团队生产、计量难题与企业的性质

阿尔奇安和德姆塞茨(1972)从团队生产引发的“计量难题”及其解决机制的角度来解释企业的性质。本文在概述该企业理论的概念框架的基础上,指出了该理论存在的一个缺陷,即它忽视了企业的监督者-剩余索取者和其他成员之间的利益冲突及其解决机制。     

公共行政道德建设浅析

实现以德治国,提升整个社会的道德水准,只有加快以限权为中心的政府体制改革,改变政府的不道德作为,推进行政道德的法制化建设,加强行政人员的思想道德教育,建立道德的社会惩戒机制,把道德考核作为职务晋升的重要依据,才能实现高度的政治文明、精神文明和物质文明。     

明代宫廷书画收藏考略

明代宫廷的书画收藏十分丰富,嘉靖以后虽多有散出,但仍具有一定规模,直至明清鼎革之际宫廷所藏书画才散佚殆尽。明代宫廷所藏书画主要包括接收前代遗存、查抄籍没书画以及帝后臣工新创作书画几个部分。宫廷所藏书画主要由宦官机构司礼监负责保管,存放于质慎库中;另有部分历代帝王、君臣画像由印绶监保管,存放于古今通集库中。明代中叶以后,宫廷收藏书画通过充抵官员俸禄、偷窃等方式大量流散出宫,但同时也存在一定的补充和回流。明清易代之际,宫中所藏书画散佚殆尽,这为明末清初私人收藏家群体的崛起提供了机遇。     

Placement Educators’ Experiences and Perspectives of Supervising International Social Work Students in Australia

International social work students in Australia have reported difficulties in finding quality placement opportunities and dealing with issues such as language and cultural barriers. While placement issues have been mostly investigated from a student perspective, this study explores the experiences and perspectives of placement educators towards supervising international social work students. It draws on an online survey of 83 placement educators working for an Australian university. The majority of placement educators reported that they supervised international students differently to domestic students. These differences were negatively framed as challenges involving students’ language competence, their understanding of cultural norms, and knowledge of Australian welfare systems. This framing implies that cultural and linguistic differences between international students and placement educators are viewed in terms of student deficiency rather than as a positive opportunity for mutual learning and professional development.     

A good fit: the contribution of action learning to supervision practice

This paper discusses the value of action learning for social work supervisors. Recent years have seen renewed focus on supervision as a reflective space and some indications that the tide may be turning in regard to the dominance of managerial priorities within the supervision of direct practice. It is less evident that a similar shift is taking place for supervisors themselves and, anecdotally, many describe their own supervision as having a business focus with limited scope for reflective dialogue. While the traditional functions of supervision need to adapt to fit the responsibilities of those in management positions, it remains true that these staff provide a vital containing role within the organisational hierarchy. For that to be sustained, it is important that supervisors have space and structure within which to process the emotional, intellectual and practical challenges of their work. The integration of action learning sets within post-qualifying courses for supervisors has demonstrated a useful dual function. Firstly, they provide an effective model for group supervision, facilitating in-depth reflection on complex practice issues. Secondly, they offer managers a peer supervision forum; a safe place to explore dilemmas and share the vulnerabilities which belong to management roles as well as practice.     

Safety as a Fifth Dimension in Supervision: Stories from the Frontline

Child and family practice is recognised as a field of social work that has become increasingly complex. While evidence is growing in relation to effective supervision, there has been little research about the attributes of an effective supervisor, or the components of effective supervision. This paper reports on research undertaken in Victoria, Australia, which explored practitioners’ and supervisors’ experiences of effective supervision in this field. Data collection involved in-depth interviews with experienced supervisors and supervisees in order to explore the concept of effective supervision from participants’ perspectives. The data were systematically interrogated using a thematic inductive process, designed to enhance the voice of participants in the research. The study findings confirmed the complexity and centrality of the supervisory relationship, with the experience of a safe supervisory relationship proving essential. The importance of contemporary knowledge, leadership skills, and an enabling organisational and community context were also highlighted.     

The development of social work education in Russia since 1995

This article presents the findings of a four-year survey on the development of social work education in Russia from 1995 to the present day. Through a series of questionnaires, interviews and discussions with Russian academics, practitioners and students, the study looks at a variety of issues including the high rate of attrition. It focuses on aspects of students’ practice placements such as the type, length and quality of practice placements, the students’ workload and the supervision provided. It also looks at the contribution that international collaboration has made to the development of social work education in Russia.

The survey concludes that there is a need to enhance the overall package for social workers and raise the status of the profession in order to retain qualified personnel. Longer practice placements which start in the first year and are adequately funded and supervised are seen as the key to retaining new graduates. It concludes that although international projects have made a difference to those participating at the time, it is difficult to disseminate these benefits beyond the immediate region. Now that international funding to Russia has been reduced it is critical that any remaining funding is accurately targeted and properly coordinated.     

论当前权力滥用现象的表现、成因及防治对策

腐败的实质是对公共权力的滥用,反腐败的实质也应是反对公共权力的滥用,反腐败的重点应放到制约公共权力的滥用上。着重从权力的配置、授予、运作、监督制约等角度提出了制约权力滥用的对策和建议,以期对我党我国的反腐倡廉工作做出应有的贡献。     

清末公司制企业的治理与监管

清末时人们对公司企业的法律属性有了进一步的认识,揭示了洋务官督商办股份制企业治理机构和监管机制方面的弊端,要求政府立法规范公司企业的内部运作.清末<公司律>出台,一定程度上适应了公司企业实践发展的需求,为清末公司企业的发展提供了基本的法律制度框架.同时,实业界、思想界人士从不同角度对公司企业的治理与监管问题进行了更为深入的探讨.     

注册会计师独立性问题的思考

注册会计师行业的“诚信”正面临危机 ,如何恢复和树立公正权威的地位 ,审计独立性起着决定性作用。本文就影响审计独立性的因素及加强提高注册会计师独立性采取的手段进行探讨