基于创新导向的风险投资领域公共政策

风险投资对促进创新活动具有重要作用,然而风险投资的健康发展需要政府公共政策的干预。为此从公共政策、风险投资与创新三者之间的关系入手,从创新的需求和供给角度建立模型,分别研究了创新产品市场和风险投资市场,并运用均衡分析方法研究了整个市场的均衡状态,根据社会效用最大化目标,分析政府最优公共政策组合及其对社会福利的影响。因此,这种最优政策工具组合可供政府制定相关政策时参考。     

大学生创新训练计划的实践与思考

大学生创新创业训练计划是国家深化高校创新创业教育改革的重要举措,是培养创新型国家建设需要的高水平创新人才的积极探索,是提高高校学生创新实践能力的有效途径.为此,结合国家级大学生创新训练计划——多功能电能质量分析仪的研制,论述了该项目实施对提高大学生创新实践能力的收获与思考,以期为开展和实施大学生创新训练计划以及培养大学...     

某三甲医院员工满意度现状分析研究

目的:通过医院员工满意度现状调查,针对问题提出对策,提高员工满意度,改善医疗服务质量,为医院提高员工满意度提供决策依据。方法:采用满意度问卷调查表收集数据,采用SPSS20.0软件进行统计分析。结果:员工满意度总体情况接近比较满意水平;影响因素有工作岗位、学历水平、专业技术职称等方面。结论:医院应当关注员工满意情绪管理,建立员工满意度调查制度,关注不同影响因素和不同群体差异,以提高员工工作满意度。     

Business Cycles,Medicaid Generosity,and Birth Outcomes

Birth outcomes influence many aspects of later life health and wellbeing, making healthcare access during pregnancy a policy priority. Low-income mothers often depend on Medicaid, for which eligibility is determined by their income relative to state eligibility thresholds. The prevalence of adverse birth outcomes is known to exhibit cyclical variation, due in part to changes in the composition of women giving birth in response to changing economic conditions. However, cyclical variation in adverse birth outcomes also varies with respect to Medicaid eligibility thresholds. Our analysis uses birth-records data for 2000 through 2013, aggregated into 173,936 county-by-quarter observations and linked to county-level unemployment rates and state-level parental Medicaid thresholds. Using fixed-effects negative binomial models, we examine the role of Medicaid generosity in influencing birth outcomes across business cycles. We test for interactions between Medicaid and unemployment, hypothesizing that the negative effects of recessions are worse where Medicaid thresholds are more restrictive. We find that higher Medicaid generosity dampens the negative effects of recessions on birth outcomes. The extent to which Medicaid interacts with unemployment also varies according to the age and race composition of mothers; in particular, Black mothers are both most affected by unemployment and most responsive to Medicaid generosity. Given current concerns about racial gaps in both infant and maternal mortality, our findings suggest that Medicaid may be an important feature of a strategy to close gaps in the prevalence of adverse birth outcomes across racial groups, especially during bust years.     

2008版清单计价规范下中英工程量清单计价比较研究

从英国工程量清单计价模式的特点出发，并结合我国最新颁布的2008版《建设工程工程量清单计价规范》，通过分析比较两国清单内容、工程量计算规则、清单计价方法和招投标制度，指出我国现行清单计价的不足，并对进一步完善与发展我国清单计价提出参考意见。     

