Incumbent capability enhancement in response to radical innovations

Schumpeterian market disequilibrium marked by entrepreneurial entry and incumbent exit has long held an important place in management literature. The extant literature has overwhelmingly championed the newcomer, despite incumbents' obvious advantages in resources, experience and market knowledge. The current research provides evidence for the effectiveness of the incumbent's strategy of capability enhancement (along an established technological trajectory) while responding to radical technological innovations. We develop a cognitive process model that integrates managerial cognition with capability development and deployment views, depicting the dynamics of the incumbent's capability enhancement process. We analyze the cognitive drivers of organizational actions in all stages (rigidity, triggering event, and capability renewal) and elucidate the role of top management cognition in the processes of detecting and correcting errors in a strategic course of action. We ground our model in the case of a cork-stopper industry veteran's decline as corks ceded ground to screw tops and other stoppers in the wine industry. How a major company fought back in response to the emergence of these, in the industry context, radical technological innovations, provides the basis for our narrative. The proposed theoretical model contributes to literature on technology management (with regard to incumbent strategies in response to radical innovation threats) as well as the role of cognition in strategy (providing an explanation of the cognitive underpinnings of capability development).     

How do countries choose their monetary policy frameworks?

This paper investigates the determinants of countries’ choices of monetary policy framework. A brief narrative focused on groupings of countries motivates an econometric analysis which draws on previous work on the determinants of exchange rate regimes, bringing in standard factors as well as the trade networks of potential anchor currency blocs and the financial market depth that are emphasised in the narrative. The model turns out to be able to predict three quarters of countries’ choices, and there is no obvious systematic pattern in the errors. The results have important implications for how countries should choose their monetary policy frameworks.     

基于产品创新的管理集成及其实施结构体系研究

本文简单地概括了国内外产品创新中管理集成的研究现状,分析了产品创新中管理集成的内涵,揭示了管理集成与信息集成、过程集成和企业集成等相关概念之间的区别和联系,提出了基于产品创新的管理集成实施的结构体系,指出这个结构体系是由核心层、使能层和技术支撑层构成的,并对其内容进行了详细的阐述。     

高管持股与企业价值——基于利益趋同效应与壕沟防守效应的经验研究

本文以深交所78家民营上市公司为样本,从利益趋同效应和壕沟防守效应两方面研究了高管持股与企业价值的关系。与目前大多数相关研究不同,本文在计量高管持股比例时包括了高管人员通过间接方式持有的公司股权。本研究发现,高管持股比例不同引起的利益趋同效应和壕沟防守效应导致高管持股与企业价值之间呈显著的非线性关系。当高管持股比例在8%—25%之间,高管持股的壕沟防守效应占主导,而小于8%或大于25%时,高管持股的利益趋同效应占主导。研究结论对以激励为主要目的或以股权结构优化为主要目的的高管持股方案提供了经验证据。     

中国管理心理学25年发展回顾与展望

文章以1980年中国心理学工业心理学专业委员会的成立,作为中国开始系统引进和发展管理心理学的标志,回顾了我国管理心理学25年来的发展历程,并指出了管理心理学所面临的研究前景:社会经济转型中的组织变革与发展,人力资源系统的开发,组织文化与学习模式的研究,经济心理与国家金融安全的研究。另外,还对我国管理心理学的发展提出了建议:重视理论问题的研究,加大研究投入,走理论创新与应用开发相结合的道路;走中国化的道路;管理心理学家应加强与其他领域专家合作。     

Stress and coping in US organizations: The role of the Employee Assistance Programme

Abstract

The organizational role of the Employee Assistance Programme (EAP) is evaluated with particular respect to managerial and human resources policies and practices. Attention is given to models of the EAP, and an ideal-typical model is discussed. A synoptic view is taken covering the scope of the EAP, the sectors of application, the selection criteria for the EAP, as well as patterns of introduction-all within a contingency framework. A critical analysis is made of the roles of participants within the EAP process, as well as of problematic ethical and professional dimensions which the EAP introduces into organizational functioning. A final section treats the future forms of development which the EAP may follow to satisy both organizational and professional imperatives.     

管理运筹学课程教学改革“ 3+ 2”模式研究

文章从管理运筹学教学特征出发,针对学生运筹思维能力、实际应用能力和实际操作能力的培养和提高,提出了"3+2"教学模式.研究了实用案例教学法、趣味教学法、计算机"伴侣"教学法这3种教学方法以及布置作业与认真批改的2种教学控制手段.并将为经济管理类管理运筹学教学改革提供思路.     

定罪量刑情节若干问题研究

定罪情节和量刑情节各有其特征。一般而言，它们性质不同，作用各异；但有些定罪情节与量刑情节功能具有交叉性和双重身分性。在同一案件中，两次适用双重身分情节，并非是对一个事实的双重评价。法定情节与酌定情节在影响刑罚裁量方面，具有一致性和功能互补性：法定情节决定量刑的基本方向，酌定情节起补充和具体化作用，能决定具体刑度。对于多功能情节以及在多种量刑情节并存时，应当根据适当的原则和科学的方法进行具体处理。     

谨慎性原则与实质重于形式原则的协调运用——新企业会计准则中存货期末计价视角

随着经济的发展,经济活动日益复杂,经济环境中的不确定性事件越来越多,同时复杂的经济活动也致使经济现象的表现形式日趋多样化.以投资者为主体的会计信息使用者一方面重视与不确定性相关的风险信息的提示,另一方面也迫切要求会计信息能反映企业的经济实质.因而,谨慎性原则与实质重于形式原则的运用成为必然.然而,会计界对两个原则在实务中的具体运用产生了不同的理解.在此,笔者拟以新会计准则中期末存货计价为切入点,通过构造案例,阐述谨慎性原则与实质重于形式原则的协调运用.