Structural empowerment,psychological empowerment,and work engagement: A cross-country study

In this cross-country study we drew on job demands-resources theory to investigate whether psychological empowerment mediates the positive association between structural empowerment and work engagement and, consequently, task performance and intention to quit. A total of 1033 employees working in the service sector in Spain (N = 515) and the United Kingdom (N = 518) participated in the study. Multi-group structural equation modeling analyses revealed that psychological empowerment partially mediated the positive relationship between structural empowerment and work engagement, and that work engagement associated positively with task performance and negatively with intention to quit. Invariance analyses suggested that the positive link between psychological empowerment and work engagement was stronger for employees working in the UK than in Spain, providing support for partial structural invariance of the hypothesized model. These findings suggest that psychological empowerment is an underlying mechanism that may explain why structural empowerment relates positively to work engagement with implications for theory (i.e., extend the nomological network of the investigated constructs) and management practice (e.g., emphasize the role of structural empowerment for work design).     

Changes in work and care trajectories during the transition to motherhood

In most mid- and high-income countries, there have been significant demographic, structural, and cultural changes in the past decades. However, we know little about how these changes have shaped women's work patterns during a key life stage: the transition to motherhood. Using longitudinal data from Chile, covering over 30 years of employment histories and three periods of first births (1980–2010), I conduct sequence analysis to identify women's work-care trajectories during an eight-year period of the transition to motherhood. Over time, I find that continuous care work at home has declined, for which education plays a key role, while the chances of working continuously have not changed over time. Instead, I find an increasing trend of unsteady paths that combine paid work with either caretaking or unemployment. I discuss how these changes, as well as their association with education, have important implications for both gender and social inequality.     

企业成长过程中组织结构演进规律及动因

阐述企业成长过程中组织结构的演变规律,运用管理学及经济学相关理论,揭示组织结构演变的内在动因。分析表明,随着企业的成长,组织结构呈现从直线职能制到事业部制的规律性变化,从管理学意义上,这种变化极大地降低了生产成本和流通费用,从而取得了管理协调的“速度经济”;从经济学意义上,则意味着管理分工导致企业运营效率提高;更深层次看,是一个分权的、控制权较为明晰的组织模式被逐渐使用,最终导致一个均衡权力结构模型———联邦分权式事业部制的产生。     

Women's employment decisions in Malaysia: Does religion matter?

Religion may influence female employment decisions because different religions specify different life styles. This study investigates whether religion is a significant determinant of married and single women's paid-work and full-time employment in Malaysia. Using the Second Malaysian Family Life Survey and a sequential logit approach, this paper finds that religion is less influential in urban areas than in rural areas.     

阿盟发展缺失及其对上合组织的启示

阿拉伯国家联盟是当今世界成立最早的几个地区性国际组织之一。在其六十多年的发展历程中,从维护阿拉伯国家整体利益来看,其成绩并不理想。本文对阿盟的发展缺失的表现及其原因进行了分析,并探索了其对上海合作组织完善和发展过程中的启示。     

Coping with work stress: Psychological benefits of exercise

Although the health-enhancing effects of physical exercise have been well documented, less is known about how exercise benefits stressed employees psychologically. This article examines exercise as a coping response, and identifies changes in self-schemata (a person's underlying belief systems about him or herself) as the means by which exercise affects coping resources. In addition, by drawing on schema theory and the exercise literature, the active components of an exercise programme and the individuals who might enhance their ability to cope with stress through such a programme are identified.     

增权：受虐待老人社会工作新理念

针对不断增加的虐待老年人这一社会问题,将增权理论及理念运用于老年人社会工作中,结合对老年人受虐待现状和困境的考察与分析,探讨了帮助受虐待老年人维护自身合法权益的有效工作方法。     

新化辛亥志士戴哲文事略

新化籍辛亥革命志士戴哲文联络新化、邵阳、武冈等地会党,开展反清革命活动;1907年与黄兴、蔡锷等在广西发动武装起义,因积劳成疾,28岁即英年早逝。     

对现阶段图书馆工作的再认识

实现现代化、全球信息一体化是图书馆工作的目标,但我们既要着眼于未来,更要立足于现实,搞好现阶段的管理和服务。因此,图书馆工作要围绕一个中心,强化多维管理,这是图书馆迈向现代化的基础。     

Sifting the wheat from the chaff—the organization of telephone intake and the selection of social assistance inquirers in Sweden

In Sweden, the initial contact between help-seeking people and a social welfare office normally takes place over the telephone, with designated intake officers handling those aiming to apply for social assistance. Citizens seeking help are here sorted according to various eligibility criteria as well as according to different intake routines. The outcome of the sorting process is that some receive an appointment for a further assessment while others are sent away. This article describes and classifies the degree of selection at seven telephone intakes, discusses relations between the degrees of selection and reasons for selection and distinguishes several selection strategies.