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Population and Environment - What is the effect of migration on fuel use in rural Zambia? Opportunities to increase income can be scarce in this setting; in response, households may pursue a... 相似文献
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The purpose of this article is to construct a theoretical framework characterizing the interactions among economic development,
ecosystem equilibrium and possible population decline, and to discuss the population dynamics in the very long run. In our
framework, economic activities bridge population and environment. On the one hand, human beings reform the environment through
economic activities; on the other hand, economic activities decrease environmental resilience and increase the possibility
of an environmental change in a discontinuous and irreversible pattern, as described in Arrow et al. (1995). Furthermore,
a highly developed economy also causes over-specialization of human adaptation, which tends to exaggerate the impact of an
environmental change on human population size.
Received: 19 January 1999/Accepted: 3 July 1999 相似文献
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Cyrus McKell 《Population and environment》1989,11(1):25-30
This paper was prepared as an introduction to the symposium,Review of the 1988–87 Decade of Action to Combat Desertification, under the authority and sponsorship of the American Association for the Advancement of ScienceCommittee on Arid Lands. 相似文献
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In a k-way analysis of variance model, the major concern is testing for main effects and for the presence of interaction between the factors. When the assumptions of normality and equal variances are satisfied, the appropriate test to use is the usual F-test for ANOVA. However, when the normality assumption is not satisfied then a robust or nonparametric test is needed to conduct the analysis. In this paper a nonparametric method based on cell counts is proposed. Each cell is divided into L subcells based on predetermined outpoints and the resulting frequencies are laid out in a contingency table. Then the Pearson x2 and tne likelihood ratio tests are performed. A comparison with the classical ANOVA F-test indicates that the proposed method is preferable when the data comes from a thick-tailed highly skewed distribution. 相似文献
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A common statistical problem encountered in biomedical research is to test the hypothesis that the parameters of k binomial populations are all equal. An exact test of significance of this hypothesis is possible in principle, the appropriate null distribution being a normalized product of k binomial coefficients. However, the problem of computing the tail area of this distribution can be formidable since it requires the enumeration of all sets of k binomial coefficients whose product is less than a given constant. Existing algorithms, all of which rely on explicit enumeration to generate feasible binomial coefficients 相似文献
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Anne?Marie?McLaughlin Michael?Rothery Rochelle??Babins-Wagner Barbara?Schleifer 《Clinical Social Work Journal》2010,38(2):155-163
This article presents the results of research designed to explore decision-making by direct practitioners in selected non-profit human service settings. Forty interviews were conducted with workers at front-line, supervisory and higher-management levels. The research questions included; what sources of information are used in decision-making, what variables enhance or impede utilization of evidence-based knowledge in decision-making and what would be important resources for improving availability, access and utilization of evidence-based knowledge in decision-making? Our results indicate that respondents relied most heavily on experience; on their professional values and beliefs, and on an empathic understanding of their clients’ uniqueness. Compared to these sources of information use of research and the professional literature were less enthusiastically endorsed. 相似文献
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Cyrus Sanati 《经理人》2010,(10):30-30
一项来自英国非主流投资研究机构Preqin的调查显示,尽管许多投资者纷纷从对冲基金中撤资,机构投资者仍计划向其中投入更多的资金。 相似文献
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This paper considers the impact of an extended family structure on the fertility behavior of married women in Taiwan. A sequential
duration model is applied to identify the differences in fertility behavior during the early and latter stages of a woman's
reproductive period. Heterogeneity adjustments which correct the respondent-specific characteristics are also implemented.
It is found that living with the husband's parents has an impact on the wife's fertility only at the early stage of her childbearing
period, and that the subjective son preferences together with the objective fact of no son in the previous 2 births do force
a wife to expedite her third birth. These results are robust across different cohorts during the demographic transition and
under different specifications of hazard functions.
We thank an anonymous referee for his or her valuable comments and suggestions.
Responsible editor: Junsen Zhang. 相似文献