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This article uses a demographic approach and data from the Health and Retirement Survey, a nationally representative sample of the U.S. population, to investigate sex differences in the length of life lived with heart disease and after a heart attack for persons in the United States age 50 and older. On average, women live longer than men with heart disease. At age 50 women can expect to live 7.9 years and men 6.7 years with heart disease. The average woman experiences heart disease onset three years older and heart attacks 4.4 years older than men. 相似文献
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Eileen M. Crimmins Mark D. Hayward Aaron Hagedorn Yasuhiko Saito Nicolas Brouard 《Demography》2009,46(3):627-646
In this article, we examine changes in life expectancy free of disability using longitudinal data collected from 1984 through
2000 from two cohorts who composed the Longitudinal Studies of Aging I and II. Life expectancies with and without ADL and/or
IADL disability are calculated using a Markov-based multistate life table approach. At age 70, disability-free life expectancy
increased over a 10-year period by 0.6 of a year in the later cohort, which was the same as the increase in total life expectancy,
both increases marginally statistically significant. The average length of expected life with IADL and ADL disability did
not change. Changes in disability-free life expectancy resulted from decreases in disability incidence and increases in the
incidence of recovery from disability across the two survey cohorts. Age-specific mortality among the ADL disabled declined
significantly in the later cohort after age 80. Mortality for the IADL disabled and the nondisabled did not change significantly.
Those with ADL disability at age 70 experienced substantial increases in both total life expectancy and disability-free life
expectancy. These results indicate the importance of efforts both to prevent and delay disability and to promote recovery
from disability for increasing life expectancy without disability. Results also indicate that while reductions in incidence
and increases in recovery work to decrease population prevalence of disability, declining mortality among the disabled has
been a force toward increasing disability prevalence. 相似文献
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Changing mortality and morbidity rates and the health status and life expectancy of the older population 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
This paper demonstrates the consequences of changes in mortality and health transition rates for changes in both health status life expectancy and the prevalence of health problems in the older population. A five-state multistate life table for the mid-1980s provides the baseline for estimating the effect of differing mortality and morbidity schedules. Results show that improving mortality alone implies increases in both the years and the proportion of dependent life; improving morbidity alone reduces both the years and the proportion of dependent life. Improving mortality alone leads to a higher prevalence of dependent individuals in the life table population; improving morbidity alone leads to a lower percentage of individuals with problems in functioning. 相似文献
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Nakamura M Fujimura T Nagata M Hosoda C Suzuki M Fukuhara H Enomoto Y Nishimatsu H Kume H Igawa Y Homma Y 《The aging male》2012,15(2):111-114
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Mira M. Hidajat Mark D. Hayward Yasuhiko Saito 《Population research and policy review》2007,26(2):219-234
In this paper, we lay the initial groundwork for anticipating Indonesia’s future burden of disease by developing a demographic
model of population health. We develop this model within the analytic framework of a Markov-based multistate life table model
to calculate an important indicator of the burden of disease, the expected years of active life of elderly Indonesians. The
magnitude of the gap points to the potential consequences of improvements in the nation’s educational level for the future
burden of disease. The results show that having some education increases life expectancy but it also expands the expected
years with a major functional problem. Overall educational attainment levels, however, are very low, indicating that Indonesia’s
elderly are at the leading edge of improvements in the nation’s social capacity for health. The life tables suggest that at
the early stages of development, longer life is accompanied by an expansion of morbidity. 相似文献
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