排序方式: 共有36条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
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Michael Kirchler David Andersson Caroline Bonn Magnus Johannesson Erik Ø. Sørensen Matthias Stefan Gustav Tinghög Daniel Västfjäll 《Journal of Risk and Uncertainty》2017,54(1):37-59
We experimentally compare fast and slow decisions in a series of experiments on financial risk taking in three countries involving over 1700 subjects. To manipulate fast and slow decisions, subjects were randomly allocated to responding within 7 seconds (time pressure) or waiting for at least 7 or 20 seconds (time delay) before responding. To control for different effects of time pressure and time delay on measurement noise, we estimate separate parameters for noise and risk preferences within a random utility framework. We find that time pressure increases risk aversion for gains and risk taking for losses compared to time delay, implying that time pressure increases the reflection effect of Prospect Theory. The results for gains are weaker and less robust than the results for losses. We find no significant difference between time pressure and time delay for loss aversion (tested in only one of the experiments). Time delay also leads to less measurement noise than time pressure and unconstrained decisions, and appears to be an effective way of decreasing noise in experiments. 相似文献
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The aim of this study was to investigate the role of drinking in two Norwegian workplaces, focusing on how the drinking may contribute to both social integration and marginalization of employees. The two workplaces were a division of a multinational oil company and a public library both located in one of Norway's larger cities. Data were collected through ethnographic fieldwork, including using participant observation, qualitative interviews, and brief surveys. Work-related drinking was found to be common in both workplaces and played a significant role in a wide range of social situations in the twilight zone between normal working hours and leisure. Drinking was regulated by dominant workplace alcohol cultural ideals, but also involved opposition to these ideals. The results of this study have demonstrated that different forms of drinking (and non-drinking) may lead to both social integration and marginalization – or even exclusion of groups of employees or individual employees. 相似文献
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Cross-national comparisons generally show large differences in life satisfaction of individuals within and between European
countries. This paper addresses the question of whether and how job quality and working conditions contribute to the quality
of life of employed populations in nine strategically selected EU countries: Finland, Sweden, the UK, the Netherlands, Germany,
Portugal, Spain, Hungary, and Bulgaria. Using data from the European Quality of Life Survey 2003, we examine relationships
between working conditions and satisfaction with life, as well as whether spillover or segmentation mechanisms better explain
the link between work domain and overall life satisfaction. Results show that the level of life satisfaction varies significantly
across countries, with higher quality of life in more affluent societies. However, the impact of working conditions on life
satisfaction is stronger in Southern and Eastern European countries. Our study suggests that the issue of security, such as
security of employment and pay which provides economic security, is the key element that in a straightforward manner affects
people’s quality of life. Other working conditions, such as autonomy at work, good career prospects and an interesting job
seem to translate into high job satisfaction, which in turn increases life satisfaction indirectly. In general, bad-quality
jobs tend to be more ‘effective’ in worsening workers’ perception of their life conditions than good jobs are in improving
their quality of life. We discuss the differences in job-related determinants of life satisfaction between the countries and
consider theoretical and practical implications of these findings. 相似文献
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Katarzyna Piątkowska 《Intercultural Education》2015,26(5):397-408
Approaches to the concept of culture and teaching cultural competence in a foreign language classroom have been changing over the last decades. The paper summarises, compares, contrasts and evaluates four major approaches to teaching cultural competence in foreign language teaching, that is, knowledge-based approach, contrastive approach, Communicative Language Teaching and intercultural communicative competence approach. 相似文献
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Paul?Dolan Georgios?KavetsosEmail author Ivo?Vlaev 《Social indicators research》2014,119(3):1363-1377
This study tests for causality from exercise and physical activity to life satisfaction (LS) by applying an instrumental variable approach with the respondents’ perceived benefits of exercise participation as instruments. Using data across 25 countries from the Eurobarometer survey, our results confirm the positive association between exercise and LS. In terms of causality, the results indicate that being active increases LS for both gender, though more for men than women. One main reason for this relationship is that exercise is perceived as being pleasurable, something that policy-makers should keep in mind when designing programmes to get us off the sofa. 相似文献
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卫青 《安徽农业大学学报(社会科学版)》2003,12(2):59-62
随着科学技术的发展,基因及基因科技对人类的影响是积极而深刻的,基因是严防流失的国家资源。分析国内外现有的观点和做法,我们认为应制定和完善我国基因知识产权法律保护制度,对基因科技提供专利法律保护,促进基因科技产业的发展,保护我国基因资源,防止流失。 相似文献
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This article considered several test statistics for testing the population signal-to-noise ratio based on parametric, nonparametric, and modified methods. To compare the performance of the proposed test statistics, a simulation study has been conducted under both symmetric and skewed distributions. The performance of the test statistics is compared based on the empirical size and power of the test. It is evident for large sample that some of our proposed test statistics are performing better in the sense of high power and have been recommended for the researchers. 相似文献
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钱振华 《北京科技大学学报(社会科学版)》2012,28(1):1-9
北京科技大学材料科学与工程系的前身是北京钢铁(工业)学院金相热处理系,是建国后最早从事专业金属材料科学教学和研究的机构之一,在金属材料及热处理领域的人才培养和学术研究方面作出了杰出的贡献。文章对该系的创建者及重要领导人章守华教授进行了访谈,回溯了该系早期的创建和发展情况。 相似文献
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