Sociology and Sisyphus: postcolonialism,anti-positivism,and modernist narrative in Patterson’s oeuvre

Theory and Society - This article argues that Orlando Patterson is a key contributor to postcolonial fiction and postcolonial theory as well as historical sociology and social theory, whose work...     

In Recognition of Their Desperation: Sonic Relationality and the Work of Deep Listening

This essay places composer Pauline Oliveros’s philosophy and practice of Deep Listening in conversation with analytic theories of listening in a duet that explores one central question: What can listening do? Thinking through the impact of cultivated listening practices on the sensorium, the relational implications of listening across difference, and the centrality of practices of listening to the therapeutic action of psychoanalysis as well as the transformational capacity of performance, this essay claims Oliveros as a practitioner and theorist of a central psychoanalytic practice: listening. Deep Listening has the capacity to act as an amplifier for extending the reach of analytic listening beyond the clinic into an expanded cultural field. Likewise, psychoanalytic thinking allows for a rich exploration of the interpersonal and intrapsychic dynamics of Oliveros’s sonic meditations as they resonate in the circuits between the psyche and the social. Her 1970 composition To Valerie Solanas and Marilyn Monroe In Recognition of Their Desperation acts as a case study for exploring the dynamics of feminist listening.     

Is the web a promising tool for data collection in developing countries? An analysis of the sample bias of 10 web and face-to-face surveys from Africa,Asia, and South America

Whereas the sample composition biases of web surveys have been discussed extensively for developed countries, studies for developing countries are scarce. This article helps to fill that gap by comparing similar non-probability-based web surveys (WEB) and probability-based face-to-face (F2F) surveys both to each other and to the labor force. An analysis of WageIndicator data on work and wages derived from surveys held in 2009–2013 in 10 developing countries (WEB-sample N = 9135; F2F-sample N = 14,659), shows that F2F samples resemble the labor force to a larger extent than web samples do. In both cases, individuals in their 20s and early 30s are overrepresented, and younger and older respondents are underrepresented. This trend is more pronounced in WEB than in F2F samples. However, the differences converge in countries with higher Internet usage. A comparison of the WEB and F2F samples shows that compositions differ greatly, with web respondents being younger, more often male, more often living alone, and higher educated, although these differences are smaller in countries with higher Internet usage. Given the cost differences between the two survey modes, one should nevertheless consider the potential of web surveys as an instrument to gain explorative insights, specifically when searching for individuals with particular characteristics.     

Editor's Comments

There are two purposes of this marriage education marketing study: (1) to compare the self-reported intra- and interpersonal qualities of 121 married couples (n = 242 individuals) attending a marriage education program with 46 married couples (n = 92 individuals) who were contacted through marketing promotional materials to attend the program but did not participate and (2) to determine if intra- and/or interpersonal qualities would predict the likelihood of marriage education attendance versus nonattendance. Results showed that compared with program nonparticipants, program participants reported lower levels of self-esteem, marital communication quality, marital commitment, marital satisfaction, family strengths, less consensus and intimacy, less fulfillment of marriage expectations, and increased levels of marital conflict. Levels of religiosity and fusion were the same for participants and nonparticipants. Wald logistic regression analysis indicated communication was the only significant predictor of marriage education participation. Implications for marriage education programming and practitioners are outlined.     

Conceptual Framework for Integrating Holistic Perspectives and Approaches to Problems of Safe Motherhood

ABSTRACT

This article provides a conceptual framework for incorporating the array of variables defined in maternal health research in order to explicate their influence on problems of safe motherhood. Focusing an overview of the articles in this collection, in addition to strategies and policies needed from practitioners' perspectives and finding from case studies, research findings from a variety of countries are provided. Factors influencing positive outcomes such as age of mother, skilled attendants at delivery, and prenatal care are considered. The importance of the political and economic structure and stability of the country which plays an important role is discussed.     

Challenges of Safe Motherhood: Program and Policy Recommendations

ABSTRACT

This article synthesizes the major findings from research and case studies on safe motherhood and focuses on best practices and changes in public policy. Many factors that negatively influence safe motherhood can be ameliorated—and have been in numerous societies through education, access to resources, public–private partnerships, and grassroots efforts. A model identifying the interrelationship of variable is provided. Policy recommendations are discussed.     

魔鬼的笔迹(二)--前殖民话语,人种/族类见解和跨文化认同在德国殖民过程中的作用

萨摩亚人———“高贵的野蛮人”在殖民接管的前夜,最有影响的关于萨摩亚人的人种观念即为“高贵的野蛮人”[24](P205232)他者时,人们常常启用高贵的野蛮人这一套话,但这一比喻与其他比喻的不同尚待仔细分析。③我们都熟悉这样的说法:在19世纪社会理论的框架内,法国和苏格兰的启蒙运动把当代的非欧洲人说成是与欧洲人不同步,不是生活在一个时代。①大部分社会进化学说似乎不承认与非西方人有真正的亲族关系,它们也不认为人类的早期发展阶段有什么美德。最有影响的高贵的野蛮人的说法却恰恰相反。在这里,非西方人成了欧洲人的一个早期版本。…     

Subjective health and its relationship with working time variables and job stressors: Sequence or general factor model?

Abstract

This study compares two theoretical models that make different assumptions about the structure of subjective health constructs and about the effects of job stressors and working time variables on health. The first model, the sequence model, is based on sequential models of the development of ill-health and posits that chronic fatigue and sleep problems mediate the effects of job stressors and working time variables on depression and somatic complaints. The second model, the general strain factor model, posits that specific health constructs (e.g. fatigue, depression, and somatic complaints) are reflections of a common general strain factor (i.e. detrimental job conditions increase the individual's sensitization to strain). In this way the study expands traditional models of stress-related effects on health. The analyses were carried out in a sample of 365 individuals in Germany. Although both models fitted the data, the general strain factor model was found to be superior. Furthermore, the effects of job stressors and working time on the health constructs fatigue and sleep quality were mediated by the general strain factor. Also, a negative relationship emerged between working time duration and general strain. It is suggested that the general strain model could be useful in future health psychology research.