Staying safe and visible via message sharing in online social networks

As an imperative channel for fast information propagation, online social networks (OSNs) also have their defects. One of them is the information leakage, i.e., information could be spread via OSNs to the users whom we are not willing to share with. Thus the problem of constructing a circle of trust to share information with as many friends as possible without further spreading it to unwanted targets has become a challenging research topic but still remained open. Our work is the first attempt to study the Maximum Circle of Trust problem seeking to share the information with the maximum expected number of poster’s friends such that the information spread to the unwanted targets is brought to its knees. First, we consider a special and more practical case with the two-hop information propagation and a single unwanted target. In this case, we show that this problem is NP-hard, which denies the existence of an exact polynomial-time algorithm. We thus propose a Fully Polynomial-Time Approximation Scheme (FPTAS), which can not only adjust any allowable performance error bound but also run in polynomial time with both the input size and allowed error. FPTAS is the best approximation solution one can ever wish for an NP-hard problem. We next consider the number of unwanted targets is bounded and prove that there does not exist an FPTAS in this case. Instead, we design a Polynomial-Time Approximation Scheme (PTAS) in which the allowable error can also be controlled. When the number of unwanted targets are not bounded, we provide a randomized algorithm, along with the analytical theoretical bound and inapproximaibility result. Finally, we consider a general case with many hops information propagation and further show its #P-hardness and propose an effective Iterative Circle of Trust Detection (ICTD) algorithm based on a novel greedy function. An extensive experiment on various real-world OSNs has validated the effectiveness of our proposed approximation and ICTD algorithms. Such an extensive experiment also highlights several important observations on information leakage which help to sharpen the security of OSNs in the future.     

阿玛蒂亚·森的正义观——对罗尔斯的批判及其公共政策含义

罗尔斯的思考模式并不是理解正义的唯一路径,阿玛蒂亚.森的《正义观》对罗尔斯展开了全面的批判。不同于很多学者忽略替代性理论的完善,阿玛蒂亚.森完成了包括基本主题、分析工具和评估尺度在内的范式转换。他重拾了智识史上的现实比较传统取代主流的先验制度主义,发展了社会选择理论以代替契约论分析构架,以能力尺度超越了基本物品尺度。阿玛蒂亚.森在基本主题和分析工具的学术合法性的证明上是完整和有说服力的,而在将能力方法(作为评估尺度)运用于公共政策领域时则面临了理论逻辑和现实逻辑的限制。只有在理论上退让到基本能力层面,能力方法才具有公共政策中的合理性。与罗尔斯的《正义论》一样,阿玛蒂亚.森的《正义观》也不可能是正义研究的终点,两种范式之间的争论方兴未艾。     

数字经济的统计界定和产业分类研究

当前,数字经济已经成为引领科技革命和产业变革的核心力量,然而国内外尚无统一的数字经济定义和产业分类标准,亟需明确数字经济统计界定,统一产业分类标准,为进一步研究分析提供支撑。首先,本文在系统梳理数字经济狭义和广义定义基础上对数字经济进行了广义界定。其次,将其生产活动归纳为核心活动和应用活动两部分。最后,进一步构建中国数字经济产业分类体系,将数字经济核心活动识别为数字设备制造业、数字产品贸易业、数字技术服务业和数字驱动产业4个大类、19个中类,将数字经济应用活动识别为电子商务产业、数字内容产业、数字金融产业、数字政府产业和 其他数字产业5个大类、24个中类,共计9个大类、43个中类。本文研究成果有望为完善中国数字经济产业分类标准、制定产业政策和定量测算产业规模提供参考。     

真实人物商品化研究

随着时代演进,人物商品化活动于今日可谓琳琅满目。就真实人物商品化方面而言,知名公众为产品或服务代言已成为行销的催化剂。对公众人物其个人姓名、形象等人格特质商品化所产生的经济利益如何合理的进行保护在实务中越发的复杂化。文章以体育、影视娱乐工业发达的美国为平台,从实务判例对人物商品化进行分析,辅以英、德、日等国对人物商品化问题所采用理论与处理模式加以论述,探讨真实人物商品化规范方式的相关见解。最终检视我国现行法律所提供的保护、可能产生的漏洞,并提出妥当的保护方式及对未来发展提出意见。     

基于范式演进的工程项目风险分担研究

基于范式演进学说,通过对已有工程项目风险分担相关研究文献的综述性归纳,研究得出:工程项目风险分担研究的发展脉络与项目本质认知的深化具有关联性,从项目一次性特征到临时契约及社会网络的本质认知,工程项目情景下的风险分担研究呈现出范式演进的特征;技术与组织范式关注于从风险识别、评估及分配等分担过程的视角揭示其改善机理,但研究缺乏“经济人”与“社会人”假设下的分析,有悖于现实情景;而契约范式与关系范式的兴起则拓展了风险分担解释空间,揭示了社会资本、信任等关系情景或要素对风险分担的作用机理.