论路易斯·卡罗尔《爱丽丝仙境漫游》中的戏仿

路易斯·卡罗尔著名小说《爱丽丝仙境漫游》至少包含4首模仿经典诗歌的戏仿诗歌。戏仿诗歌展现了其内嵌或隐身于其他文本的特点。这一特点与戏仿反对说教的娱乐性结合，共同行使了戏仿潜在的挽救性功能，使人们永远铭记可能落入湮没无闻状态的诗人及作品。戏仿作品以喜闻乐见的方式，与严肃文学相互作用，不失为读者熟悉、研读严肃文学的一个捷径。     

Modifications of sequential designs in bioequivalence trials

Bioequivalence (BE) studies are designed to show that two formulations of one drug are equivalent and they play an important role in drug development. When in a design stage, it is possible that there is a high degree of uncertainty on variability of the formulations and the actual performance of the test versus reference formulation. Therefore, an interim look may be desirable to stop the study if there is no chance of claiming BE at the end (futility), or claim BE if evidence is sufficient (efficacy), or adjust the sample size. Sequential design approaches specially for BE studies have been proposed previously in publications. We applied modification to the existing methods focusing on simplified multiplicity adjustment and futility stopping. We name our method modified sequential design for BE studies (MSDBE). Simulation results demonstrate comparable performance between MSDBE and the original published methods while MSDBE offers more transparency and better applicability. The R package MSDBE is available at https://sites.google.com/site/modsdbe/ . Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

The intergenerational education spillovers of pension reform in China

Economic theory establishes that pension privatization weakens the link between old and young and so reduces the incentive to invest in public education in an economy with lower return rate of capital than growth rate of wage. However, empirical studies of the link change are few. In this paper, we investigate the effects of pension privatization and the central government’s subsidy to individual accounts on public education spending in a three-period overlapping generation model. And then, we take contemporary pension reforms in a number of Chinese provinces as offering natural experiment conditions. Using a difference-in-difference framework and 282 municipal districts panel data over years 1998–2009, we test the pension-education theoretical link change. Both our theoretical and empirical results confirm that pension privatization is adversely associated with local public spending on education in China. Private pension subsidies, moreover, magnify this effect. Our study supports the theoretical assertion and selective empirical findings of a negative intergenerational effect of pension privatization.     

时刻莫忘珍惜土地

土地,被卡尔·马克思称之为"一切生产和一切存在的源泉".也就是人们通常所说,土地是人类赖以生存的物质基础,是不可再生的宝贵资源和重要资产,是人类一切活动和社会经济发展的载体.     

森林可持续经营的政策支持体系——亚太区域示范林项目中国临安示范林实践

运用参与性诊断(即PRRA)方法对临安示范林地区的森林经营主要政策进行了诊断分析,找出了现行政策存在的问题,如:政策环境欠佳,产权政策不到位,税费政策不合理,林业产品生产、加工和销售脱节,森林生态效益补偿政策欠规范、不合理等.同时,运用参与性设计的方法对若干主要政策进行专项设计,并在此基础上,从优化森林可持续经营的政策环境和规范政策系统运行两方面入手,提出一套科学、合理和有效的适合当地水平的森林可持续经营综合设计方案,以促进示范林网络的发展.     

文言文的英译技巧--林语堂译《浮生六记》与马丁·路德翻译细则之碰撞

从分析林译《浮生六记》与马丁·路德的翻译细则的碰撞入手 ,指出了新世纪的中国译学应是求同性与存异性的统一 ,既要广泛地批判吸收世界各国的译学传统 ,同时又要积极保持并展示自己文化的独立性与深度     

经贸英语在中国加入WTO后的新趋势

经贸英语对我国的经济和对外贸易业务起了相当重要的作用。中国加入WTO后和在西部大开发的进程中,同世界各国的外贸业务更加频繁,国际贸易业务知识已渗入日常的商务活动之中,外贸活动对英语能力的要求必将刺激经贸荚语的进一步发展和普及。外贸函电中电子商务的普遍应用,商务活动中的信息高速公路,电脑购物、电子货币和智能卡等,使得经贸英语出现许多新的特点和新的优势。本文对这些特点和优势进行了探讨。     

矿业城市风险规避的相关政策研究

矿业城市是一类在资源开发和利用基础上发展起来的城市 ,大多数矿业城市具有资源依赖性的特点 ,并较易形成“矿竭城衰”。本文对现有研究成果进行了概括 ,并着重从三个方面探讨了矿业城市可持续发展的相关政策建议 ,包括建立矿业城市发展的早期预警系统、建立矿业城市可持续发展基金、降低矿业类产业的退出壁垒等     

数字时代的挑战与教育情报的对策

分析了数字时代的信息特点以及给教育情报领域带来的挑战 ,提出了教育情报面对现实应采取的对策。旨在从某个侧面强化教育信息资源建设的整合度。