基于评价理论的APEC领导人宣言分析

2005年到2014年的APEC领导人宣言中的评价资源以借言为主，正面评价突出，其中鉴赏资源丰富，语势较强，立场分明。这些既体现出对话的和谐，又表明了领导人的决心和信心。2014年的领导人宣言的特点是亚太国家成果众多且认可度更高，特别鼓励区域内，以及政府与私营企业的战略性合作。     

从分歧到一致--中共高层领导解决西安事变意见透视

西安事变爆发后 ,中共中央高层怎样处理这件大事变 ,开始意见是不一致的 ,主要是审蒋、杀蒋与争取南京正统两种意见。随着事变的发展、演进 ,中共高层意见最终趋于一致 ,大家一致主张释蒋 ,这为第二次国共合作奠定了基础。中国共产党对西安事变独立作出各项决策是及时恰当的 ,从而实现了和平解决西安事变的目标 ,为全民族的团结抗战打开了通道。     

论马克思主义发展的动力机制

从人类实践活动、人类社会发展不同历史阶段时代背景、时代特征、时代要求和时代主题的差异性、马克思主义自身的理论品质、马克思主义政党及其政治领袖们关于理论建设的自觉性和创新精神等几个方面论述了马克思主义发展的动力机制。     

Quality strategies in supply chain alliances of disposable items

This paper studies a single-product distribution channel where a supplier manufactures items of a given type, some of which are defective, that are sold by a retailer who only detects a subset of the defective items, passing the rest along to customers. We conjecture the structure of the demand and cost functions, assuming customers to have a decreasing marginal aversion to bad quality while both the supplier and the retailer make marginally increasing efforts to avoid bad quality. This allows us to deduce several implicit parameters of a cost model based on observable data, such as the share of the channel margin. Once the parameters of the model are available, we analyze the result of vertical integration. Although we confirm the well-known fact that vertical integration improves the quality perceived by the customer, we characterize the supplier's decision of whether or not to provide a better quality in terms of the individual channel margins. As an alternative, we derive the conditions under which the supplier and the retailer may devise a mutually beneficial transfer contract that simultaneously increases their profit and improves quality.     

交际策略的教学与运用

语言交际教学法的目的是提高学习者的交际能力。然而 ,作为交际能力的一个重要组成部分———策略能力 ,却被教师们忽略。交际策略的可教性依然是个有争议的问题。本文首先陈述交际策略的重要性 ,以便唤起教师的注意力 ;其次 ,分析影响学习者交际策略使用的因素 ;第三部分提出了交际策略的教学方法     

Information and communications technologies, strategic asymmetry and national security

In the history of warfare, there are a number of examples of strategic uses of asymmetric technologies. Consistent with history and theory, individuals, organizations and nations have spotted opportunities to employ information and communications technologies to gain and exploit asymmetric advantages and to counter asymmetric weaknesses. This article discusses various asymmetries associated with institutions, nations and organizations that influence the ICT-national security nexus. Regulative, normative and cognitive institutions in a country provide various mechanisms that affect the nature of positive and negative asymmetries. Nations and organizations also differ in terms of their capability to assimilate ICT tools to gain positive asymmetries and deal with vulnerabilities of negative asymmetries. Integrative approaches that combine policy and technological measures at various levels are likely to make the world more secure.     

企业家战略--培育创新能力的企业内部战略

近几年来,在超强竞争背景下国外兴起的企业家战略,是公司努力将组织各个层次的员工培育为普遍具有企业家精神、思维和行动的战略,是努力将整个公司转变为能够发挥员工企业家精神的战略.企业家公司以异质的企业家人力资本和企业家智力资产持续创新,破坏均衡,产生竞争优势和显著的业绩.企业家战略理论研究的是公司如何获得具有创新、变革、远见卓识和承担风险的能力,是对正在兴起的内部战略理论的丰富和发展.企业家战略与核心能力理论互相补充,并且改变了某些传统的战略管理观念.     

高校学生干部角色意识嬗变实证研究

高校学生干部的角色意识特点直接影响其行为方式及群体作用发挥的积极效果,并深刻影响高校育人质量和教育培养任务.为此,笔者运用自编问卷分别对高校学生进行了两次大型调查,将社会转型期不同年代大学生干部的角色意识着重从追求动机、合格标准、产生方式、角色扮演、价值取向几个维度进行比较分析,结果表明十几年来高校学生干部的角色意识发生了明显变化.基于学生干部角色意识的新特点,提出了“加强学生干部分类指导”等等培养大学生干部角色意识的四方面建议.     

CEOs’ temporal focus,firm strategic change,and performance: Insights from a paradox perspective

Recent research indicates that CEOs’ temporal focus (the degree to which individuals attend to the past, present, and future) is a critical predictor for strategic outcomes. Building on paradox theory and the attention-based view, we examine the implications of CEOs’ past and future focus for strategic change. Results from polynomial regression analysis reveal that CEOs who cognitively embrace both the past and the future at the same time engage more in strategic change. In addition, our results reveal that the positive strategic change−firm performance relationship is enhanced when CEOs’ past focus is high, whereas CEOs’ future focus mitigates the translation of strategic change into firm performance (when their past focus is low at the same time). In addition, supplemental analyses indicate that the impact of CEOs’ temporal focus turns out differently in stable and dynamic environments. Our study thus extends the literature on both individual’s temporal focus and strategic change.     

The wisdom and madness of crowds: How information networks and board cognition help or hinder firm performance across the business cycle

We know little of why a minority of firms pursue counter-cyclical strategies and consequently outperform competitors during recessions. Based on the theory of institutional isomorphism, we hypothesize that these firms avoid the mimetic and normative pressures that promote strategic convergence during uncertainty. We demonstrate these effects at the board-level in a sample of 1,615 U.S. firms. Mimetic processes are evident, with firms' connectedness in board interlock networks attenuating profitability and decreasing firm value during recessions—a reversal of the positive effects during expansions. Normative pressures arise from homogeneity in directors’ educational and professional experience, with greater consequences for long-term performance. Overall, recessionary performance is improved when firms occupy relatively isolated positions in informational networks and appoint directors from a range of backgrounds.