不同类型研究机构卫生技术评估研究结果转化情况的比较研究

目的:通过对不同类型研究机构的卫生技术评估(HTA)研究结果转化情况的比较,为扩大HTA的决策使用提供科学依据?方法:采用自设问卷,开展针对国内HTA研究者的问卷调查,通过Likert 五分法描述HTA研究结果转化情况,运用秩和检验进行差异分析?结果:虽然在HTA转化利用方面的差异尚无统计学意义,但在组织支持?研究过程?认知水平?研究产出方式?研究质量方面,来自高校和非高校机构研究者之间的一些差异均有统计学意义?结论:为促进HTA研究结果的决策转化,建议确立促进HTA决策转化的支持机制,强化与决策方的沟通交流协作,提高转化认知水平,采用适宜且多样的研究结果产出方式?     

Shapiro,A.C.: Multinational Financial Management

RJB Review of Journals and Books

Shapiro, A.C.: Multinational Financial Management     

The Roles of Parenting Styles and Social Capital in the School Performance of Immigrant Asian and Hispanic Adolescents*

Objective. This study investigates the role of parenting styles and social capital (parental involvement, intergenerational closure, expectation, and trust) in accounting for school performance among ethnic groups and across immigrant generations. Methods. Using data from the Adolescent Health Survey, we estimate fixed‐effects models to analyze students' grade‐point averages. We compare three generations of Asian students and three generations of Hispanic students to the third‐generation (native born with native parents) white students. Results. We find significant differences by both race/ethnicity and generational status in parenting styles and forms of social capital. However, while family socioeconomic status (SES) accounts for the achievement gap between foreign‐born Hispanic and the third‐generation white students, parenting styles and forms of social capital do not moderate any ethnic‐generational differences. Conclusions. Family influences, apart from SES, cannot explain ethnicity‐generation differences in school grades among Hispanic and Asian adolescents. This study provides conceptual clarification and empirical evidence for the significant but independent association between students' school grades and parenting styles on the one hand, and social capital on the other.     

Mechanisms Behind the Negative Influence of Single Parenthood on School Performance: Lower Teaching and Learning Conditions?

We take a first step toward unravelling the mechanisms behind the negative influence of single parenthood and the proportion of single-parent families on school performance, using 2012 international Program for International Student Assessment (PISA) data. We find that individual truancy of pupils fully explains the relationship between living in a single-mother family and math performance (after controlling for confounding factors, such as parental socioeconomic status). School-level measures of classroom disruption and truancy and individual truancy explain some of the negative effect of the school’s concentration of students from single-parent families on individual students’ math performance. However, the effect of a school’s proportion of single-parent families remains significantly negative on individual performance.     

信息时代 高校开展继续教育的思考

在信息化步伐加快的今天 ,高校开展继续教育要跟上时代的脉搏 ,树立终身教育思想 ,运用网络教育技术 ,主动适应市场需求 ,积极参与国际教育市场 ,努力开展好高校的继续教育工作     

《本草经集注》所载“陶注”中的知识类型、药产分布与北方药物的输入

陶弘景集注古代药学知识的意义,在中国本草学的发展历程上,乃是承先启后;在医疗史的研究范畴里,则是反映相关知识在特定时空背景下的变革。中世以下的批评者们,大多着眼于知识本体的正误,他们虽然推崇陶弘景在文本体例上的贡献,但却对陶注的内容多所抨击,认为其有悖博物宗旨。不过,换个角度来看,陶氏的注文,其实正适足以反映历史变迁,对医学与医疗所产生的影响。在这个视野之下,陶注本身就是一种因应外在环境变动而产生的知识集成。因为半壁江山,影响的不止是政治、经济、社会与文化,还包括了药学的体质,以及药学中有关药物基原与产地的信息重整。     

Sibship size and educational attainment in peninsular Malaysia: do policies matter?

This study examines the effects of sibship size on secondary school attainment in Malaysia. Data were obtained from the 1989 Malaysian Second Family Life Survey among a sample of individuals aged 19-38 years in 1989 who were born during 1938-69. The sample included 1749 Malays, 1071 Chinese, and 523 Indians. Subsamples divided persons into those born during the period 1950-59 and those born during 1960-69. 98% of the sample had a primary education. Almost 66% had attained a secondary school education: 23% of Malays, 34% of Chinese, and 30% of Indians. 97% had at least one sibling. The percentage of non-Malays with a secondary school education (SSE) decreased with an increase in sibship size. Sibship size was unrelated to SSE among Malays. It is pointed out that the preferential policies were probably a stronger impetus for secondary attainment among Malays than sibship size. Finer analysis by cohort revealed that only in the cohort born during 1950-59 did sibship size have no significant effect on SSE. Sibship size had a significantly negative impact among children born during 1960-69 and the impact was greater for Malays than non-Malays. The magnitude of the effect for Malays was twice as large in the 1960-69 cohort as in the 1950-59 cohort, while the magnitude of the impact of sibship size for non-Malays was the same for both birth cohorts. Average sibship size for non-Malays declined sharply over time, while it remained stable for Malays. Logistic analysis revealed few differences between ethnic groups in the predicted probabilities for the 1950-59 cohort when individual and family factors were accounted for. Findings suggest that non-Malays' adjustment by decreasing their fertility or changing family resource allocations could not entirely compensate for increases in the cost of education or reductions in the return to education. The benefit was the closing of the gap between Malays and non-Malays with regard to children's likelihood of SSE.     

《罗长铭集》集外佚文考述

辑得《罗长铭集》集外之罗长铭早年在南通报章发表的诗7首、文2篇。通过对罗氏佚文的收辑,阐述了对罗长铭这样因某种历史原因而名声不甚显,然却才学高迈,在很多领域都有创获的一代学人的认识过程,对民初南通之若干史实亦有钩辑。     

Blurring Boundaries? Immigration and Exogamous Marriages in Hong Kong

This article uses micro‐data from the Hong Kong census since 1991 to report trends in the integration of Chinese residents who were born either in Colonial Hong Kong or in Mainland China. We focus on marital exogamy by nativity for women aged 25–34. From 1991 to 2011, we found an increasing likelihood for Hong Kong native men and Mainland women to be married to one another. This increase reflects cross‐border marriages. Such exogamous marriages were associated with a lower degree of educational homogamy, since Hong Kong‐born men tend to be more educated than their Mainland spouses. They are also older than their immigrant wives. Implications for social distance between natives and immigrants in this context of exogamous marriages are discussed.     

Neighborhood and School Factors in the School Performance of Immigrants’ Children1

This article examines the effects of neighborhoods and schools on the achievement gaps between adolescents of different nativities and ethnicities. We show that neighborhood and school conditions are better for natives’ than for immigrants’ children, and they are the worst for Hispanic immigrants. Using cross‐classified hierarchical models, we find that introducing neighborhood and school characteristics helps to account for the disadvantage of Mexican immigrants’ children but to reveal the advantage of Filipino immigrants’ children, compared to native non‐Hispanic Whites. Neighborhood and school effects are not universal: they influence school performance of immigrants’ children more than that of natives’ children.