记忆与虚构——科马克·麦卡锡《血色子午线》中的历史叙事

当代美国著名小说家科马克·麦卡锡的代表作《血色子午线》是一部记忆与虚构交织的文本。在这部小说中,麦卡锡借用美墨战争后美国白人受雇于斯诺瓦及德克萨斯州政府大肆屠杀印第安人这一令人震颤的史实,用冷静的视角批判了美国"天定命运"及"美国优越论"的神话。该小说发表于美越战争之后、美苏冷战之中的时代背景下,麦卡锡在其中重新审视了美国帝国主义的暴力行径,揭示了暴力冲突的根源,表现了其对民族及种族冲突的人文关怀。     

麦卡锡《路》中的不确定性研究

作为将后现代主义思潮引入美国南方文学的先驱之一,麦卡锡的小说中不可避免地蕴含着后现代小说的典型特征,其中之一便是不确定性。这种不确定性特征也使得麦卡锡的作品显得更具有深度和观照社会现实的能力,魅力经久不衰。在结合后现代主义的各种思潮和理论的基础上,本文从多元的主题、模糊暧昧的人物、扑朔迷离的情节以及碎片化的语言等四个方面来较为细致和深入地探讨麦卡锡最新一部长篇小说《路》。     

镜与灯——论科马克·麦卡锡的墨西哥文化书写

科马克·麦卡锡的《边界三部曲》在沿袭“地狱天堂”这一文学传统来书写墨西哥文化的同时,对其背后的基本设想和价值观进行了质疑。他将外部视角与内部视角相结合,辨证看待墨西哥文化与美国文化的同质性与他异性。一方面,墨西哥文化成为一面镜子,反射出美国文化中各种形式的个人主义和理想主义。另一方面,墨西哥内部的民族主义和墨西哥性同样具有破坏性和排外性。然而,麦卡锡试图借助民族间的对话与交流,在更大程度上建构一种超越种族边界、文化边界和民族边界的人类秩序和跨民族共同体。     

数与混沌——以麦卡锡西南部小说中的数三为例

作为世界的一种呈现方式,数有语言、文化、符号等多重属性.数文化中倍受重视的数三,更是以其神秘性、神圣性及其与当代混沌学的多方联系,得到了当代美国小说家科麦克·麦卡锡的青睐.在麦卡锡的西南部小说中,数三经常出现,不仅为麦卡锡的小说叙事增添了数文化的神秘魅力,更使麦卡锡的小说有了当代混沌学的内涵与思维特点.     

The Aggregation of Political Rhetoric in Zeitoun

While the initial literary and cultural response to 9/11 consisted mostly of domestic narratives of trauma and mourning that avoided explicit political discourse, narrative representations of Hurricane Katrina, from the beginning, have been highly political. This is a profound, if simplistic, inversion: an act of political violence is de-politicized by its cultural response, while a natural disaster is overtly politicized. While the politicization of Hurricane Katrina is clearly, in part, down to the many accusations of negligence and racism that were immediately leveled at the American government after the post-Katrina flooding of New Orleans, this article argues that a major politicizing factor is and was the de-politicization of 9/11. Many narratives of Hurricane Katrina, therefore, are loaded with an aggregation of dissent and political discourse that relates not just to Katrina but also to 9/11 and the War on Terror. This article focuses specifically on Dave Eggers’s narrative non-fiction account of Katrina, Zeitoun (2009) and the way it responds to the domestication of 9/11 in these early instances of 9/11 fiction, and, in particular Cormac McCarthy’s The Road (2006). It argues that Zeitoun responds to The Road’s conservative, messianic allegory, its retrograde formulation of frontier masculinity and unlikely recourse to the domestic. Eggers’s narrative non-fiction account of Katrina is also a migrant story and it is able to both dramatize the social realities of the War on Terror and build a surprising and affecting narrative of community and pluralism in the wake of disaster. Ultimately, this comparative analysis illuminates a wider and revealing departure from the cultural representation of 9/11 in the cultural response to Hurricane Katrina where texts like Zeitoun, are overtly political and loaded with the weight of two catastrophes.     

从《边境三部曲》看科马克·麦卡锡的哲学生态观

美国当代作家科马克·麦卡锡的作品《边境三部曲》集纳了作者对人生的意义、人与自然的依存以及人与宗教关系的理性思索。从作品中反映出的非人类中心主义思想、敬畏生命的伦理思想和扬善弃恶的人文生态思想3个方面探讨作者的哲学生态观。