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Hiroyuki Torigoe 《International Journal of Japanese Sociology》2014,23(1):21-31
The life environmentalism model, which emphasizes the lives and livelihoods of local communities, was developed in Japan on the basis of intensive field research in the Lake Biwa district. There were two opposing schools of thought when the model was created in 1984. One school recognized the benefits of untouched nature, relied on ecology as a science and was supported by ecological movements. We label this model natural environmentalism (the eco-system model). The other school of thought maintained that the development of modern technology could resolve environmental problems and was strongly supported by the administrators of the Lake Biwa district. We have called this modern technocentrism. After critiquing both ideas we propose a life environmentalism model, which focuses on matters of ownership, community organization and residents' consciousness using the concepts of common possession, iibun (group views) and life consciousness. The model is effective in densely populated countries such as Japan and China but it may not be useful in areas with a low population density. The differences between the basic ideas of this model and the other two models, especially the eco-system model, may provide hints on suitable ways to preserve the environment. 相似文献
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In this paper, we compare two estimators, the RLE (restricted Liu estimator) and the RLSE (restricted least squares estimator) of parameters in linear models under Gauss–Markov models. Using generalized inverse of matrices, we found some equivalency conditions for the superiority of the RLE with respect to the MSE criterion. 相似文献
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Ikuyo Torigoe Allison Shorten 《Women and birth : journal of the Australian College of Midwives》2018,31(1):e9-e19
Background
Opportunities for women and providers to use decision aids and share decisions about birth after caesarean in practice are currently limited in Japan. This is despite known benefits of decision aids to support value-sensitive healthcare decisions.Aim
To explore Japanese women’s decision making experiences using a decision aid program for birth choices after caesarean.Methods
A mixed methods study was conducted among 33 consenting pregnant women with previous caesarean in five obstetrics institutions located in the western part of Japan. Outcome measures included change in level of decisional conflict, change in knowledge, and preference for birth method. Semi-structured interviews examined women’s decision making experiences, and qualitative data were analyzed using thematic analysis.Findings
The participants in the program experienced a statistically significant improvement in knowledge and reduction in decisional conflict about birth after caesarean. Four themes were identified in the qualitative data related to decision making: change in women’s knowledge about birth choices, clarifying women’s birth preference, feelings about shared decision making, and contrasting feelings after receiving information.Discussion
This study confirmed potential benefits of using the decision aid program. However, uncertainty about mode of birth continued for some women immediately prior to the birth. This finding emphasized the need to identify additional ways to support women emotionally throughout the process of decision making about birth after caesarean.Conclusions
It was feasible to adapt the decision aid for use in clinical practice. Future research is necessary to examine its effectiveness when implemented in Japanese clinical settings. 相似文献4.
鸟越皓之 《中国农业大学学报(社会科学版)》2017,34(2):88-92
文章在于阐明“为了解决水资源不足问题而发展起来的农业技术”是如何造就“景观”的。就日本而言,由于水资源有限的原因,常常苦于水稻种植业陷入水资源不足的境地。此后,随着农业技术的发展,水资源不足问题得到了解决,并在此过程中形成了一系列固有景观。此次文中在阐述此事实的同时,试图对其特征进行归纳. 相似文献
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