nazeem Muhajarine 《Social indicators research》2008,85(1):5-21
There is a growing interest in quality of life (QoL) as an integrated approach to addressing key social, environmental and
economic determinants of health. The University of Saskatchewan’s Community-University Institute for Social Research (CUISR)
has examined the process and results of a multi-stakeholder approach to the ongoing sustainability of Saskatoon, Saskatchewan
as a healthy city with an improving and a more equitably distributed QoL. Using quantitative and qualitative analysis, this
research has examined QoL across three locales in Saskatoon—representing Low, Middle and High socio-economic status neighbourhoods.
Two large telephone surveys were conducted with residents of the city in 2001 and 2004. This paper presents the major findings
from these two surveys according to four overarching research questions posed by the CUISR QoL team. The questions relate
to a number of QoL issues including the socio-demographic characteristics of respondents, place related measures, aspects
influencing excellent or very good QoL in Saskatoon and feelings of a strong sense of place. The paper also assesses the changes
in the results of the four questions between 2001 and 2004.
相似文献
Nazeem MuhajarineEmail: |
6.
The aim of the current paper was to examine the equivalence of the Early Development Instrument (EDI), a teacher rating measure
of school readiness, for Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal children. The current study used an approach, which analyzes the structure
and properties of the EDI at the subdomain level. Similar subdomain score distributions would suggest that the EDI measures
subdomains similarly for both Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal groups, whereas systematic variations in distributions would suggest
the presence of bias at the subdomain level. The EDI was completed on a population of kindergarteners in 2003 in Saskatoon,
Saskatchewan, Canada. Results indicate that mean scores for all the domains and subdomains were significantly lower for Aboriginal
children. However, the distributions of subdomains in which children were rated as ‘challenges exist’ were similar among both
groups. The findings suggest an equivalent structure of the EDI at the subdomains level for Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal
children. The next step is to examine the specific correlates, beyond the structure of the EDI, that are associated with disparities
in EDI subdomain scores, such as contextual factors and social conditions. 相似文献
7.
Quality of life research: New challenges and new opportunities 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1
In recent years there has been growing interest in applied quality of life research and involving the community in the research
process with the ultimate goal of improving the social and economic circumstances of people. Increasingly, community-university
partnerships are seen as an effective vehicle to achieve this. The Community-University Institute for Social Research (CUISR)
based in Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada is a successful example of such as partnership. CUISR’s quality of life module has
conducted extensive research in Saskatoon and has been active in engaging the community in developing strategies and setting
priorities for action. This paper serves as a brief introduction to the Special Edition of Social Indicators Research. It
provides the context for the collection of articles contained in the publication and outlines its organization. 相似文献
8.
Allison M. Williams Nazeem Muhajarine James Randall Ronald Labonte Peter Kitchen 《Social indicators research》2008,85(1):97-110
This paper examines volunteerism across three neighbourhood types that are differentiated by socio-economic status (SES) in
Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada. The three neighbourhood types are defined as Low, Middle and High SES. The study used data
collected from two telephone surveys (n = 968 in 2001, n = 997 in 2004) using random-digit dialling, together with in-depth interview data collected from a selected set of survey
participants (n = 90). Neighbourhood type and length of residence are shown to have a strong bearing on volunteerism. The interview data
illustrates that the quality of volunteer activity that residents engage in differs across neighbourhood types.
相似文献
Peter KitchenEmail: |
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